Development and Psychometric Analysis of Children's Environmental Health Knowledge (ChEHK-Q) and Children's Environmental Health Skills (ChEHS-Q) Questionnaires. The e-Nursus Children Intervention and Student Nurses´ Environmental Health Competencies

Los profesionales de enfermería requieren competencias en salud medioambiental infantil para abordar problemas de salud ambiental. La inclusión de cuestiones medioambientales en los planes de estudios usando las nuevas tecnologías es esencial. Este estudio ha desarrollado y validado el Cuestionario de Conocimientos y Habilidades en Salud Ambiental Infantil (ChEHK-Q / ChEHS-Q) para medir conocimientos y habilidades en salud medioambiental infantil, respectivamente, entre estudiantes de enfermería españoles y británicos. El 87,53% de los estudiantes españoles tenía actitudes positivas, pero sólo el 20,35% tenía buenos conocimientos y el 47,20% buenas habilidades para tratar problemas medioambientales. El 97,45% de los estudiantes británicos tenía buenas actitudes, el 22,41% tenía buenos conocimientos y el 33,62% buenas habilidades. La intervención e-NurSus Children mejoró los conocimientos sobre salud ambiental (39,02%), las habilidades (29,98%) y finalmente las actitudes (15,81%). Es necesario cambiar el curriculum, ya que los estudiantes tienen actitudes positivas pero les faltan conocimientos y habilidades necesarios.Nurses with children´s environmental health competencies can take care of environmental problems. The inclusion of environmental issues in the nursing curriculum using the new technologies is essential. This study has developed and validated the Children's Environmental Health Knowledge and Skills Questionnaire (ChEHK-Q / ChEHS-Q) for measuring knowledge of and skills in children´s environmental health, respectively, among Spanish and British nursing students. The 87.53 % of the Spanish students had positive attitudes, but only the 20.35% of them had good knowledge and the 47.20% had good skills to deal environmental problems. The 97.45% of the British students had good attitudes, the 22.41% had good knowledge and the 33.62% had good skills. The e-NurSus Children intervention improved environmental health knowledge the most (39.02%), followed by skills (29.98%) and finally attitudes (15.81%). It is necessary to change the curriculum, as students have positive attitudes towards this but lack knowledge and skills.Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Enfermería. Leída el 24 de mayo 2019

Dificultades en el desarrollo postnatal. Complicaciones derivadas de una hemorragia intraventricular infantil. Evaluación e intervención logopédica en un caso de retraso madurativo y del lenguaje expresivo

El presente documento se centrará en el estudio de un caso concreto realizado durante las prácticas del 4º curso del Grado en Logopedia. La hemorragia intraventricular es una complicación que surge al producirse un sangrado dentro o alrededor de los ventrículos. No es muy común, pero es una consecuencia habitual en aquellos niños que nacen de forma prematura. Gracias a los avances médicos y tecnológicos actuales se puede llevar a cabo una detección precoz y prevenir las posibles complicaciones, o al menos, evitar daños mayores. Las dificultades que pueden acontecer desde los primeros meses de vida pueden marcar el posterior desarrollo del niño, por lo que hay que tener en cuenta todas las áreas que pueden verse afectadas. Por ello, se ha creído oportuno realizar un análisis exhaustivo de este caso en concreto, proponiendo una adecuada intervención logopédica. Para ello, se han utilizado diferentes pruebas con motivo de evaluar las habilidades comunicativas y lingüísticas del niño objeto de estudio. Por consiguiente, se hablará primeramente del concepto de hemorragia intraventricular y las dificultades que de ella se derivan para, posteriormente, comentar las pruebas del lenguaje utilizadas que han permitido llevar a cabo una intervención logopédica eficaz, capaz de cubrir las necesidades que precisa relacionadas con el lenguaje, así como los problemas conductuales que se observan y que se pretenden reducir o eliminar.Grado en Logopedi

Characterization of the clarifications to opinions of loss of work capacity, in a health and safety at work institution, Medellín Colombia

