Physical training programs in patients with stage V chronic kidney disease: a literature review

La actividad física se ha convertido en la herramienta terapéutica principal para una gran cantidad de patologías. Este hecho no ocurre para los pacientes que padecen enfermedad renal crónica en estadio terminal (ERC-V) y están siendo tratados con hemodiálisis (HD), por lo que a las comorbilidades inherentes a esta enfermedad se acaban sumando los provocados por la inactividad física, que progresivamente deterioran física, psicológica y fisiológicamente a estos pacientes hasta el punto de presentar mayores índices de morbi-mortalidad a causa del bajo nivel de actividad física que por la propia ERC. El objetivo de esta revisión es reunir información sobre los efectos a nivel morfológico, fisiológico, psicológico y funcional de los diferentes tipos de entrenamiento físico en pacientes sometidos a HD, además de elaborar una sesión de entrenamiento a modo de ejemplo práctico. Para ello se ha realizado una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos de ensayos controlados aleatorizados que hayan desarrollado un programa de entrenamiento y evaluado su impacto en esta población. Tras recoger y examinar 15 ensayos que cumplieran los criterios establecidos se llega a la conclusión de que el entrenamiento físico puede aportar numerosos beneficios que ayuden a mejorar la salud y calidad de vida de los pacientes. Abstract: Physical activity has become the main therapeutic tool for a large number of pathologies. This fact does not occur for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD-V) and are being treated with hemodialysis (HD), so that the comorbidities inherent in this disease end up adding those caused by physical inactivity, that progressively deteriorate these patients physically, psychologically and physiologically to the point of presenting higher morbidity and mortality rates due to the low level of physical activity than due to CKD itself. The objective of this review is to gather information on the morphological, physiological, psychological and functional effects of the different types of physical training in patients undergoing HD, in addition to preparing a training session as a practical example. To do this, a search was made in different databases of randomized controlled trials that have developed a training program and evaluated its impact on this population. After collecting and examining 15 trials that met the established criteria, it was concluded that physical training can provide numerous benefits that help improve the health and quality of life of patients

Dielectric properties enhancement of vegetal transformer oil with TiO2,CuO and ZnO nanoparticles

Nanofluids based on vegetal oils remain almost unexplored, especially when prepared with non-ferric oxide nanoparticles. This work has analysed the effect of three different nanoparticles on properties of a commercial vegetal oil. The first aim was to evaluate if there is an optimal concentration for dielectric improvement, and if the effect of different nanoparticles is similar. Secondly, other key properties were considered. The evaluated dielectric properties have been AC breakdown voltage, relative permittivity, volumetric resistivity and dissipation factor. The results are quite promising because dielectric properties have shown a considerable improvement. On the other hand, thermal conductivity or acidity test results, although adverse, were not definitive to refuse to continue this research.The authors of this research wish to thank the Ministry of Economy for financial support to the National Research Project: Improvement of Insulation Systems of Transformers through Dielectric Nanofluids (DPI2015-71219-C2 1-R). Also Mr. Olmo would like to acknowledge to the University of Cantabria and the Government of Cantabria for the financial support for the Ph. D. scholarship (CVE-2016-6626)

Nonnegative solutions to an elliptic problem with nonlinear absorption and a nonlinear incoming flux on the boundary

In this paper we perform an extensive study of the existence, uniqueness (or multiplicity) and stability of nonnegative solutions to the semilinear elliptic equation −∆u = λu − u p in Ω, with the nonlinear boundary condition ∂u/∂ν = u r on ∂Ω. Here Ω is a smooth bounded domain of IRd with outward unit normal ν, λ is a real parameter and p, r > 0. We also give the precise behavior of solutions for large |λ| in the cases where they exist. The proofs are mainly based on bifurcation techniques, sub-supersolutions and variational methods.Ministerio de Ciencia y TecnologíaFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regiona

La educación superior latinoamericana en el inicio del nuevo siglo. Situación, principales problemas y perspectivas futuras

