Masculinity and feminity measurement in physical education teachers

Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar las mediciones de masculinidad, feminidad, machismo y sumisión, características asociadas a la personalidad, de un grupo de docentes de Educación Física. Participaron en el estudio 53 docentes de nivel básico que laboran en un programa implementado por una institución gubernamental en la Ciudad de México. El muestreo fue de tipo no probabilístico. Se empleó como instrumento el Inventario de Masculinidad y Feminidad (IMAFE), instrumento confiable y válido en México, sujeto a prueba en otros países, en él se incluyen aspectos de los papeles de género tradicionales: machismo y sumisión. El análisis de los datos se efectúo mediante la prueba “t-Student” y el análisis de varianza de una clasificación, así como la comparación de medias de los resultados arrojados. Se concluye que no hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las cuatro escalas propuestas por el IMAFE y las variables de trabajo, sexo, edad y estado civil, en el grupo de docentes de Educación Física, en lo que respecta a las características asociadas a la personalidadThis research aimed to analyze the measurements of masculinity, femininity, machismo and submission features associated with the personality characteristics of a group of physical education teachers. Participated in the study53 basic level teachers working in a program implemented by a government institution in Mexico City. The sampling was not probabilistic type. As a tool for data collection was used the Inventory of Masculinity and femininity (IMAFE), reliable and valid instrument in Mexico, subject to testing in other countries, there aspects of traditional gender roles: machismo and submission. Data analysis undertaken using the “t-student” test and analysis of variance classification and comparison of the results obtained. It is concluded that no statistically significant differences in the four scales proposed by IMAFE and work variables sex, age and marital status in the group of physical education teachers in regard to the characteristics associated with personalit

Using the Social-Local-Mobile App for Smoking Cessation in the SmokeFreeBrain Project: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Smoking is considered the main cause of preventable illness and early deaths worldwide. The treatment usually prescribed to people who wish to quit smoking is a multidisciplinary intervention, combining both psychological advice and pharmacological therapy, since the application of both strategies significantly increases the chance of success in a quit attempt. Objective: We present a study protocol of a 12-month randomized open-label parallel-group trial whose primary objective is to analyze the efficacy and efficiency of usual psychopharmacological therapy plus the Social-Local-Mobile app (intervention group) applied to the smoking cessation process compared with usual psychopharmacological therapy alone (control group). Methods: The target population consists of adult smokers (both male and female) attending the Smoking Cessation Unit at Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain. Social-Local-Mobile is an innovative intervention based on mobile technologies and their capacity to trigger behavioral changes. The app is a complement to pharmacological therapies to quit smoking by providing personalized motivational messages, physical activity monitoring, lifestyle advice, and distractions (minigames) to help overcome cravings. Usual pharmacological therapy consists of bupropion (Zyntabac 150 mg) or varenicline (Champix 0.5 mg or 1 mg). The main outcomes will be (1) the smoking abstinence rate at 1 year measured by means of exhaled carbon monoxide and urinary cotinine tests, and (2) the result of the cost-effectiveness analysis, which will be expressed in terms of an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Secondary outcome measures will be (1) analysis of the safety of pharmacological therapy, (2) analysis of the health-related quality of life of patients, and (3) monitoring of healthy lifestyle and physical exercise habits. Results: Of 548 patients identified using the hospital’s electronic records system, we excluded 308 patients: 188 declined to participate and 120 did not meet the inclusion criteria. A total of 240 patients were enrolled: the control group (n=120) will receive usual psychopharmacological therapy, while the intervention group (n=120) will receive usual psychopharmacological therapy plus the So-Lo-Mo app. The project was approved for funding in June 2015. Enrollment started in October 2016 and was completed in October 2017. Data gathering was completed in November 2018, and data analysis is under way. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in early 2019. Conclusions: Social networks and mobile technologies influence our daily lives and, therefore, may influence our smoking habits as well. As part of the SmokeFreeBrain H2020 European Commission project, this study aims at elucidating the potential role of these technologies when used as an extra aid to quit smoking

Energy loss after daily role stress and work incivility: caring for oneself with emotional wellness

