MUSIEDLACK, Didier (comp.): Les experiences corporatives dans l’aire latine, Berne: Peter Lang, 2010, 488 pp.

ReviewReseñ

“Bajo Pluma de Mujer”: análisis de la correspondencia femenina a Miguel de Unamuno en el primer tercio del siglo xx

The figure and work of Miguel de Unamuno has been an object of investigative interest from different academic areas and perspectives. Of particular importance is the study of the correspon- dence that the Spanish thinker had with prominent personalities of his era. In this regard, one cannot overlook the rich legacy that exists in the Unamuno House-Museum, property of the University of Salamanca, which makes up the writer’s archive of correspondence, with over 25,000 letters. In this investigation, we have explored a field that had remained largely unknown: the correspondence that the former Rector of Salamanca received from the pen of relevant women in the first third of the 20th century. Through a content analysis of a selection of 40 women, we have studied the exchange of ideas that they expressed in their letters and which they wanted to share with the writer. The results elucidate clear connections between certain historical events linked to the figure of Unamuno and the sociological problems these women experienced.La figura y obra de Miguel de Unamuno han sido objeto de interés investigador desde diferentes áreas académicas y perspectivas. Entre ellas cabe destacar el estudio de la correspondencia que mantuvo el pensador español con personalidades importantes de su época. A este respecto, no se puede obviar el rico legado que existe en la Casa-Museo Unamuno, perteneciente a la Universidad de Salamanca, que compone el fondo epistolar del escritor, con más de 25.000 cartas. En esta investigación se realiza una aproximación a un campo en parte desconocido, como es la correspon- dencia que el antiguo rector salmantino recibió de la pluma de mujeres relevantes del primer tercio del siglo xx. A través de un análisis de contenido sobre una selección de 40 mujeres, se estudia el intercambio de ideas que plasmaron en sus epístolas y que querían compartir con el escritor. Los resultados visibilizan las conexiones con ciertos acontecimientos históricos ligados a la figura de Unamuno y con la problemática sociológica que vivieron esas mujeres

Metodologías colaborativas en el proceso de enseñanza-apredizaje de la historia contemporánea

Memoria ID-315. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014

Implementación de nuevos recursos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia Contemporánea dentro del marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior

Memoria ID12-0155. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013

Materiales docentes en formato audio. Podcasts de Historia Contemporánea

Memoria ID-0310. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Oral versus intramuscular administration of vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency in primary care : a pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority clinical trial (OB12)

The trial was financed by Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo Español through their call for independent clinical research, Orden Ministerial SAS/2377, 2010 (EC10-115, EC10-116, EC10-117, EC10-119, EC10-122); CAIBER—Spanish Clinical Research Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (CAI08/010044); and Gerencia Asistencial de Atención Primaria de Madrid. This study is also supported by the Spanish Clinical Research Network (SCReN), funded by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación, project number PT13/0002/0007, within the National Research Program I+D+I 2013-2016 and co-funded with European Union ERDF funds (European Regional Development Fund). This project received a grant for the translation and publication of this article from the Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Primary Care (FIIBAP) Call 2017 for grants to promote research programs.Objectives To compare the effectiveness of oral versus intramuscular (IM) vitamin B12 (VB12) in patients aged ≥65 years with VB12 deficiency. Design Pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority, multicentre trial in 22 primary healthcare centres in Madrid (Spain). Participants 283 patients ≥65 years with VB12 deficiency were randomly assigned to oral (n=140) or IM (n=143) treatment arm. Interventions The IM arm received 1 mg VB12 on alternate days in weeks 1–2, 1 mg/week in weeks 3–8 and 1 mg/month in weeks 9–52. The oral arm received 1 mg/day in weeks 1–8 and 1 mg/week in weeks 9–52. Main outcomes Serum VB12 concentration normalisation (≥211 pg/mL) at 8, 26 and 52 weeks. Non-inferiority would be declared if the difference between arms is 10% or less. Secondary outcomes included symptoms, adverse events, adherence to treatment, quality of life, patient preferences and satisfaction. Results The follow-up period (52 weeks) was completed by 229 patients (80.9%). At week 8, the percentage of patients in each arm who achieved normal B12 levels was well above 90%; the differences in this percentage between the oral and IM arm were −0.7% (133 out of 135 vs 129 out of 130; 95% CI: −3.2 to 1.8; p>0.999) by per-protocol (PPT) analysis and 4.8% (133 out of 140 vs 129 out of 143; 95% CI: −1.3 to 10.9; p=0.124) by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. At week 52, the percentage of patients who achieved normal B12 levels was 73.6% in the oral arm and 80.4% in the IM arm; these differences were −6.3% (103 out of 112 vs 115 out of 117; 95% CI: −11.9 to −0.1; p=0.025) and −6.8% (103 out of 140 vs 115 out of 143; 95% CI: −16.6 to 2.9; p=0.171), respectively. Factors affecting the success rate at week 52 were age, OR=0.95 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.99) and having reached VB12 levels ≥281 pg/mL at week 8, OR=8.1 (95% CI: 2.4 to 27.3). Under a Bayesian framework, non-inferiority probabilities (Δ>−10%) at week 52 were 0.036 (PPT) and 0.060 (ITT). Quality of life and adverse effects were comparable across groups. 83.4% of patients preferred the oral route. Conclusions Oral administration was no less effective than IM administration at 8 weeks. Although differences were found between administration routes at week 52, the probability that the differences were below the non-inferiority threshold was very low.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

