8 research outputs found
Democracy, protest and public sphere in Russia after the 2011â2012 anti-government protests: digital media at stake
The 2011â2012 Russian protest mobilisations were largely enabled by the rise of social networks. Social and technological advancements paired to pave the way for the âbiggest protests since the fall of USSRâ. Ubiquitous and uncensored social media facilitated the networking and mobilisation for this protest activity: Liberal masses were able to share and discuss their grievances, unite and coordinate online for the offline protest. The digitally savvy protest public developed to confront the government, which appeared to be astonished by the scale of protest. Those mobilisations marked an important gap between the governmentâs conception of the society and the real state of resistance. This article studies three main hypotheses regarding the potential of the protest movement in Russia. The hypotheses were drawn from recent sociological, political and media studies on Russian resistance. Current research aims to contribute to the debate from the digital media perspective. It therefore evaluates three main assumptions: Digital media have the potential to empower, dependent upon the relevant political, social and economic factors; digital media isolates protest publics and therefore may be more useful for the government than the resistance; and recent censorship of digital media communication signals a tightening of both formal and informal restrictions against opposition and protest politics. This article uses theoretical and factual evidence on the limitations of democracy and the public sphere and conceptualises the governmentâs management of resistance in Russia during and after the 2011â2012 protests. It studies how the hybrid political regime in Russia balances restrictions on freedom of speech with strengthened state propaganda and how it mediates media oppression and invites self-censorship. Finally, it examines how the state communication watchdog has recently focused its attention at the digital realm. This move confirms the importance of the online protest communication for the Russian political environment. Yet the stateâs acknowledgement of digital political resistance may lead to further oppression and curbing of this emerging component of Russian politics
Micromechanical Properties of Injection-Molded StarchâWood Particle Composites
The micromechanical properties of injection molded starchâwood particle composites were investigated as a function of particle content and humidity conditions.
The composite materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. The microhardness
of the composites was shown to increase notably with the concentration of the wood particles. In addition,creep behavior under the indenter and temperature dependence
were evaluated in terms of the independent contribution of the starch matrix and the wood microparticles to the hardness value. The influence of drying time on the density
and weight uptake of the injection-molded composites was highlighted. The results revealed the role of the mechanism of water evaporation, showing that the dependence of water uptake and temperature was greater for the starchâwood composites than for the pure starch sample. Experiments performed during the drying process at 70°C indicated that
the wood in the starch composites did not prevent water loss from the samples.Peer reviewe
ĐĐĐŻĐĄĐĐźĐĐĐĐŹĐĐ ĐĐĐĐĐĄĐĐ ĐșĐČĐ°Đ»ŃŃŃĐșĐ°ŃŃĐčĐœĐŸŃ ŃĐŸĐ±ĐŸŃĐž баĐșалаĐČŃĐ° ŃŃŃĐŽĐ”ĐœŃĐ° ĐĐ°ŃĐłĐ°ĐœĐŸĐČĐ°_ĐĐŒĐžŃŃĐ°_ĐĐŒĐžŃŃĐŸĐČĐžŃĐ° ĐœĐ°ĐżŃŃĐŒŃ ĐżŃĐŽĐłĐŸŃĐŸĐČĐșĐž 124 ĐĄĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐœĐžĐč Đ°ĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐ·
ĐбâŃĐșŃ ĐŽĐŸŃĐ»ŃĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ â ĐżŃĐŽĐżŃĐžŃĐŒŃŃĐČĐŸ ĐĐĐšĐР«ХĐПХКĐĐ Đ· ĐșŃĐœĐœĐŸĐłĐŸ ŃĐżĐŸŃŃŃ» ĐĐĐ .
ĐŃĐ”ĐŽĐŒĐ”Ń ĐŽĐŸŃĐ»ŃĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ â ĐżŃĐžĐłĐŸŃŃĐČĐ°ĐœĐœŃ ĐșĐŸŃĐŒŃĐČ ĐŽĐ»Ń ĐłĐŸĐŽŃĐČĐ°ĐœĐœŃ ŃŃĐ”ĐœĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ
Ń ŃĐżĐŸŃŃĐžĐČĐœĐžŃ
ĐșĐŸĐœĐ”Đč.