The present study seeks to build on burnout research by examining daily fuctuations of role stress and work incivility, and their impact on employees’ energy loss. Optimism and recovery (i.e., psychological detachment and relaxation), two mechanisms that allow workers’ self-care and self-defence from these toxic conditions when faced by these job stressors, were included. In a daily study, 117 service sector workers completed surveys three times a day, over a period of one working week. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed work incivility as predictor of daily emotional exhaustion. Optimism and recovery play diferent roles in protecting workers from daily energy loss. Daily optimism increased employees’energy and decreased emotional exhaustion and negative afect at night. It also moderated the relationship between work incivility and positive afect at night. The results on psychological detachment supported the stressor-detachment model (Sonnentag, 2010), in which psychological detachment from work during nonworking time is not only a direct predictor of increased energy, but could similarly bufer the negative impact of role stress and work incivility. Relaxation basically showed main efects in predicting emotional exhaustion (inversely) and positive afect (directly). Our fndings suggest two main implications: (1) the necessity for implemention of workplace policies to prevent role stress and work incivility in reducing daily loss of energy. (2) Training workers in self-care programmes focusing on optimism and recovery can provide early steps toward organizational change and employee daily well-beingThis research was supported by a project from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PSI2015-68011-R). Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur

All about uncertainties and traps: Statistical oracle-based attacks on a new CAPTCHA protection against oracle attacks

CAPTCHAs are security mechanisms that try to prevent automated abuse of computer services. Many CAPTCHAs have been proposed but most have known security flaws against advanced attacks. In order to avoid a kind of oracle attacks in which the attacker learns about ground truth labels via active interactions with the CAPTCHA service as an oracle, Kwon and Cha proposed a new CAPTCHA scheme that employ uncertainties and trap images to generate adaptive CAPTCHA challenges, which we call “Uncertainty and Trap Strengthened CAPTCHA” (UTS-CAPTCHA) in this paper. Adaptive CAPTCHA challenges are used widely (either explicitly or implicitly) but the role of such adaptive mechanisms in the security of CAPTCHAs has received little attention from researchers. In this paper we present a statistical fundamental design flaw of UTS-CAPTCHA. This flaw leaks information regarding ground truth labels of images used. Exploiting this flaw, an attacker can use the UTS-CAPTCHA service as an oracle, and perform several different statistical learning-based attacks against UTS-CAPTCHA, increasing any reasonable initial success rate up to 100% according to our theoretical estimation and experimental simulations. Based on our proposed attacks, we discuss how the fundamental idea behind our attacks may be generalized to attack other CAPTCHA schemes and propose a new principle and a number of concrete guidelines for designing new CAPTCHA schemes in the future

Prevalence, characteristics, and impact of adverse events in 34 Madrid hospitals. The ESHMAD study

Introduction: Adverse Events (AE) are one of the main problems in healthcare. Therefore, many policies have been developed worldwide to mitigate their im pact. The Patient Safety Incident Study in Hospitals in the Community of Madrid (ESHMAD) measures the results of them in the region. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted in May 2019, in hospitalised patients in 34 public hospitals using the Harvard Medical Practice Study methodology. A logistic regression model was carried out to study the association of the variables with the presence of AE, calibrated and adjusted by patient. Results: A total of 9975 patients were included, estimating a prevalence of AE of 11.9%. A higher risk of AE was observed in patients with surgical procedures (OR[CI95%]: 2.15[1.79 to 2.57], vs. absence), in Intensive Care Units (OR[CI95%]: 1.60[1.17 to 2.17], vs. Medical) and in hospitals of medium complexity (OR[CI95%]: 1.45[1.12 to 1.87], vs. low complexity). A 62.6% of AE increased the length of the stay or it was the cause of admission, and 46.9% of AE were considered prevent able. In 11.5% of patients with AE, they had contributed to their death. Conclusions: The prevalence of AE remains similar to the previously estimated one in studies developed with the same methodology. AE keep leading to longer hospital stays, contributing to patient's death, showing that it is necessary to put focus on patient safety again. A detailed analysis of these events has enabled the detection of specific areas for improvement according to the type of care, centre and patient

Secondary poisoning of non-target animals in an Ornithological Zoo in Galicia (NW Spain) with anticoagulant rodenticides: a case report

The use of anticoagulants has increased in recent times as a method for controlling rodent populations. However, this increased use also provokes accidental and intentional ingestion for both animals and humans, triggering poisoning of non-target organisms. In the present report, a clinical case of secondary-poisoning of birds with anticoagulant rodenticides, which took place after a general rodenticide treatment in an Ornithological Zoological Park, is described. Three birds died as a result and samples were submitted to the Veterinary Hospital in Lugo (Galicia, NW Spain). After necropsy, samples of the birds, together with molluscs and faeces, were submitted to the Toxicology Unit of Caceres (Extremadura, W Spain) in order to detect possible chemicals. Results from HPLC analyses revealed the presence of the rodenticides difenacoum and brodifacoum. The present report shows that the risk of secondary exposure resulting from the scavenging of molluscs is likely to be significant. The potential routes of uptake by invertebrates include the consumption of rodent faeces, rodent carcases, the ingestion of soil-bound residues, and the direct consumption of poison baits.Irene de la Casa-Resino was supported by fellowship PRE09001 from Department of Employment, Enterprise and Innovation (Gobierno de Extremadura, Spain)S

