Estudio preliminar de los restos óseos de la Sepultura de los Sastres ( Iglesia de San Juan del Hospital, Valencia)

Estudio de restos óseos humanos medievales

Vida y muerte de la Gandía cristiana: Estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos óseos del Fossar de la Colegiata de Santa María de Gandía

La investigación desarrollada en esta tesis se ha centrado en el estudio bioantropológico de los individuos enterrados en la Plaza del fossar de la Iglesia Colegiata de Santa María de Gandía (Valencia). La ocupación del cementerio cristiano abarca un largo espacio de tiempo, desde mediados del siglo XIII hasta el siglo XVIII. Gandía fue fundada ex novo a raíz de la conquista del valle de Bayrén por Jaime I; en 1245 se creó la parroquia de Santa María de la Asunción y en 1499 fue declarada Colegiata por el Papa Alejandro VI (Rodrigo Borgia). El material de este estudio está formado por los restos esqueléticos de 494 individuos recuperados en las intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas durante los años 2003 y 2004 por el Proyecto “Iglesia Colegiata de Santa María de Gandía. Plaza del Fossar”. La metodología empleada está basada en las recomendaciones de la Paleopathology Association y de la Asociación Española de Paleopatología, y para la estimación del sexo y la edad, el Workshop of European Anthropologists [Recommendations for Age and Sex Diagnoses of Skeletons]. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la evolución del Cementerio cristiano (prácticas funerarias, tipo y orientación de las sepulturas, procesos tafonómicos, tipos de enterramiento y modos de inhumación), determinar la población inhumada mediante el estudio bioantropológico (recogiendo los aspectos físicos, morfológicos y patológicos) y el análisis paleodemográfico, con el fin de lograr una aproximación a la estructura poblacional de la época. Los resultados obtenidos se recogen en tres capítulos con la misma estructura expuesta anteriormente. En el primer capítulo “Las prácticas funerarias” se ha llevado a cabo el estudio del cementerio en cuanto a su ordenación, disposición y organización. En el segundo capítulo, titulado “Estudio bioantropológico”, se han analizado las características morfológicas y patológicas de los individuos inhumados. El tercer capítulo “Paleodemografía” se centra en la composición y estructura de la población estudiada y su comparación con otras series osteológicas contemporáneas.The investigation developed in this thesis is based on the bioanthropologic study of people buried in the “Plaza del fossar” of the Santa María Collegiate Church in Gandía (Valencia). The cemetery has been occupied for a long period of time, from the middle of the 13th century to the 19th century. Gandía was founded ex novo as a result of the conquest of the valley of Bayrén by James I; in 1245 the parish of Santa María de la Asunción was created and in 1499 raised to the category of collegiate church by Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia). The material used in this study consists of skeletal remains of 494 individuals that were exhumed in the archaeological interventions that were carried out in the years 2003 and 2004 by the Project “Iglesia Colegiata de Santa María de Gandía. Plaza del Fossar”. The methodology employed is based on the recommendations of the Paleopathology Association and of the Spanish Association of Paleopathology, and to determine the age and the sex, the Workshop of European Anthropologists [Recommendations for Age and Sex Diagnoses of Skeletons]. The objective of the present study is to analyze the evolution of the Christian cemetery (funerary practices, type and orientation of the graves, taphonomical processes, types of burials and forms of inhumation), to determine the buried population by means of a bioanthropological study (that gathers physical, morphological and pathological aspects) and the paleodemographical analysis, which allows an approximation of the population structure of the period. The results obtained are shown in three chapters with the same structure mentioned previously. In the first chapter, “The funerary practices” a study was done of the cemetery taking into account order, disposition and organization. In the second chapter, “Bioanthropological study”, the morphological and pathological characteristics of the buried individuals were analyzed. The third chapter, “Paleodemography” concentrates on the composition and structure of the people studied and its comparison with other contemporary osteological series