RESUMEN: Objetivo general: Caracterizar las aclaraciones solicitadas a dictámenes medico laborales, emitidos por la Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública en los años 2016 y 2017, buscando tendencias de acuerdo a los intereses de los diferentes actores de la seguridad social. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo sobre los conceptos médicos laborales expedidos por una institución prestadora de servicios (IPS), de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en la ciudad de Medellín. Se analizaron el 100% de las aclaraciones solicitadas sobre ponencias de origen, fecha de estructuración y pérdida de capacidad laboral (PCL) realizadas con base en los decretos 917 de 1999 y 1507 de 2014. Resultados: 75 aclaraciones en total para el período comprendido entre 2016 y 2017. Quienes solicitaron algún tipo de aclaración, 67% eran hombres y el 31% mujeres. Se evidenció que las personas con edades entre los 45 y 69 años son las que más solicitan aclaraciones (50.6%). Más de la mitad de la población analizada estaban empleados y activos laboralmente. El 44% de las personas se dedican a las ventas y servicios. El 65% de los casos de aclaraciones, son solicitados por parte de juzgados, seguido de un 21.4% que corresponde al paciente. En un 24,1% la solicitud era con respecto a la fecha de estructuración, un 3.8% al origen de la patología y un 7,6% a cuestionamientos acerca de la PCL. Del total de aclaraciones, se encontraron 195 deficiencias de las cuales el 58,8% eran del sistema osteomuscular, mental o sistema nervioso periférico (SNP). Conclusiones: Más del 50% de las deficiencias a calificar corresponden a los sistemas osteomuscular, mental o SNP

Rheological behaviour and functionality of inulin-extra virgin olive oil-based mashed potatoes

Developing products having a high nutritional value and good storage stability during freezing is a challenge. Inulin (I) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) have interesting functional properties. The e?ect of the addition of I and EVOO blends at di?erent I:EVOO ratios (0:0, 0:60, 15:45, 30:30, 45:15, 60:0, 30:45 and 45:30) on the rheological, physical, sensory and structural properties of fresh and frozen ? thawed mashed potatoes formulated without and with added cryoprotectants was analysed and compared. Addition of I and EVOO (either alone or blended) reduced apparent viscosity and pseudoplasticity producing softer systems, indicating that both ingredients behave as soft ?llers. Samples with added I at the higher concentrations )1 (?45 g kg ) showed lower ?ow index and consistency, which is related to formation of smaller I particles; microphotographs indicated that gelling properties of I depended mostly upon processing. Frozen ? thawed samples were judged more acceptable and creamier than their fresh counterparts

Rheological behaviour and functionality of inulin-extra virgin olive oil-based mashed potatoes

Developing products having a high nutritional value and good storage stability during freezing is a challenge. Inulin (I) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) have interesting functional properties. The e?ect of the addition of I and EVOO blends at di?erent I:EVOO ratios (0:0, 0:60, 15:45, 30:30, 45:15, 60:0, 30:45 and 45:30) on the rheological, physical, sensory and structural properties of fresh and frozen ? thawed mashed potatoes formulated without and with added cryoprotectants was analysed and compared. Addition of I and EVOO (either alone or blended) reduced apparent viscosity and pseudoplasticity producing softer systems, indicating that both ingredients behave as soft ?llers. Samples with added I at the higher concentrations )1 (?45 g kg ) showed lower ?ow index and consistency, which is related to formation of smaller I particles; microphotographs indicated that gelling properties of I depended mostly upon processing. Frozen ? thawed samples were judged more acceptable and creamier than their fresh counterparts

La regulación emocional en los trastornos emocionales, una piedra nodal para los abordajes transdiagnósticos: una revisión de la literatura

II Jornades d’Investigació per als Estudiants de Ciències de la Salut Facultat de Ciències de la SalutIntroducción: La regulación emocional se ha convertido en un tema de creciente interés, tanto a nivel de investigación básica (Tamir, 2011) como en diversos ámbitos aplicados, fundamentalmente el clínico (Aldao, Nolan-Hoeksema y Schweizer, 2010). Si bien la regulación emocional ha sido estudiada en un amplio conjunto de entidades psicopatológicas, una importante proporción de los desarrollos están vinculados con los trastornos emocionales. En ese sentido, la producción exponencial en relación a la regulación emocional en depresión y ansiedad requiere de notables esfuerzos teóricos para integrar los resultados empíricos. Este trabajo se propone presentar una integración de los principales aportes de la regulación emocional en el campo de los trastornos emocionales, enfatizando su importancia para los abordajes transdiagnósticos. Con dicho objetivo se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura a través de una búsqueda ascendente (ancestry approach). Método: Se utiliza el modelo de regulación emocional propuesto por Gross (1998) para organizar la siguiente revisión, con las innovaciones que aporta la revisión extendida de dicho modelo (Sheppes, Suri y Gross, 2015). Resultados: A través del análisis de la bibliografía se destaca la predominancia del estudio de estrategias de regulación emocional individuales y encubiertas tales como la supresión, la reevaluación, la aceptación o la rumiación. Se plantean los desafíos futuros en el campo de estudio de la regulación emocional en la psicopatología.Introducction: Emotion regulation has become a topic of increasing interest, both at the level of basic research (Tamir, 2011) and applied fields, mainly clinical (Aldao, Nolan- Hoeksema y Schweizer, 2010). While emotional regulation has been studied in a wide range of psychopathological entities, a significant proportion of the developments are linked to emotional disorders. In that sense, the exponential production in relation efforts to integrate the existing empirical findings. This work aims to present an integration of the main contributions of emotion regulation in the field of emotional disorders, emphasizing its importance for transdiagnostic approaches. With this objective a review of the literature through an ancestry approach was carried out. Method: The emotion regulation model proposed by Gross (1998) is taken to organize the next revision, linking the content to some of the innovations provided by the extended model (Sheppes, Suri y Gross, 2015). Results: In the light of the findings a prevalence of individual and covert strategies of emotion regulation such as suppression, reappraisal, acceptance or rumination stands out. Future prospects of the field of emotion regulation are considered