Big Data: an exploration of research, technologies and application cases

Big Data se ha convertido en una tendencia a nivel mundial y aunque aún no cuenta con un concepto científico o académico consensuado, se augura cada día mayor crecimiento del mercado que lo envuelve y de las áreas de investigación asociadas. En este artículo se reporta una exploración de literatura sobre Big Data, que comprende un estado del arte de las técnicas y tecnologías asociadas a Big Data, las cuales abarcan captura, procesamiento, análisis y visualización de datos. Se exploran también las características, fortalezas, debilidades y oportunidades de algunas aplicaciones y modelos que incluyen Big Data, principalmente para el soporte al modelado de datos, análisis y minería de datos. Asimismo, se introducen algunas de las tendencias futuras para el desarrollo de Big Data por medio de la definición de aspectos básicos, alcance e importancia de cada una. La metodología empleada para la exploración incluye la aplicación de dos estrategias, una primera corresponde a un análisis cienciométrico; y la segunda, una categorización de documentos por medio de una herramienta web de apoyo a los procesos de revisión literaria. Como resultados se obtiene una síntesis y conclusiones en torno a la temática y se plantean posibles escenarios para trabajos investigativos en el campo de dominio.Big Data has become a worldwide trend and although still lacks a scientific or academic consensual concept, every day it portends greater market growth that surrounds and the associated research areas. This paper reports a systematic review of the literature on Big Data considering a state of the art about techniques and technologies associated with Big Data, which include capture, processing, analysis and data visualization. The characteristics, strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for some applications and Big Data models that include support mainly for modeling, analysis, and data mining are explored. Likewise, some of the future trends for the development of Big Data are introduced by basic aspects, scope, and importance of each one. The methodology used for exploration involves the application of two strategies, the first corresponds to a scientometric analysis and the second corresponds to a categorization of documents through a web tool to support the process of literature review. As results, a summary and conclusions about the subject are generated and possible scenarios arise for research work in the field

Experimental study of viscous friction in undergraduate physics laboratory: introduction of phase diagrams to analyse dynamic equilibrium

