67 research outputs found
Non-equilibrium correlations and entanglement in a semiconductor hybrid circuit-QED system
We present a theoretical study of a hybrid circuit-QED system composed of two
semiconducting charge-qubits confined in a microwave resonator. The qubits are
defined in terms of the charge states of two spatially separated double quantum
dots (DQDs) which are coupled to the same photon mode in the microwave
resonator. We analyze a transport setup where each DQD is attached to
electronic reservoirs and biased out-of-equilibrium by a large voltage, and
study how electron transport across each DQD is modified by the coupling to the
common resonator. In particular, we show that the inelastic current through
each DQD reflects an indirect qubit-qubit interaction mediated by off-resonant
photons in the microwave resonator. As a result of this interaction, both
charge qubits stay entangled in the steady (dissipative) state. Finite shot
noise cross-correlations between currents across distant DQDs are another
manifestation of this nontrivial steady-state entanglement.Comment: Final versio
Carrier-carrier entanglement and transport resonances in semiconductor quantum dots
We study theoretically the entanglement created in a scattering between an
electron, incoming from a source lead, and another electron bound in the ground
state of a quantum dot, connected to two leads. We analyze the role played by
the different kinds of resonances in the transmission spectra and by the number
of scattering channels, into the amount of quantum correlations between the two
identical carriers. It is shown that the entanglement between their energy
states is not sensitive to the presence of Breit-Wigner resonances, while it
presents a peculiar behavior in correspondence of Fano peaks: two close maxima
separated by a minimum, for a two-channel scattering, a single maximum for a
multi-channel scattering. Such a behavior is ascribed to the different
mechanisms characterizing the two types of resonances. Our results suggest that
the production and detection of entanglement in quantum dot structures may be
controlled by the manipulation of Fano resonances through external fields.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, RevTex4 two-column format, submitte
Entanglement between charge qubits induced by a common dissipative environment
We study entanglement generation between two charge qubits due to the strong
coupling with a common bosonic environment (Ohmic bath). The coupling to the
boson bath is a source of both quantum noise (leading to decoherence) and an
indirect interaction between qubits. As a result, two effects compete as a
function of the coupling strength with the bath: entanglement generation and
charge localization induced by the bath. These two competing effects lead to a
non-monotonic behavior of the concurrence as a function of the coupling
strength with the bath. As an application, we present results for charge qubits
based on double quantum dots.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Non-equilibrium entangled steady state of two independent two-level systems
We determine and study the steady state of two independent two-level systems
weakly coupled to a stationary non-equilibrium environment. Whereas this
bipartite state is necessarily uncorrelated if the splitting energies of the
two-level systems are different from each other, it can be entangled if they
are equal. For identical two-level systems interacting with two bosonic heat
baths at different temperatures, we discuss the influence of the baths
temperatures and coupling parameters on their entanglement. Geometric
properties, such as the baths dimensionalities and the distance between the
two-level systems, are relevant. A regime is found where the steady state is a
statistical mixture of the product ground state and of the entangled singlet
state with respective weights 2/3 and 1/3
A generic emergency protocol for patients with inborn errors of metabolism causing fasting intolerance: A retrospective, single-center study and the generation of www.emergencyprotocol.net
Patients with inborn errors of metabolism causing fasting intolerance can experience acute metabolic decompensations. Long-term data on outcomes using emergency letters are lacking. This is a retrospective, observational, single-center study of the use of emergency letters based on a generic emergency protocol in patients with hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSD) or fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAOD). Data on hospital admissions, initial laboratory results, and serious adverse events were collected. Subsequently, the website www.emergencyprotocol.net was generated in the context of the CONNECT MetabERN eHealth project following multiple meetings, protocol revisions, and translations. Representing 470 emergency protocol years, 127 hospital admissions were documented in 54/128 (42%) patients who made use of emergency letters generated based on the generic emergency protocol. Hypoglycemia (here defined as glucose concentration 5 years. Convulsions, coma, or death was not documented. By providing basic information, emergency letters for individual patients with hepatic GSD or the main FAOD can be generated at www.emergencyprotocol.net, in nine different languages. Generic emergency protocols are safe and easy for home management by the caregivers and the first hour in-hospital management to prevent metabolic emergencies in patients with hepatic GSD and medium-chain Acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. The website www.emergencyprotocol.net is designed to support families and healthcare providers to generate personalized emergency letters for patients with hepatic GSD and the main FAOD
The extreme HBL behaviour of Markarian 501 during 2012
A multiwavelength campaign was organized to take place between March and July of 2012. Excellent temporal coverage was obtained with more than 25 instruments, including the MAGIC, FACT and VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes, the instruments on board the Swift and Fermi spacecraft, and the telescopes operated by the GASP-WEBT collaboration. Mrk 501 showed a very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux above 0.2 TeV of 0.5 times the Crab Nebula flux (CU) for most of the campaign. The highest activity occurred on 2012 June 9, when the VHE flux was 3 CU, and the peak of the high-energy spectral component was found to be at 2 TeV. This study reports very hard X-ray spectra, and the hardest VHE spectra measured to date for Mrk 501. The fractional variability was found to increase with energy, with the highest variability occurring at VHE, and a significant correlation between the X-ray and VHE bands. The unprecedentedly hard X-ray and VHE spectra measured imply that their low- and high-energy components peaked above 5 keV and 0.5 TeV, respectively, during a large fraction of the observing campaign, and hence that Mrk 501 behaved like an extreme high-frequency- peaked blazar (EHBL) throughout the 2012 observing season. This suggests that being an EHBL may not be a permanent characteristic of a blazar, but rather a state which may change over time. The one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario can successfully describe the segments of the SED where most energy is emitted, with a significant correlation between the electron energy density and the VHE gamma-ray activity, suggesting that most of the variability may be explained by the injection of high-energy electrons. The one-zone SSC scenario used reproduces the behaviour seen between the measured X-ray and VHE gamma-ray fluxes, and predicts that the correlation becomes stronger with increasing energy of the X-rays
Long-term multi-wavelength study of 1ES 0647+250
The BL Lac object 1ES 0647+250 is one of the few distant -ray
emitting blazars detected at very high energies (VHE, 100 GeV) during
a non-flaring state. It was detected with the MAGIC telescopes during its low
activity in the years 2009-2011, as well as during three flaring activities in
the years 2014, 2019 and 2020, with the highest VHE flux in the latter epoch.
An extensive multi-instrument data set was collected within several coordinated
observing campaigns throughout these years. We aim to characterise the
long-term multi-band flux variability of 1ES 0647+250, as well as its broadband
spectral energy distribution (SED) during four distinct activity states
selected in four different epochs, in order to constrain the physical
parameters of the blazar emission region under certain assumptions. We evaluate
the variability and correlation of the emission in the different energy bands
with the fractional variability and the Z-transformed Discrete Correlation
Function, as well as its spectral evolution in X-rays and rays. Owing
to the controversy in the redshift measurements of 1ES 0647+250 reported in the
literature, we also estimate its distance in an indirect manner through the
comparison of the GeV and TeV spectra from simultaneous observations with
Fermi-LAT and MAGIC during the strongest flaring activity detected to date.
Moreover, we interpret the SEDs from the four distinct activity states within
the framework of one-component and two-component leptonic models, proposing
specific scenarios that are able to reproduce the available multi-instrument
data.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures. Accepted in A&A. Corresponding authors: Jorge
Otero-Santos; Daniel Morcuende; Vandad Fallah Ramazani; Daniela Dorner; David
Paneque (mailto: [email protected]
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