ĐĐ”ŃĐ° ĐŽĐŸŃĐ»ŃĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ: ĐŸĐżŃĐžĐŒŃĐ·Đ°ŃŃŃ ĐČĐžŃŃĐ°Ń ĐżŃĐŽĐżŃĐžŃĐŒŃŃĐČĐ° ŃĐ»ŃŃ
ĐŸĐŒ ŃĐŽĐŸŃĐșĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»Đ”ĐœĐœŃ ŃĐ”Ń
ĐœĐŸĐ»ĐŸĐłŃĐč ĐČĐžŃĐŸĐ±ĐœĐžŃŃĐČĐ° Ń ŃĐ”ŃДпŃŃĐČ ĐșĐŸŃĐŒŃĐČ ĐŽĐ»Ń ŃŃĐ”ĐœĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ
Ń ŃĐżĐŸŃŃĐžĐČĐœĐžŃ
ĐșĐŸĐœĐ”Đč, ĐżŃĐŽĐČĐžŃĐ”ĐœĐœŃ ŃŃ
ŃĐșĐŸŃŃŃ ŃĐ° Đ·ĐœĐžĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ ĐżĐžŃĐŸĐŒĐžŃ
ĐČĐžŃŃĐ°Ń ĐœĐ° ĐČĐžŃĐŸĐ±ĐœĐžŃŃĐČĐŸ.
ĐĐ”ŃĐŸĐŽĐž ĐŽĐŸŃĐ»ŃĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ: ĐŒĐ”ŃĐŸĐŽĐž багаŃĐŸĐșŃĐžŃĐ”ŃŃĐ°Đ»ŃĐœĐŸŃ ŃĐ° ĐœĐ”ŃŃŃĐșĐŸŃ ĐŸĐżŃĐžĐŒŃĐ·Đ°ŃŃŃ
ĐĐșĐŸĐœĐŸĐŒŃŃĐœĐ° Đ”ŃĐ”ĐșŃĐžĐČĐœŃŃŃŃ: ĐŸŃŃĐșŃŃŃŃŃŃ ĐżĐŸĐ·ĐžŃĐžĐČĐœĐŸŃ Đ·Đ°ĐČĐŽŃĐșĐž ŃĐŸĐ·ŃĐŸĐ±ŃŃ ĐŸĐżŃĐžĐŒĐ°Đ»ŃĐœĐžŃ
ĐșĐŸŃĐŒĐŸĐČĐžŃ
ŃŃĐŒŃŃĐ”Đč, ŃĐșŃ ĐŽĐŸĐ·ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃŃŃ ĐŸŃŃĐžĐŒŃĐČĐ°ŃĐž бŃĐ»ŃŃĐ” ĐșĐŸŃĐžŃŃŃ ĐŽĐ»Ń ĐșĐŸĐœĐ”Đč ŃĐ° Đ·ĐœĐžĐ·ĐžŃĐž ĐČĐžŃŃĐ°ŃĐž ĐœĐ° ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżĐŸĐœĐ”ĐœŃĐž, ŃĐ” ĐŽĐŸĐ·ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃ Đ·Đ±ŃĐ»ŃŃĐžŃĐž ĐżŃОбŃŃĐŸĐș ĐżŃĐŽĐżŃĐžŃĐŒŃŃĐČĐ°.ĐĐČĐ°Đ»ŃŃŃĐșĐ°ŃŃĐčĐœĐ° ŃĐŸĐ±ĐŸŃĐ° ŃŃŃĐżĐ”ĐœŃ Đ±Đ°ĐșалаĐČŃ ĐœĐ°ĐżŃŃĐŒŃ ĐżŃĐŽĐłĐŸŃĐŸĐČĐșĐž 124 ĐĄĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐœĐžĐč Đ°ĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐ·, ĐйУ "ĐĐœŃĐżŃĐŸĐČŃŃĐșĐ° ĐżĐŸĐ»ŃŃĐ”Ń
ĐœŃĐșĐ°", ĐŒ. ĐĐœŃĐżŃĐŸ, 2020 Ń.
