Efecto del NaCl sobre los parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad de la cebolla de bulbo (Allium cepa L.) bajo condiciones controladas

El experimento se realizó en el primer semestre de 2010 en los invernaderos de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, con temperatura y humedad relativa promedio de 21°C y 60%, respectivamente. Se evaluó el efecto de concentraciones crecientes en el agua de riego de 0, 30, 60 y 90 mM de NaCl (conductividad eléctrica de 0, 3, 6 y 9 ±0,2 dS m-1, respectivamente) sobre parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad en cebolla de bulbo, var. Yellow Granex, en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro repeticiones. Los niveles salinos crecientes generaron un desarrollo precoz, expresado en acumulación rápida de materia seca (MS) en los primeros estados de crecimiento, teniendo implicaciones fisiológicas en el desarrollo del bulbo. Se presentaron diferencias significativas a partir de la etapa de desarrollo del bulbo para las variables altura, número de hojas y diámetro del pseudotallo de la planta. Asimismo, se registraron reducciones respecto al tratamiento control de 31%, 53% y 70% de MS total, 44%, 53% y 71% de MS de la parte aérea, 28%, 49% y 74% de MS del bulbo, 12%, 25% y 43% para el diámetro y 30%, 52% y 78% para el peso fresco del bulbo en los niveles crecientes de 30, 60 y 90 mM de NaCl, respectivamente. Los niveles salinos crecientes se relacionaron directamente con el aumento en los valores de sólidos solubles totales y disminución en el contenido de ácido pirúvico, lo que se tradujo en un sabor más dulce y menos pungente de los bulbos.Cebolla de bulbo-Cebolla japonesa

Marrow adipose tissue expansion coincides with insulin resistance in MAGP1-deficient mice

Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is an endocrine organ with the potential to influence skeletal remodeling and hematopoiesis. Pathologic MAT expansion has been studied in the context of severe metabolic challenge, including caloric restriction, high fat diet feeding, and leptin deficiency. However, the rapid change in peripheral fat and glucose metabolism associated with these models impedes our ability to examine which metabolic parameters precede or coincide with MAT expansion. Microfibril-associated glycoprotein-1 (MAGP1) is a matricellular protein that influences cellular processes by tethering signaling molecules to extracellular matrix structures. MAGP1-deficient (Mfap2(−/−)) mice display a progressive excess adiposity phenotype, which precedes insulin resistance and occurs without changes in caloric intake or ambulation. Mfap2(−/−) mice were, therefore, used as a model to associate parameters of metabolic disease, bone remodeling, and hematopoiesis with MAT expansion. Marrow adiposity was normal in Mfap2(−/−) mice until 6 months of age; however, by 10 months, marrow fat volume had increased fivefold relative to wild-type control at the same age. Increased gonadal fat pad mass and hyperglycemia were detectable in Mfap2(−/−) mice by 2 months, but peaked by 6 months. The development of insulin resistance coincided with MAT expansion. Longitudinal characterization of bone mass demonstrated a disconnection in MAT volume and bone volume. Specifically, Mfap2(−/−) mice had reduced trabecular bone volume by 2 months, but this phenotype did not progress with age or MAT expansion. Interestingly, MAT expansion in the 10-month-old Mfap2(−/−) mice was associated with modest alterations in basal hematopoiesis, including a shift from granulopoiesis to B lymphopoiesis. Together, these findings indicate MAT expansion is coincident with insulin resistance, but not excess peripheral adiposity or hyperglycemia in Mfap2(−/−) mice; and substantial MAT accumulation does not necessitate a proportional decrease in either bone mass or bone marrow cellularity

Environmental Sensor Placement with Convolutional Gaussian Neural Processes

Environmental sensors are crucial for monitoring weather conditions and the impacts of climate change. However, it is challenging to maximise measurement informativeness and place sensors efficiently, particularly in remote regions like Antarctica. Probabilistic machine learning models can evaluate placement informativeness by predicting the uncertainty reduction provided by a new sensor. Gaussian process (GP) models are widely used for this purpose, but they struggle with capturing complex non-stationary behaviour and scaling to large datasets. This paper proposes using a convolutional Gaussian neural process (ConvGNP) to address these issues. A ConvGNP uses neural networks to parameterise a joint Gaussian distribution at arbitrary target locations, enabling flexibility and scalability. Using simulated surface air temperature anomaly over Antarctica as ground truth, the ConvGNP learns spatial and seasonal non-stationarities, outperforming a non-stationary GP baseline. In a simulated sensor placement experiment, the ConvGNP better predicts the performance boost obtained from new observations than GP baselines, leading to more informative sensor placements. We contrast our approach with physics-based sensor placement methods and propose future work towards an operational sensor placement recommendation system. This system could help to realise environmental digital twins that actively direct measurement sampling to improve the digital representation of reality.Comment: In review for the Climate Informatics 2023 special issue of Environmental Data Scienc

Examining the immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and the impact on neurodevelopment: Protocol of the SIGNATURE longitudinal study

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a valuable opportunity to carry out cohort studies that allow us to advance our knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases. One of these opportunities is the study of the relationships between inflammation, brain development and an increased risk of suffering neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on the hypothesis that neuroinflammation during early stages of life is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and confers a greater risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, we propose a cohort study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women and their newborns. The main objective of SIGNATURE project is to explore how the presence of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other non-infectious stressors generates an abnormal inflammatory activity in the newborn. The cohort of women during the COVID-19 pandemic will be psychological and biological monitored during their pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and postpartum. The biological information of the umbilical cord (foetus blood) and peripheral blood from the mother will be obtained after childbirth. These samples and the clinical characterisation of the cohort of mothers and newborns, are tremendously valuable at this time. This is a protocol report and no analyses have been conducted yet, being currently at, our study is in the recruitment process step. At the time of this publication, we have identified 1,060 SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and all have already given birth. From the total of identified mothers, we have recruited 537 SARS-COV-2 infected women and all of them have completed the mental health assessment during pregnancy. We have collected biological samples from 119 mothers and babies. Additionally, we have recruited 390 non-infected pregnant women.This work has received support from the Fundación Alicia Koplowitz to realize the epigenetic wide association study and to the clinical assessment to the children. This work has also received public support from the Consejería de Salud y Familias para la financiación de la investigación, desarrollo e innovación (i + d + i) biomédica y en ciencias de la salud en Andalucía (CSyF 2021 - FEDER). Grant Grant number PECOVID- 0195-2020. Convocatoria financiada con Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) al 80% dentro del Programa Operativo de Andalucía FEDER 2014-2020. Andalucía se mueve con Europa. NG-T received payment under Rio Hortega contract CM20-00015 with the Carlos III Health Institute.Peer reviewe

Modelling human choices: MADeM and decision‑making

Research supported by FAPESP 2015/50122-0 and DFG-GRTK 1740/2. RP and AR are also part of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics FAPESP grant (2013/07699-0). RP is supported by a FAPESP scholarship (2013/25667-8). ACR is partially supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)

Selección de aislamientos de Trichoderma spp. in vitro como potenciales biofungicidas para el cont

Quality and performance in potato production systems is seriously affected by fungi diseases such as R. solani, whose chemical control is inefficient. Theobjective of the present work was to select isolates of Trichoderma spp. in vitro as potential biofungicides for the control of Rhizoctonia solani on potato.From soil samples from Calamuchita, Río Primero, Punilla and San Javier departments in the Province of Córdoba (Argentina), 18 native Trichodermastrains were isolated and genetically identified. They were evaluated in vitro by the dual culture method on their competence for the substrate, mycoparasitism and antibiosis capacity. It was possible to identify a group of five promising strains: T. atroviride ACp8 y CBa3, T. konigiopsis CBk2 y CBk4 y T. harzianum CBh2. These strains had more than 85 % overgrowth over the pathogen, were very competitive for the substrate (Grade 1) and had an antibiosis capacity higher than 35 % which inhibited radial growth through at least four mechanisms of hyphal interaction against R. solani. The  selected strains that specifically recognize the phytopathogen and due to their native condition present highedaphoclimatic adaptation, may be incorporated into crop managementimproving the system sustainability.La calidad y rendimiento en los sistemas de producción de papa se ve seriamente afectado por enfermedades por hongos como Rhizoctonia solani, cuyo control químico es ineficiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue seleccionar aislamientos de Trichoderma spp. in vitro como potenciales biofungicidas para el control de R. solani en papa. A partir de muestras de suelo de los departamentos Calamuchita, Río Primero, Punilla y San Javier, de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), se aislaron e identificaron genéticamente 18 cepas nativas de Trichoderma. A través de cultivos duales in vitro se evaluó la competencia por el sustrato, micoparasitismo y capacidad de antibiosis. Se identificaron cinco cepas promisorias: T. atroviride ACp8 y CBa3, T. konigiopsis CBk2 y CBk4 y T. harzianum CBh2. Estas cepas presentaron un sobrecrecimiento mayor al 85 % sobre el patógeno; fueron muy competitivas por el sustrato (Grado 1) y presentaron una elevada capacidad de antibiosis mayor al 35 % lo que inhibió el crecimiento radial por al menos cuatro mecanismos de interacción hifal frente a R. solani. Las cepas seleccionadas que reconocen específicamente al fitopatógeno y presentan alta adaptación edafoclimática por su condición de nativas, podrán ser incorporadas al manejo del cultivo favoreciendo la sustentabilidad del sistema

Efecto del NaCl sobre los parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad de la cebolla de bulbo (Allium cepa L.) bajo condiciones controladas

El experimento se realizó en el primer semestre de 2010 en los invernaderos de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, con temperatura y humedad relativa promedio de 21°C y 60%, respectivamente. Se evaluó el efecto de concentraciones crecientes en el agua de riego de 0, 30, 60 y 90 mM de NaCl (conductividad eléctrica de 0, 3, 6 y 9 ±0,2 dS m-1, respectivamente) sobre parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad en cebolla de bulbo, var. Yellow Granex, en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro repeticiones. Los niveles salinos crecientes generaron un desarrollo precoz, expresado en acumulación rápida de materia seca (MS) en los primeros estados de crecimiento, teniendo implicaciones fisiológicas en el desarrollo del bulbo. Se presentaron diferencias significativas a partir de la etapa de desarrollo del bulbo para las variables altura, número de hojas y diámetro del pseudotallo de la planta. Asimismo, se registraron reducciones respecto al tratamiento control de 31%, 53% y 70% de MS total, 44%, 53% y 71% de MS de la parte aérea, 28%, 49% y 74% de MS del bulbo, 12%, 25% y 43% para el diámetro y 30%, 52% y 78% para el peso fresco del bulbo en los niveles crecientes de 30, 60 y 90 mM de NaCl, respectivamente. Los niveles salinos crecientes se relacionaron directamente con el aumento en los valores de sólidos solubles totales y disminución en el contenido de ácido pirúvico, lo que se tradujo en un sabor más dulce y menos pungente de los bulbos.  Palabras clave adicionales: salinidad, agua de riego, análisis de crecimiento, pungenci

Multiparameter flow cytometric remission is the most relevant prognostic factor for multiple myeloma patients who undergo autologous stem cell transplantation

Minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment is standard in many hematologic malignancies but is considered investigational in multiple myeloma (MM). We report a prospective analysis of the prognostic importance of MRD detection by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in 295 newly diagnosed MM patients uniformly treated in the GEM2000 protocol VBMCP/VBAD induction plus autologous stem cell transplantation [ASCT]). MRD status by MFC was determined at day 100 after ASCT. Progression-free survival (PFS; median 71 vs 37 months, P < .001) and overall survival (OS; median not reached vs 89 months, P = .002) were longer in patients who were MRD negative versus MRD positive at day 100 after ASCT. Similar prognostic differentiation was seen in 147 patients who achieved immunofixation-negative complete response after ASCT. Moreover, MRD− immunofixation-negative (IFx−) patients and MRD− IFx+ patients had significantly longer PFS than MRD+ IFx− patients. Multivariate analysis identified MRD status by MFC at day 100 after ASCT as the most important independent prognostic factor for PFS (HR = 3.64, P = .002) and OS (HR = 2.02, P = .02). Our findings demonstrate the clinical importance of MRD evaluation by MFC, and illustrate the need for further refinement of MM re-sponse criteria. This trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov under identifier NCT00560053