Overcame initial effects of severe economic crisis that affected the region in the beginning of this century, several Latin American countries developed educational policies aimed at promoting full inclusion in education that guarantees the right to education for all citizens, mainly for most disadvantaged sectors, traditionally excluded. Thus it has sought to increase coverage, improve performance indicators and educational efficiency and to promote higher levels of graduation, attacking registered levels of inequality. Higher Education, specifically University, was perhaps the level of education with highest incidence and focus by democratizing policies, probably due to high inequality existing in access -even considering the mass growth verified in last decades of past century-, strong segmentation and institutional fragmentation and heterogeneous quality. Data about its evolution demonstrate a important democratization of higher education systems in Latin America in the last decade, moving in the way of mentioned objectives. A relative higher improvement is also seen in sectors with less educational capital compared to those who have a longer tradition of access to educational services. However, these progresses -based on a general social and economic indicators improvement - don’t structurally modify inequality levels expressed at university level. Paper also presents a regional situation with regard to main problems that university administration must address and to current quality assurance models to evaluate programs and higher education institutions. However, in this sense, Latin American higher education shows a strong heterogeneity and difficulties to account for new requirements, which also question progresses achieved.Superados los efectos iniciales de las graves crisis económicas del inicio del presente siglo que afectaron la región, varios países de América Latina desarrollaron políticas educativas tendientes a fomentar la inclusión plena en la educación que garantice el derecho a la educación para toda la ciudadanía -fundamentalmente para los sectores más desfavorecidos, tradicionalmente excluidos- buscando incrementar la cobertura, mejorar los indicadores de eficacia y eficiencia educativa y promover mayores niveles de graduación, atacando los significativos niveles de desigualdad. La Educación Superior, en particular la Universidad, fue el nivel educativo en que esta orientación de las políticas democratizadoras tuvo mayor incidencia y foco, probablemente debido a su alta desigualdad en el acceso –aun considerando la masificación verificada en las últimas décadas del milenio pasado-, la fuerte segmentación y fragmentación institucional y su heterogénea calidad. Los resultados de la evolución permiten demostrar una significativa democratización de los sistemas de educación superior de América Latina en la última década, avanzando en la dirección de los objetivos mencionados. También se aprecia una mejora relativa superior en los sectores con menor capital educativo en comparación con los de aquellos que poseen una mayor tradición de acceso a los servicios educativos. Sin embargo, estos avances -conseguidos sobre la base de un mejoramiento general de los indicadores socioeconómicos- no logran torcer todavía, de manera estructural, los niveles de desigualdad que se expresan a nivel universitario. El trabajo presenta también la situación regional respecto de las principales problemáticas que la gestión universitaria debe atender y el modelo de aseguramiento de la calidad vigentes para evaluar las carreras e instituciones de educación superior. En este último sentido, la educación superior latinoamericana –sin embargo- manifiesta una fuerte heterogeneidad y dificultades para dar cuenta de las nuevas exigencias a las que está sometido, que también ponen en cuestión los avances alcanzados.

Impacto de la provisión del impuesto sobre la renta en los resultados económicos del sector manufacturero y minero en Colombia /

Para el desarrollo de los objetivos, escogimos los sectores que generan mayores impuestos en Colombia, los cuales son; el sector minero y el sector industrial o manufacturero. El sector minero cuenta con una participación del 41,06% del impuesto de renta y complementario total nacional, seguido del sector manufacturero con una participación del 11,61% abarcando entre los dos un porcentaje superior al 50% de la contribución total según los datos de recaudo de la DIAN (Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales). En el sector minero se encuentran conglomeradas todas las actividades relacionadas con la explotación de hidrocarburos, gases minerales y similares. Es uno de los principales sectores de Colombia, puesto que está entre los que generan principal interés de inversión extranjera y a su vez está entre los que más exportan. Por otra parte, el sector industrial es aquel que se encarga de transformar los insumos y materias primas en productos terminados para poder ser comercializados o vendidos. Por su gran extensión y diversidad, el sector manufacturero abarca una gran participación en el PIB nacional al igual que en el recaudo total del impuesto de renta. Por lo anterior, podemos pensar que para proyectar el tributo de estos sectores, es necesario tener; aparte de las cifras históricas y de unas tendencias porcentuales, una compilación de las principales variables que hacen que la utilidad contable y la base gravable fiscal fluctúen. A continuación, expondremos los resultados del estudio del impacto de calcular el impuesto con tasas nominales, con una previa compilación de las partidas responsables de los cambios entre la renta o base gravable fiscal y la utilidad contable y por último se harán las conclusiones y recomendaciones de lo investigado.Incluye bibliografí

Improving Authentication in the Amazon Alexa Virtual Assistant by Using a Geofence