ĐŃĐ°ĐșŃĐžŃĐœĐ° ŃŃĐœĐœŃŃŃŃ ŃĐŸĐ±ĐŸŃĐž ĐżĐŸĐ»ŃĐłĐ°Ń Ń ŃĐŸĐ·ŃĐŸĐ±ŃŃ ĐŒĐ°ŃĐ”ĐŒĐ°ŃĐžŃĐœĐžŃ
ĐŒĐŸĐŽĐ”Đ»Đ”Đč, ŃĐșŃ ĐŽĐŸĐ·ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃŃŃ ĐČĐžĐ·ĐœĐ°ŃĐžŃĐž ĐŸĐżŃĐžĐŒĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃ ŃŃĐŒŃŃ ĐșĐŸŃĐŒŃ, ĐșĐŸŃŃĐ° бŃĐŽĐ” ĐČŃĐŽĐżĐŸĐČŃĐŽĐ°ŃĐž ĐœĐ”ĐŸĐ±Ń
ŃĐŽĐœĐžĐŒ ŃĐŒĐŸĐČĐ°ĐŒ
The Effects of Cinacalcet in Older and Younger Patients on Hemodialysis: The Evaluation of Cinacalcet HCl Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events (EVOLVE) Trial.
This article contains supplemental material online at http://cjasn.
asnjournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2215/CJN.07730814/-/
DCSupplemental.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The calcimimetic cinacalcet reduced the risk of death or cardiovascular (CV) events in older, but not younger, patients with moderate to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) who were receiving hemodialysis. To determine whether the lower risk in younger patients might be due to lower baseline CV risk and more frequent use of cointerventions that reduce parathyroid hormone (kidney transplantation, parathyroidectomy, and commercial cinacalcet use), this study examined the effects of cinacalcet in older (â„65 years, n=1005) and younger (3-fold higher in younger relative to older patients and were more frequent in patients randomized to placebo. In older patients, the adjusted relative hazard (95% confidence interval) for the primary composite (CV) end point (cinacalcet versus placebo) was 0.70 (0.60 to 0.81); in younger patients, the relative hazard was 0.97 (0.86 to 1.09). Corresponding adjusted relative hazards for mortality were 0.68 (0.51 to 0.81) and 0.99 (0.86 to 1.13). Reduction in the risk of severe unremitting HPT was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In the EVOLVE trial, cinacalcet decreased the risk of death and of major CV events in older, but not younger, patients with moderate to severe HPT who were receiving hemodialysis. Effect modification by age may be partly explained by differences in underlying CV risk and differential application of cointerventions that reduce parathyroid hormone.The Evaluation of Cinacalcet HCl Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events (EVOLVE) trial was funded by Amgen
Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation
Contains fulltext :
125374.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Edoxaban is a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor with proven antithrombotic effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of edoxaban as compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation is not known. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial comparing two once-daily regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in 21,105 patients with moderate-to-high-risk atrial fibrillation (median follow-up, 2.8 years). The primary efficacy end point was stroke or systemic embolism. Each edoxaban regimen was tested for noninferiority to warfarin during the treatment period. The principal safety end point was major bleeding. RESULTS: The annualized rate of the primary end point during treatment was 1.50% with warfarin (median time in the therapeutic range, 68.4%), as compared with 1.18% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.79; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.99; P<0.001 for noninferiority) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 1.07; 97.5% CI, 0.87 to 1.31; P=0.005 for noninferiority). In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend favoring high-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.87; 97.5% CI, 0.73 to 1.04; P=0.08) and an unfavorable trend with low-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 1.13; 97.5% CI, 0.96 to 1.34; P=0.10). The annualized rate of major bleeding was 3.43% with warfarin versus 2.75% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.91; P<0.001) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.55; P<0.001). The corresponding annualized rates of death from cardiovascular causes were 3.17% versus 2.74% (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; P=0.01), and 2.71% (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96; P=0.008), and the corresponding rates of the key secondary end point (a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, or death from cardiovascular causes) were 4.43% versus 3.85% (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.96; P=0.005), and 4.23% (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05; P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Both once-daily regimens of edoxaban were noninferior to warfarin with respect to the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism and were associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and death from cardiovascular causes. (Funded by Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00781391.)