Report on the Battle at Fair Oaks, June 1, 1862

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of the report on the Battle at Fair Oaks dated June 1, 1862

Report on the Hooker Campaign, May 1863

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of the report on the Hooker Campaign dated May 1863

Undated note mentioning Generals Hooker and Heintzelman, and the Battle of Fredericksburg

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of note, undated

Colonel Edward E. Cross journal

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of the journal of Colonel Edward E. Cross of the Fifth New Hampshire Regiment, 1861-1863. Includes newspaper clippings and a list of the names of the members of the 5th New Hampshire Regiment

Letter from Colonel Edward E. Cross to his father, December 21, 1862

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of the letter from Colonel Edward E. Cross to his father, December 21, 1862

Report from Colonel Edward Ephraim Cross to Governor Berry on the New Hampshire 5th Regiment, Oct. 31, 1862

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of a clipping that accompanied the Colonel Edward E. Cross journal, 1863

Undated verse about the New Hampshire 5th Regiment at the Battle of Fair Oaks, Va.

A reproduction of the original and typed transcription of a verse, undated. Accompanied by a Sketch of Colonel Edward E. Cross written for the Boston Journal

Confronting models with data: the challenges of estimating disease spillover

For pathogens known to transmit across host species, strategic investment in disease control requires knowledge about where and when spillover transmission is likely. One approach to estimating spillover is to directly correlate observed spillover events with covariates. An alternative is to mechanistically combine information on host density, distribution and pathogen prevalence to predict where and when spillover events are expected to occur. We use several case studies at the wildlife–livestock disease interface to highlight the challenges, and potential solutions, to estimating spatiotemporal variation in spillover risk. Datasets on multiple host species often do not align in space, time or resolution, and may have no estimates of observation error. Linking these datasets requires they be related to a common spatial and temporal resolution and appropriately propagating errors in predictions can be difficult. Hierarchical models are one potential solution, but for fine-resolution predictions at broad spatial scales, many models become computationally challenging. Despite these limitations, the confrontation of mechanistic predictions with observed events is an important avenue for developing a better understanding of pathogen spillover. Systems where data have been collected at all levels in the spillover process are rare, or non-existent, and require investment and sustained effort across disciplines. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

City College (New York, N.Y.), Department of Romance Languages Investigating Committee records 1938-1945

Contains a photocopy of the stenographic transcripts of the hearings conducted by the Committee of the General Faculty to Investigate Charges of Members of Department of Romance Languages on October 4, 18, and 24, 1945, to investigate alleged discriminatory practices of Prof. William E. Knickerbocker, chairman of the department in the 1930's and 1940's, towards Prof. Elliot H. PolingerIncludes correspondence pertaining to the hearing, depositions, and statements by principals involved, and other related materials. Contains also a pamphlet entitled Part II of Facts in the case against Prof. William E. Knickerbocker by Ephraim Cross, published in 195