In this work we propose using phase diagrams to explain the dynamical behaviour of simple mechanical systems. First the motion of the system x (t) is experimentally measured, and then the derivatives, v(t) and a(t), are obtained from it and the motion equation f (x, v, a) = 0 is represented graphically. This idea is applied to the study of a system with linear viscous drag, explaining the evolution of the system towards the dynamical equilibrium point corresponding to the limit velocity. The phase diagrams of the viscous drag are compared with those of the Coulomb drag, which is not continuous and does not necessarily lead to a uniformly accelerated motion. The method is illustrated by an experiment in a dynamic track with magnetic damping. The use of phase diagrams allows for the checking the linearity of this damping. Moreover it allows for the identification of the existence of a small Coulomb drag between the track and the cart that appears as a small discontinuity of the function a (v) when the direction of the movement changes.Moreno Cano, R.; Page Del Pozo, AF.; Riera Guasp, J.; Hueso Pagoaga, JL. (2015). Experimental study of viscous friction in undergraduate physics laboratory: introduction of phase diagrams to analyse dynamic equilibrium. European Journal of Physics. 36:1-15. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/36/3/035033S11536Larson, R. F. (1998). Measuring the coefficient of friction of a low-friction cart. The Physics Teacher, 36(8), 464-465. doi:10.1119/1.879928Paetkau, M., Bahniwal, M., & Gamblen, J. (2008). Magnetic Low-Friction Track. The Physics Teacher, 46(5), 307-309. doi:10.1119/1.2909753Takahashi, K., & Thompson, D. (1999). Measuring air resistance in a computerized laboratory. American Journal of Physics, 67(8), 709-711. doi:10.1119/1.19356Lindemuth, J. (1971). The Effect of Air Resistance on Falling Balls. American Journal of Physics, 39(7), 757-759. doi:10.1119/1.1986278Andereck, B. S. (1999). Measurement of air resistance on an air track. American Journal of Physics, 67(6), 528-533. doi:10.1119/1.19318Pantaleone, J., & Messer, J. (2011). The added mass of a spherical projectile. American Journal of Physics, 79(12), 1202-1210. doi:10.1119/1.3644334Feinberg, G. (1965). Fall of Bodies Near the Earth. American Journal of Physics, 33(6), 501-502. doi:10.1119/1.1971740Bohren, C. F. (2004). Dimensional analysis, falling bodies, and the fine art ofnotsolving differential equations. American Journal of Physics, 72(4), 534-537. doi:10.1119/1.1574042Moreno, R., Page, A., Riera, J., & Hueso, J. L. (2013). Experimental analysis of nonlinear oscillations in the undergraduate physics laboratory. European Journal of Physics, 35(1), 015005. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/35/1/015005Erlichson, H. (1983). Maximum projectile range with drag and lift, with particular application to golf. American Journal of Physics, 51(4), 357-362. doi:10.1119/1.13248Brancazio, P. J. (1985). Looking into Chapman’s homer: The physics of judging a fly ball. American Journal of Physics, 53(9), 849-855. doi:10.1119/1.14350Parker, G. W. (1977). Projectile motion with air resistance quadratic in the speed. American Journal of Physics, 45(7), 606-610. doi:10.1119/1.10812Page, A., Candelas, P., & Belmar, F. (2006). On the use of local fitting techniques for the analysis of physical dynamic systems. European Journal of Physics, 27(2), 273-279. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/27/2/010Shone, R. (2002). Economic Dynamics. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139165020Murray, J. D. (Ed.). (2002). Mathematical Biology. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. doi:10.1007/b98868Van Buskirk, R., & Jeffries, C. (1985). Observation of chaotic dynamics of coupled nonlinear oscillators. Physical Review A, 31(5), 3332-3357. doi:10.1103/physreva.31.3332Siahmakoun, A., French, V. A., & Patterson, J. (1997). Nonlinear dynamics of a sinusoidally driven pendulum in a repulsive magnetic field. American Journal of Physics, 65(5), 393-400. doi:10.1119/1.18546Vidaurre, A., Riera, J., Monsoriu, J. A., & Giménez, M. H. (2008). Testing theoretical models of magnetic damping using an air track. European Journal of Physics, 29(2), 335-343. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/29/2/014Page, A., Moreno, R., Candelas, P., & Belmar, F. (2008). The accuracy of webcams in 2D motion analysis: sources of error and their control. European Journal of Physics, 29(4), 857-870. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/29/4/017Cadwell, L. H. (1996). Magnetic damping: Analysis of an eddy current brake using an airtrack. American Journal of Physics, 64(7), 917-923. doi:10.1119/1.1812

Assessment of discretely measured indicators and maximum daily trunk shrinkage for detecting water stress in pomegranate trees

Measurements obtained by the continuous monitoring of trunk diameter fluctuations were comparedwith discrete measurements of midday stem water potential and midday leaf conductance (gl)in adult pomegranate trees (Punica granatum L. cv. Mollar de Elche). Control plants (T0) were irrigateddaily above their crop water requirements in order to attain non-limiting soil water conditions in 2009 and 2010, while T1 plants were subjected to water stress by depriving them of irrigation water for34 days in 2010, after which time irrigation was restored and plant recovery was studied for 7 days.T1 plants showed a substantial degree of water stress, which developed slowly. Maximum daily trunkshrinkage (MDS) was identified to be the most suitable plant-based indicator for irrigation scheduling inadult pomegranate trees, because its signal:noise ((T1/T0):coefficient of variation) ratio was higher thanthat for midday stem water potential((T1/T0):coefficient of variation) and gl((T0/T1):coefficient of variation). MDS increasedin response to water stress, but when the stemfell below ¿1.67 MPa, the MDS values decreased. Fornon-limiting water conditions, MDS could be predicted from mean daily air temperature (Tm) throughexponential equations fitted to pooled data across several seasons. First-order equations were alsoobtained by pooling data across several seasons to predict MDS from crop reference evapotranspira-tion (ETo), mean daily air vapour pressure deficit (VPDm), Tmand solar radiation (Rs), but these should beused only within a certain range of values (ETo, 2.1¿7.4 mm; VPDm, 0.64¿2.96 kPa; Tm, 12.1¿28.3¿C; Rs,119.4¿331.3 Wm¿2). Hence, automated MDS measurements have the potential to be used in irrigationscheduling of pomegranate, and these values can be normalized to non-limiting water conditions bylocally derived empirical relationships with meteorological variables.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CICYT/FEDER) AGL2010-19201-C04-01AGRAgencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID