165 research outputs found
Learning and training on the use of prescribed burning techniques
Many of the technicians who applied the technique of prescribed burning were forest and range managers, but they could also be fire fighters, among many other professions. We will use the term fire professional for all of those trained in fire. In our point of view, agreeing with Kobziar et al. (2009), fire professionals should have not only specific training on prescribed burning (professional/continuous training) and practical experience in the field, but also a good fire education (university courses). Following this premise, the objectives of this chapter are to: • Describe and assess the current context on prescribed burning training in Europe (Spain, Portugal and France); • Propose ways to continue the efforts to harmonise qualifications in Europe and to permanently exchange experiences on prescribed training; • Describe and assess the current situation with regard to forest education, university level in Europe (Spain and Portugal) and compare it to the US forest education; • Propose new ways for the example of an International Graduate Program in Fire Science and Management http://www.efi.int/files/attachments/publications/efi_rr23.pdfN/
ANALYSIS OF NOx EMISSIONS AND SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION OF A DIESEL ENGINE OPERATING WITH DIESEL/BIODIESEL BLENDS
This study aims to examine experimentally the NOx emissions and the performance of a motor AGRALE M90, single cylinder, operating with diesel and biodiesel blends. The engine was linked to an electric generator, which provided 1500 W, 3000 W and 4500 W to an electrical system. The engine was tested with fuel blends containing different amounts of commercial diesel (B4) with palm biodiesel (B100). NOx emissions, as well as the specific fuel consumption of diesel, biodiesel and their mixtures were measured and analyzed. In this study, emissions of NOx have been prioritized over other pollutants by environmental issues and techniques. Air pollution by NOx causes serious respiratory problems. Furthermore, emissions of NOx enable a qualitative assessment of the combustion process. The results show that the commercial diesel has better performance in terms of energy efficiency and NOx emissions
Socio-economy of peri-urban areas: the case of Lisbon metropolitan area
The chapter presents typologies of peri-urban areas of Lisbon
Metropolitan Area (LMA) regarding social and economic dimensions. These typologies
are the outcome of a trans-disciplinary research developed by the project
PERI-URBAN involving different Portuguese universities, crossing academic fi elds
and integrating the knowledge of stakeholders from diverse institutional and territorial
(local and regional) backgrounds. By bridging science and society, transdisciplinarity
allows the translation of knowledge acquired in research into useful
and relevant information for planners and decision-makers. The analysis reveals
diverse socioeconomic realities demanding different and specifi c political
approaches envisaging sustainable peri-urban territories in a changing world. The
socioeconomy of peri-urban areas considers identities and lifestyle issues (e.g., age,
family patterns, living and working conditions) and economic characteristics (e.g.,
main economic activities, economic organisation and structuring, attractiveness).
The infl uence of a metropolitan area is expressed by continuing investments in
peripheral areas that offer sources of labour and natural resources such as land. The
presence of industries, services, logistics and distribution platforms, enterprises,
housing, big store chains, etc., constitutes manifestations of this realm. Plus, and in
parallel, the coexistence of a rural-agriculture matrix establishes a hybrid territory
where distinct activities co-exist defi ning distinct degrees of specialisation/diversity
of the economic tissueinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Effect of pH of H2O2 solutions on the morphology and wear resistance of human dental enamel: an AFM study
Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Assessment of portuguese community forestry: using the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure and FAO community-based forestry framework
In the last five decades, Community-Based Forestry (CBF) has
become a subject of special attention. It is assumed that the transfer
of rights to local communities will improve forest management. In
Portugal more than 13% of the forest area belongs to local communities
(termed baldios). Following FAO tools, assessments of
Forest Tenure and CBF were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness
of four baldio management types. The results revealed the most
common challenges for baldios, vis- a-vis, rights associated with their
management, protection of these rights, weak land administration,
weak mechanisms for conflict resolution, problems with decentralized
state support, cash flow management, and environmental challenges
leading to wildfires, loss of biodiversity, and inadequate
control of pests and invasive species. Resolution of these challenges
is urgently needed at the legal, administrative and local levels.
Future research should include assessments of CBF in other
European countries to reduce the existing knowledge gapinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Educação ambiental e os incêndios florestais: a importância da formação superior dos técnicos florestais
Os técnicos florestais são um dos principais intervenientes no território rural.
Os incêndios são a maior ameaça aos espaços florestais portugueses e são
maioritariamente um problema social. Com o objetivo de perceber se as
competências fornecidas nos diversos cursos universitários da área florestal
respondem às diversas solicitações laborais destes profissionais e aos desafios
do séc. XXI, realizou-se um levantamento das necessidades formativas dos
técnicos, confrontando-as com as diferentes atividades profissionais e a sua
formação universitária ao nÃvel da licenciatura e mestrado. A metodologia
utilizada incluiu a análise de conteúdos das licenciaturas e mestrados na área
das ciências florestais e um questionário enviado por correio eletrónico aos
220 técnicos que trabalham nos Gabinetes Técnico Florestal em Portugal. A
taxa de resposta foi de 71%. Desta análise verificou-se que existem diversas
novas funções ligadas principalmente às componentes sociais como por
exemplo na área da educação ambiental e sensibilização. Assim concluiu-se
que as maiores discrepâncias entre o que é importante para o desempenho
profissional e a preparação dos técnicos, encontram-se maioritariamente
na dimensão humana da gestão dos recursos florestais, nomeadamente
na integração da componente social da perceção do risco por parte da
população na gestão. Esta componente social reflete-se nas competências
ligadas à comunicação com diferentes públicos (competências gerais) e as
que estão ligadas às competências sociais e relacionais como gestão de
conflitos, dinâmica de grupos e a componente pedagógicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Static Safety for an Actor Dedicated Process Calculus by Abstract Interpretation
The actor model eases the definition of concurrent programs with non uniform
behaviors. Static analysis of such a model was previously done in a data-flow
oriented way, with type systems. This approach was based on constraint set
resolution and was not able to deal with precise properties for communications
of behaviors. We present here a new approach, control-flow oriented, based on
the abstract interpretation framework, able to deal with communication of
behaviors. Within our new analyses, we are able to verify most of the previous
properties we observed as well as new ones, principally based on occurrence
counting
A Hubble Constant Estimate from Galaxy Cluster and type Ia SNe Observations
In this work, we constrain the Hubble constant parameter,, using a
combination of the Pantheon sample and galaxy clusters (GC) measurements from
minimal cosmological assumptions. Assuming the validity of the cosmic distance
duality relation, an estimator is created for that only depends on simple
geometrical distances, which is evaluated from Pantheon and a GC angular
diameter distance sample afterward. The statistical and systematic errors in GC
measurements are summed in quadrature in our analysis. We find in confidence level. This
measurement presents an error of around 9\%, showing that future and better GC
measurements can shed light on the current Hubble tension.Comment: 7 pages, two figure
Assessment of "social" and "economic" sustainability in peri-urban territories: A proposal of methodological framework and its application to Lisbon Metropolitan Area
Carried out within the framework of the multidisciplinary research project PERIURBAN (Peri-urban areas faced with the challenges of sustainability: developing scenarios for Lisbon Metropolitan Area) this article aims to propose, discuss and implement criteria for assessing the sustainability of peri-metropolitan territories at the social and economic level, starting from its application to the specific case of 5 parishes in Lisbon Metropolitan area.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Technical Report: Technique of Bladder Catheterization in Female Mice and Rats for Intravesical Instillation in Models of Bladder Cancer
Animal models offer a system that enables a better understanding of basic biological questions. Urinary bladder catheterization is a common procedure in models of female urothelial tumours and yet the technique does still need to be described further. The methods described in the existing literature do not outline how the procedure should be adapted for different research goals. In this report, we describe systematically catheterization of female mice and rats as well as analysing several anaesthetic protocols, which can be used to carry out this technical procedure
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