Endogenous topoisomerase II-mediated DNA breaks drive thymic cancer predisposition linked to ATM deficiency

The ATM kinase is a master regulator of the DNA damage response to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and a well-established tumour suppressor whose loss is the cause of the neurodegenerative and cancer-prone syndrome Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T). A-T patients and Atm−/− mouse models are particularly predisposed to develop lymphoid cancers derived from deficient repair of RAG-induced DSBs during V(D)J recombination. Here, we unexpectedly find that specifically disturbing the repair of DSBs produced by DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) by genetically removing the highly specialised repair enzyme TDP2 increases the incidence of thymic tumours in Atm−/− mice. Furthermore, we find that TOP2 strongly colocalizes with RAG, both genome-wide and at V(D)J recombination sites, resulting in an increased endogenous chromosomal fragility of these regions. Thus, our findings demonstrate a strong causal relationship between endogenous TOP2-induced DSBs and cancer development, confirming these lesions as major drivers of ATM-deficient lymphoid malignancies, and potentially other conditions and cancer types.Junta de Andalucía SAF2010-21017, SAF2013-47343-P, SAF2014-55532-R, SAF2017-89619-R, CVI-7948European Research Council ERC-CoG-2014-64735

Production of Free Sugars by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Dictyota dichotoma

It is well-known that brown macroalgae can be used as a source of valuable sugars with different biological activities, but its polymeric macrostructures should be hydrolyzed for obtaining an acceptable yield. This study deals with the production of free sugars by the enzymatic hydrolysis of optimized biologically pretreated brown seaweed. The biological pretreatment was carried out using solid-state fermentation (SSF) with a white root fungus species (Aspergillus awamori). For this purpose, different temperature growth conditions (30ºC and 50ºC) and inoculum concentrations (106; 107 and 108 spores/g of dried solid) were tested for 20 days of the SSF process. In addition, different dosages of commercial hydrolytic enzyme cocktail Cellic® Ctec2 were tested for enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of D. dichotoma at a solid/liquid ratio of 2.2% w/v. Finally, biologically pretreated samples at optimum conditions (30ºC and inoculum size of 108 cel/mL) were hydrolyzed with commercial Cellic®Ctec2 at the optimum dosage (112FPU/g). The maximum reducing sugars concentration measured in the hydrolysates was 80 g/kg biomass. Further investigations increasing the solid-liquid ratio and reducing the enzyme dosage are necessary for the complete optimization of sugar production from D. dichotoma

Valorisation of the invasive alga Rugulopteryx okamurae through the production of monomeric sugars.

Rugulopteryx okamurae is an invasive brown alga causing severe environmental and economic problems on the western Mediterranean coasts. Thus, in addition to the difficulties caused to the fishing and tourism sectors, there is a need to manage its accumulation on the beaches. This work aims to valorise this waste by using it as raw material for producing monosaccharides through a two-stage sequential process. These sugars could be used for different fermentative processes to obtain high-value-added bioproducts. In this work, biological pretreatment of the previously conditioned seaweed with the fungus Aspergillus awamori in solid-state fermentation (SSF), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with a commercial enzyme cocktail, was performed. The effect of the extension of the biological pretreatment (2, 5, 8 and 12 days) on the subsequent release of total reducing sugars (TRS) in the enzymatic hydrolysis stage was studied. To analyse this effect, experimental data of TRS produced along the hydrolysis were fitted to simple first-order kinetics. Also, the secretion of cellulase and alginate lyase by the fungus, along with the biological pretreatment, was determined. The results suggest that 5 days of biological pretreatment of the macroalgae with A. awamori followed by enzymatic saccharification for 24 h with Cellic CTec2 (112 FP units/g of dry biomass) are the best conditions tested, allowing the production of around 240 g of TRS per kg of dried biomass. The main sugars obtained were glucose (95.8 %) and mannitol (1.5 %), followed by galactose (1 %), arabinose (0.9 %) and fucose (0.5 %). KEY POINTS: Five-day SSF by A. awamori was the best condition to pretreat R. okamurae. Five-day SSF was optimal for alginate lyase production (1.63 ±0.011 IU/g biomass). A maximum yield of 239 mg TRS/g biomass was obtained (with 95.8 % glucose)