Cursos e Congresos , C-155[Abstract] Amazon Alexa processes voice commands as input to help users perform tasks. For protecting this commands, Amazon Alexa implements some security measures. These security measures, such as voice recognition and user’s PIN, do not have the ability to mitigate replay attacks. In order to mitigate replay attacks, in this paper, we propose an authentication method based on Geofencing, consisting of (1) an Android application and (2) an Alexa Skill. By using the Android application, the user is able to configure a geofence near the Amazon Echo smart speaker. The developed Alexa Skill only accepts requests when the user is within the established geofence. This method mitigates replay attacks: an attacker could only try to use a replay attack when the legitimate user is close to the speaker, making it unfeasibleThis work was supported by the grant ED431C 2022/46 – Competitive Reference Groups GRC – funded by: EU and ”Xunta de Galicia” (Spain). This work was also supported by CITIC, funded by ”Xunta de Galicia” through the collaboration agreement between the ”Consellería de Cultura, Educaci´on, Formaci´on Profesional e Universidades” and the Galician universities to strengthen the research centres of the ”Sistema Universitario de Galicia” (CIGUS). Also, the work is founded by the ”Formaci´on de Profesorado Universitario” (FPU) grant from the Spanish Ministry of Universities to Marti ˜no Rivera Dourado (Grant FPU21/04519)This work was supported by the grant ED431C 2022/46 – Competitive Reference Groups GRC – funded by: EU and ”Xunta de Galicia” (Spain). This work was also supported by CITIC, funded by ”Xunta de Galicia” through the collaboration agreement between the ”Consellería de Cultura, Educaci´on, Formaci´on Profesional e Universidades” and the Galician universities to strengthen the research centres of the ”Sistema Universitario de Galicia” (CIGUS). Also, the work is founded by the ”Formación de Profesorado Universitario” (FPU) grant from the Spanish Ministry of Universities to Marti ˜no Rivera Dourado (Grant FPU21/04519)

Especial

Peer Reviewe

Tres autores a la búsqueda de figuras ocultas del paisaje

El paisaje pareciera referir en mayor medida a aquello que se encuentra fuera de nosotros, a aquello que nos rodea, el presente artículo es el inicio de una investigación que intenta profundizar en una dirección distinta: que el paisaje connota una dimensión humana interior que sin embargo, en estos tiempos parece quedar escondida en pos de una instrumentalización del concepto determinada por la posmodernidad y la sociedad de consumo. Entendiendo esa invisibilización actual es posible que la arquitectura actúe como un dispositivo que abre la puerta a la percepción de esas dimensiones ontológicas que el paisaje trae consigo.The landscape seems to refer more to that which is outside of us, to that which surrounds us, the present article is the beginning of an investigation that tries to deepen in a different direction: that the landscape connotes an inner human dimension that without However, in these times it seems hidden behind an instrumentalization of the concept determined by postmodernity and consumer society. Understanding this current invisibilization is possible that the architecture acts as a device that opens the door to the perception of those ontological dimensions that the landscape with it

Experimental and theoretical evidence of the first Au(I)Bi(III) interaction

3 pages, 3 figures, 1 scheme.-- Published as an advance article on the web 15th Nov. 2006.Complex [Au(C6F5)2][Bi(C6H4CH2NMe2-2)2] 1 displays the first example of an interaction between Au(I) and Bi(III), the nature of which is shown to be consistent with the presence of a high ionic contribution (79%) and a dispersion type (van der Waals) interaction (21%).The D.G.I.(MEC)/FEDER (CTQ2004-05495) project is acknowledged. M. Monge thanks the MEC-UR for his contract ‘‘Ramón y Cajal’’. EC through the Socrates/Erasmus program (M. Nema) and a NATO research fellowship (C. Silvestru) are also acknowledged.Peer reviewe

The influence of cutting edge microgeometry on the broaching of Inconel 718 slots

In aero-engine production, the dovetails (firtrees) of turbine discs are manufactured by broaching. Introducing innovative micro-geometry modifications to broaching tools can significantly influence cutting force, energy consumption, tool wear, and cutting edge temperature during broaching. Therefore, this study aims to study this influence by treating the cutting edge by brushing with ceramic bristles. The results reveal that the increase in cutting edge radius significantly influences the cutting force, particularly its component in the forward direction, equating it to the tangential component. Furthermore, during the experimental tests, considerable wear was observed on the cutting edge, which generated strong vibrations detected through the force signals, accounting to poor surface quality and a higher coefficient of friction close to 1. The 2D simulations generated information on temperature distribution along the cutting edge profile. On the other hand, was observed the presence of subsurface damage characterized by distorted grain boundaries aligned with the cutting direction, along with the formation of uninterrupted non-serrated chips due to thermoplastic deformation. Further, 12 µm cutting edge radius exhibits the best performance in terms of cutting force, temperature, and surface quality.“This research was funded by the Ministry of Mineco Grant PID2019-109340RB-I00 and PDC2021-121792-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033. Thanks, are also due to European commission by H2020 project n. 958,357 InterQ Interlinked Process, Product and Data Quality framework for Zero-Defects Manufacturing. Experiments were performed by help of project (QUOLINK TED2021-130044B-I00) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación 2021. In aspects related with modelling, support from the University Excellency groups grant by Basque Government IT 1573–22”