Museo Arqueológico de Bocairent: más de 40 años de historia

Como en otras muchas localidades, el Museo Arqueológico de Bocairent (Valencia) empezó a forjarse en la década de los años 60 del siglo pasado a partir de los restos recogidos por un grupo de aficionados del centro excursionista de la población, interesados por la historia y la arqueología. Actualmente la colección permanente está compuesta por los materiales de distintas épocas recogidos en la comarca y por algunas donaciones hechas por el SIP (Servicio de Investigación Prehistórica)

Los restos humanos de la Coveta Emparetà: Contexto cronológico y cultural

La Coveta Emparetà es un yacimiento arqueológico conocido desde principios del siglo XX. Los restos de cultura material recuperados en su interior han permitido establecer ocupaciones del Neolítico antiguo y Neolítico medio, proponiéndose también ocupaciones en momentos posteriores. Además, se localizó un conjunto de huesos humanos cuya adscripción cronológica se desconocía, de los que se presenta un estudio y los resultados de dos dotaciones radiocarbónicas realizadas directamente sobre los mismos, evidenciándose el uso de la Coveta Emparetà como espacio para la deposición de inhumaciones en la Edad del Bronce

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia’s ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European–speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European–speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.J.M.F., F.J.L.-C., J.I.M., F.X.O., J.D., and M.S.B. were supported by HAR2017-86509-P, HAR2017-87695-P, and SGR2017-11 from the Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR agency. C.L.-F. was supported by Obra Social La Caixa and by FEDER-MINECO (BFU2015- 64699-P). L.B.d.L.E. was supported by REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (Plan Nacional I+D+I, MINECO). C.L., P.R., and C.Bl. were supported by MINECO (HAR2016-77600-P). A.Esp., J.V.-V., G.D., and D.C.S.-G. were supported by MINECO (HAR2009-10105 and HAR2013-43851-P). D.J.K. and B.J.C. were supported by NSF BCS-1460367. K.T.L., A.W., and J.M. were supported by NSF BCS-1153568. J.F.-E. and J.A.M.-A. were supported by IT622-13 Gobierno Vasco, Diputación Foral de Álava, and Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa. We acknowledge support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/EPH-ARQ/4164/2014) and the FEDER-COMPETE 2020 project 016899. P.S. was supported by the FCT Investigator Program (IF/01641/2013), FCT IP, and ERDF (COMPETE2020 – POCI). M.Si. and K.D. were supported by a Leverhulme Trust Doctoral Scholarship awarded to M.B.R. and M.P. D.R. was supported by an Allen Discovery Center grant from the Paul Allen Foundation, NIH grant GM100233, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. V.V.-M. and W.H. were supported by the Max Planck Society

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.J.M.F., F.J.L.-C., J.I.M., F.X.O., J.D., and M.S.B. were supported by HAR2017-86509-P, HAR2017-87695-P, and SGR2017-11 from the Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR agency. C.L.-F. was supported by Obra Social La Caixa and by FEDER-MINECO (BFU2015- 64699-P). L.B.d.L.E. was supported by REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (Plan Nacional I+D+I, MINECO). C.L., P.R., and C.Bl. were supported by MINECO (HAR2016-77600-P). A.Esp., J.V.-V., G.D., and D.C.S.-G. were supported by MINECO (HAR2009-10105 and HAR2013-43851-P). D.J.K. and B.J.C. were supported by NSF BCS-1460367. K.T.L., A.W., and J.M. were supported by NSF BCS-1153568. J.F.-E. and J.A.M.-A. were supported by IT622-13 Gobierno Vasco, Diputación Foral de Álava, and Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa. We acknowledge support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/EPH-ARQ/4164/2014) and the FEDER-COMPETE 2020 project 016899. P.S. was supported by the FCT Investigator Program (IF/01641/2013), FCT IP, and ERDF (COMPETE2020 – POCI). M.Si. and K.D. were supported by a Leverhulme Trust Doctoral Scholarship awarded to M.B.R. and M.P. D.R. was supported by an Allen Discovery Center grant from the Paul Allen Foundation, NIH grant GM100233, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. V.V.-M. and W.H. were supported by the Max Planck Society