Examination of two hydration protocols during simulated forced marching under acute heat stress

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the effects of ingesting either water or 6% solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, and water on hydration status during simulated military road marching in hot environmental conditions. Five volunteer male subjects completed two 60 minute experimental trials exercising at a high intensity (RER .90-.95) in an improvised environmental chamber (29.7 + or - .18oC, 11.3 + or - 2.13% relative humidity) in full army combat uniform carrying 18.18kg of equipment. Random assignment of either water or solution was completed prior to trial 1, and consumption of the unselected protocol was completed during trial 2. Variables monitored included heart rate, core temperature, stroke volume, bodyweight loss, blood pressure, and hematocrit. Statistical analysis using MANOVA resulted in no statistically significant differences between trials for these variables. Post 30min data demonstrate consistent trends towards water being more effective at maintaining physiological markers of hydration compared to 6% solution during 60 minutes of intense exercise in high heat

TESTING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE XOS MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM AT MEASURING COUNTER MOVEMENT VERTICAL JUMP

The purpose of this study is to conduct simultaneous measurement of CMVJH using the XOS motion capture system and the Vertec system. Ten participants (body height: 170.17 cm ± 13.4, body weight: 79.76 kg ± 17.72) from the Marshall University student body comprised the testing group. Participants were instructed on proper CMVJ technique. Five practice jumps at 50% effort were conducted. Participants donned a compression suit with reflective markers. The paired t-tests indicated that a difference existed in CMVJ height measured between the Vertec and the XOS VJ was (p= .000), SEM of 1.4 with a .823 correlation and the Vertec and the XOS COG was also (p= .000), SEM of 1.42 with a correlation of .788. A marked difference exists between the XOS SportMotion capture system’s methods of measuring CMVJ height when compared to Vertec measurement

Build an app and they will come? Lessons learnt from trialling the GetThereBus app in rural communities

Acknowledgements The research described here was supported by the award made by the RCUK Digital Economy programme to the dot.rural Digital Economy Hub; award reference: EP/G066051/1.Peer reviewedPostprin

Made-up rubbish: design fiction as a tool for participatory Internet of Things research.

As Internet of Things (IoT) technologies become embedded in public infrastructure, it is important that we consider how they may introduce new challenges in areas such as privacy and governance. Public technology implementations can be more democratically developed by facilitating citizen participation during the design process, but this can be challenging. This work demonstrates a novel method for participatory research considering the privacy implications of IoT deployments in public spaces, through the use of world building design fictions. Using three fictional contexts and their associated tangible design fiction objects, we report on findings to inform transparency and governance in public space IoT deployments

Towards automated privacy risk assessments in IoT systems

M4IOT 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 Workshop on Middleware and Applications for the Internet of Things, Part of Middleware 2018 Conference 10 December 2018, Pages 15-18 2018 Workshop on Middleware and Applications for the Internet of Things, M4IOT 2018, Part of Middleware 2018 Conference; Rennes; France; 10 December 2018 through 11 December 2018; Code 144683 The work described here was funded by the award made by the RCUK Digital Economy programme to the University of Aberdeen (EP/N028074/1) and City, University of London (EP/N028155/1).Postprin

Developmental dynamics of cone photoreceptors in the eel

Background: Many fish alter their expressed visual pigments during development. The number of retinal opsins expressed and their type is normally related to the environment in which they live. Eels are known to change the expression of their rod opsins as they mature, but might they also change the expression of their cone opsins?Results: The Rh2 and Sws2 opsin sequences from the European Eel were isolated, sequenced and expressed in vitro for an accurate measurement of their lambda(max) values. In situ hybridisation revealed that glass eels express only rh2 opsin in their cone photoreceptors, while larger yellow eels continue to express rh2 opsin in the majority of their cones, but also have <5% of cones which express sws2 opsin. Silver eels showed the same expression pattern as the larger yellow eels. This observation was confirmed by qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction).Conclusions: Larger yellow and silver European eels express two different cone opsins, rh2 and sws2. This work demonstrates that only the Rh2 cone opsin is present in younger fish (smaller yellow and glass), the sws2 opsin being expressed additionally only by older fish and only in <5% of cone cells

TravelBot:Utilising Social Media Dialogue to Provide Journey Disruption Alerts

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research described here is supported by the award made by the RCUK Digital Economy programme to the dot.rural Digital Economy Research Hub; award reference: EP/G066051/1. We extend our grateful thanks to the participants who have contributed to the studies throughout, and to the industry partner FirstGroup plc for their support.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

TravelBot:Journey Disruption Alerts Utilising Social Media and Linked Data

Postprin

Objects, actions, and images: a perspective on early number development

It is the purpose of this article to present a review of research evidence that indicates the existence of qualitatively different thinking in elementary number development. In doing so, the article summarizes empirical evidence obtained over a period of 10 years. This evidence first signaled qualitative differences in numerical processing, and was seminal in the development of the notion of procept. More recently, it examines the role of imagery in elementary number processing. Its conclusions indicate that in the abstraction of numerical concepts from numerical processes qualitatively different outcomes may arise because children concentrate on different objects or different aspects of the objects, which are components of numerical processing

Opioid-Prescribing Practices for Post-Operative Patients in Otolaryngology: A Multiphasic Quality Improvement Project in a Single Large Institution

Objectives: In otolaryngology, postoperative pain management lacks evidence-based guidelines. We investigated opioid prescription and consumption for common procedures to develop prescribing guidelines at our institution. Study Design: Prospective, survey study. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery between July and September were given surveys upon discharge and at first follow-up visit. We assessed opioid usage and pain using the visual analog scale and opioid consumption throughout the postoperative period. Opioid prescriptions were converted to a standardized unit of 5 mg Oxycodone pills for reporting. Four procedures (transoral robotic surgery resection [TORS], sialendoscopy, parathyroidectomy/thyroidectomy, and parotidectomy) were selected for isolated analysis. Results: Of the 80 surveys that met criteria for inclusion for analysis, a total of 1,954.0 pills were prescribed, with 300.3 pills (15.4%) reported having been used by patients, leaving 1,653.7 pills (84.5%) unused. TORS (n=12) average pills used: 4.9 ± 5.9 (95% CI: 1.6-8.3); total % pills unused: 89.3%. Sialendoscopy (n=13) average pills used: 4.2 ± 5.1 (95% CI: 1.1-7.4); total % pills unused: 72.5%. Parathyroidectomy/thyroidectomy (n=22) average pills used: 3.1 ± 4.4 (95% CI: 1.7-5.5); total % pills unused: 79.2%. Parotidectomy (n=12) average pills used: 1.3 ± 2.5 (95% CI: 0.7-4.3); total % pills unused: 94.7%. Conclusions: At our institution, opioids for ((postoperative otolaryngology)) patients’ pain management in otolaryngologic procedures were prescribed in excess with 84.5% reported as unused. Procedure-specific opioid diversion pool ranged from 72.5%-94.7%. Our findings provide a foundation for procedure-specific evidence-based opioid prescription guidelines