La producción cinematográfica como instrumento para la reconstrucción del pasado. Un eficaz recurso pedagógico para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la historia y del arte

Memoria ID-0173. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Effectiveness of a strategy that uses educational games to implement clinical practice guidelines among Spanish residents of family and community medicine (e-EDUCAGUIA project):A clinical trial by clusters

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS Grant Number PI11/0477 ISCIII.-REDISSEC Proyecto RD12/0001/0012 AND FEDER Funding.Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed with the aim of helping health professionals, patients, and caregivers make decisions about their health care, using the best available evidence. In many cases, incorporation of these recommendations into clinical practice also implies a need for changes in routine clinical practice. Using educational games as a strategy for implementing recommendations among health professionals has been demonstrated to be effective in some studies; however, evidence is still scarce. The primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a teaching strategy for the implementation of CPGs using educational games (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) to improve knowledge and skills related to clinical decision-making by residents in family medicine. The primary objective will be evaluated at 1 and 6months after the intervention. The secondary objectives are to identify barriers and facilitators for the use of guidelines by residents of family medicine and to describe the educational strategies used by Spanish teaching units of family and community medicine to encourage implementation of CPGs. Methods/design: We propose a multicenter clinical trial with randomized allocation by clusters of family and community medicine teaching units in Spain. The sample size will be 394 residents (197 in each group), with the teaching units as the randomization unit and the residents comprising the analysis unit. For the intervention, both groups will receive an initial 1-h session on clinical practice guideline use and the usual dissemination strategy by e-mail. The intervention group (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) strategy will consist of educational games with hypothetical clinical scenarios in a virtual environment. The primary outcome will be the score obtained by the residents on evaluation questionnaires for each clinical practice guideline. Other included variables will be the sociodemographic and training variables of the residents and the teaching unit characteristics. The statistical analysis will consist of a descriptive analysis of variables and a baseline comparison of both groups. For the primary outcome analysis, an average score comparison of hypothetical scenario questionnaires between the EDUCAGUIA intervention group and the control group will be performed at 1 and 6months post-intervention, using 95% confidence intervals. A linear multilevel regression will be used to adjust the model. Discussion: The identification of effective teaching strategies will facilitate the incorporation of available knowledge into clinical practice that could eventually improve patient outcomes. The inclusion of information technologies as teaching tools permits greater learning autonomy and allows deeper instructor participation in the monitoring and supervision of residents. The long-term impact of this strategy is unknown; however, because it is aimed at professionals undergoing training and it addresses prevalent health problems, a small effect can be of great relevance. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02210442.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe