Futebol e identidade na Guerra Civil Iugoslava

No mundo contemporâneo é comum ouvirmos que futebol e política não se misturam, o código de ética da FIFA atesta que todos sob sua administração devem manter-se politicamente neutros, sob pena de punição administrativa. Esta afirmação frequentemente não corresponde à realidade dos fatos. Esporte e política caminham lado a lado em níveis profundos da sociedade, inclusive este código de ética da entidade controladora do futebol no mundo é um exemplo da relação política envolvendo o esporte. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a relação político-identitária do futebol na República Socialista Federal da Iugoslávia, em um primeiro momento utilizado como centralizador de uma identidade única entre os países membros, personificada por Josip Broz Tito e seu ideal de “unidade e irmandade” e posteriormente, em particular após a morte de Tito, como veículo de expressão, construção e representação de um sentimento/identidade nacional específico de cada república, germinando a conjuntura que levou a eclosão da Guerra Civil. Trataremos aqui em especial da Sérvia e da Croácia

Are torque values of preadjusted brackets precise?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to verify the torque precision of metallic brackets with MBT prescription using the canine brackets as the representative sample of six commercial brands. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty maxillary and 20 mandibular canine brackets of one of the following commercial brands were selected: 3M Unitek, Abzil, American Orthodontics, TP Orthodontics, Morelli and Ortho Organizers. The torque angle, established by reference points and lines, was measured by an operator using an optical microscope coupled to a computer. The values were compared to those established by the MBT prescription. RESULTS: The results showed that for the maxillary canine brackets, only the Morelli torque (-3.33º) presented statistically significant difference from the proposed values (-7º). For the mandibular canines, American Orthodontics (-6.34º) and Ortho Organizers (-6.25º) presented statistically significant differences from the standards (-6º). Comparing the brands, Morelli presented statistically significant differences in comparison with all the other brands for maxillary canine brackets. For the mandibular canine brackets, there was no statistically significant difference between the brands. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant variations in torque values of some of the brackets assessed, which would clinically compromise the buccolingual positioning of the tooth at the end of orthodontic treatment

O jovem Engels e o Esboço da crítica da economia política, de 1844

Resumo: O seguinte artigo visa reconstituir parcialmente o percurso político e teórico de Friedrich Engels entre os anos de 1838-1844, a fim de compreender a adesão deste ao movimento operário europeu e a proposta de iniciar um programa de investigação e revisão crítica dos pressupostos da economia política clássica conforme apresentado no ensaio Umrisse zu einer Kritik der Nationalökonomie [Esboço de uma crítica da Economia Política] [1844]. O valor do Esboço de 1844 deve-se a significativa relevância deste na iniciação de Karl Marx nos estudos da economia política, que décadas mais tarde resultaria em sua magnum opus, O Capital. O artigo divide-se em três partes: (1) síntese da história e do desenvolvimento da economia política anterior a 1844; (2) resumo biográfico de Engels entre os anos de 1838-1844; (3) comentários sobre o Esboço de 1844, destacando seu pioneirismo para a futura crítica marxiana da economia política. Abstract: The following article aims at partially reconstructing Friedrich Engels’ political and theoretical course between the years 1838-1444, in order to understand his adherence to the European labor movement and the proposal to initiate a program of investigation and critical review of the presuppositions of classical political economy as presented in the essay Umrisse zu einer Kritik der Nationalökonomie [Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy] [1844]. The value of the 1844 Outline is due its relevance in the initiation of Karl Marx in the studies of the political economy, that decades later would result in its magnum opus, Capital. The article is divided into three parts: (1) synthesis of the history and development of political economy prior to 1844; (2) biographical summary of Engels between the years 1838-1844; (3) comments on the 1844 Outline, highlighting its pioneering approach to the future Marxian critique of political economy

Melatonin bioengineered: A New Possible Strategy for Treatment of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is an important public health problem, with an estimated 3.2 million new cases by the year 2050. Diet plays a key role in the etiology of breast cancer and breastfeeding is associated with a lower incidence of breast cancer. On the other hand, the improvement of the therapeutic properties of bioactive compounds through their incorporation into microcarriers is an important strategy in obtaining new therapies, since cyclical changes in concentration are eliminated; there is biological availability of the compound as well as the reduction in toxicity, number dose and suppression of adverse reactions. Studies using hormones such as melatonin extracted from human milk adsorbed onto polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres showed that the controlled release of this compound was able to reduce viability and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines. Colostrum differs from most of the secretions because it contains viable leukocytes during the first days of lactation with a quantity and activity comparable to blood leukocytes, and has several defense components such as antibodies and hormones, such as melatonin (MLT). This review details the influence of the soluble and cellular components present in human colostrum, such as the MLT hormone, as the modified release systems influence the action of MLT and the possible mechanisms involved that contribute to the hypothesis of reduction of breast cancer in women who breastfed

Progesterone receptor gene polymorphism (PROGINS) in women with pelvic endometriosis

OBJECTIVE: the aim of the present study was to verify whether there is a correlation between the prevalence of the polymorphism in the progesterone receptor gene named PROGINS and pelvic endometriosis at different stages. METHODS: a case-control study carried out from November 2003 to May 2004. The genotypes of 104 women were analyzed 66 women had had surgically confirmed endometriosis (26 women at stages I-II and 40 at stages III-IV), and 38 were healthy women. The 306-base pair Alu insertion polymorphism in the intron G of the progesterone receptor gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction and analyzed on 2% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide. ANOVA analysis was performed in order to make comparisons between among the studied groups. RESULTS: the groups of women with endometriosis stages I-II (EndoI group) and stages III-IV (EndoII group) showed statistically significant increased incidence of PROGINS polymorphic allele as compared with the control group: 27% in the EndoI group, 38% in EndoII and 18% in the control group (p < 0.001. In the analyses, a high frequency of the PROGINS insertion was observed in women with endometriosis as compared to healthy women, disregarding the clinical stage of the disease (p = 0.0385). CONCLUSION: there is a significant statistical association between the PROGINS polymorphism and pelvic endometriosis.OBJETIVO: o objetivo do estudo foi verificar a prevalência do polimorfismo denominado PROGINS no gene do receptor de progesterona entre mulheres com endometriose em seus diferentes estádios. MÉTODOS: estudo caso-controle desenvolvido entre novembro de 2003 e maio de 2004. Foram analisados os genótipos de 104 mulheres, das quais 66 com endometriose comprovada por videolaparoscopia (26 mulheres nos estádios I-II e 40 nos estádios III-IV) e 38 saudáveis. A inserção Alu de 306 pares de base no intron G do gene do receptor de progesterona denominada PROGINS foi detectada por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase e analisada em gel de agarose 2% corado com brometo de etídio. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste ANOVA paramétrico. RESULTADOS: as amostras pertencentes aos grupos endometriose estádios I-II (grupo EndoI) e estádios III-IV (grupo EndoII) tiveram significativo aumento na incidência do alelo polimórfico do receptor de progesterona em relação ao grupo controle: 27% no grupo EndoI, 38% no EndoII e apenas 18% no grupo controle (p < 0,001). A prevalência da inserção, quando comparamos mulheres com endometriose, independente do estádio, com as do grupo controle, foi estatisticamente superior no grupo das doentes (p = 0,0385). CONCLUSÃO: há associação estatisticamente significante entre o polimorfismo PROGINS e a endometriose pélvica.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de GinecologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de GinecologiaSciEL

Peginterferon plus ribavirin and sustained virological response rate in HCV-related advanced fibrosis: a real life study

Background: Tolerance and response to antiviral HCV treatment is poor in advanced fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess SVR rate and its predictive factors in HCV advanced fibrosis patients treated in real life with full dose PEG-IFN plus RBV and to evaluate the adverse events related to treatment. Methods: A multicentric, retrospective study was conducted at six university hospitals. METAVIR F3 and F4 HCV monoinfected patients who were treated with PEG-IFN and RBV had their data analyzed. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the variables independently related to SVR. Adverse events were recorded during treatment. Results: 308 patients were included, 75% genotype 1 and 23% genotype 3. METAVIR F3 was present in 39% and F4 in 61% of patients. The median Child Pugh score for F4 patients was 5 (5–9). The global SVR rate was 34%, 11% were relapsers and 55% were nonresponders. SVR rates were similar between patients treated with PEG-IFN alfa 2a or alfa 2b (p = 0.24). SVR rates according to Child–Pugh score were 26% (Child A) and 18% (Child B). The independent factors related to SVR in F4 patients were genotype 3, RVR and fewer Child Pugh score points. Treatment interruption occurred in 31% patients and death occurred in 1.9%, all with liver cirrhosis. Conclusion: Treatment of HCV in patients with advanced fibrosis should not be postponed. However, a very careful evaluation of cirrhotic patients must be performed before treatment is indicated and careful monitoring is required during treatment.Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Botucatu School of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Estadual de CampinasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Pontificia Universidade Catolica de São PauloUNIFESPSciEL

Hyperspectral Image Classification: An Analysis Employing CNN, LSTM, Transformer, and Attention Mechanism

Hyperspectral images contain tens to hundreds of bands, implying a high spectral resolution. This high spectral resolution allows for obtaining a precise signature of structures and compounds that make up the captured scene. Among the types of processing that may be applied to Hyperspectral Images, classification using machine learning models stands out. The classification process is one of the most relevant steps for this type of image. It can extract information using spatial and spectral information and spatial-spectral fusion. Artificial Neural Network models have been gaining prominence among existing classification techniques. They can be applied to data with one, two, or three dimensions. Given the above, this work evaluates Convolutional Neural Network models with one, two, and three dimensions to identify the impact of classifying Hyperspectral Images with different types of convolution. We also expand the comparison to Recurrent Neural Network models, Attention Mechanism, and the Transformer architecture. Furthermore, a novelty pre-processing method is proposed for the classification process to avoid generating data leaks between training, validation, and testing data. The results demonstrated that using 1 Dimension Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Transformer architectures reduces memory consumption and sample processing time and maintain a satisfactory classification performance up to 99% accuracy on larger datasets. In addition, the Transfomer architecture can approach the 2D-CNN and 3D-CNN architectures in accuracy using only spectral information. The results also show that using two or three dimensions convolution layers improves accuracy at the cost of greater memory consumption and processing time per sample. Furthermore, the pre-processing methodology guarantees the disassociation of training and testing data.N/

MarinEye - A tool for marine monitoring

This work presents an autonomous system for marine integrated physical-chemical and biological monitoring – the MarinEye system. It comprises a set of sensors providing diverse and relevant information for oceanic environment characterization and marine biology studies. It is constituted by a physicalchemical water properties sensor suite, a water filtration and sampling system for DNA collection, a plankton imaging system and biomass assessment acoustic system. The MarinEye system has onboard computational and logging capabilities allowing it either for autonomous operation or for integration in other marine observing systems (such as Observatories or robotic vehicles. It was designed in order to collect integrated multi-trophic monitoring data. The validation in operational environment on 3 marine observatories: RAIA, BerlengasWatch and Cascais on the coast of Portugal is also discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio