14 research outputs found
Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Austrian companion animals and horses
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic
relatedness and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of a collection of
Austrian Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from companion animals and horses.
A total of 12 non-repetitive isolates presumptively identified as S.
pneumoniae were obtained during routinely diagnostic activities between March
2009 and January 2017. Results: Isolates were confirmed as S. pneumoniae by
bile solubility and optochin susceptibility testing, matrix-assisted laser
desorption-ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and
sequence analysis of a part recA and the 16S rRNA genes. Isolates were further
characterized by pneumolysin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyped by
multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was
performed and resistance genes were detected by specific PCR assays. All
isolates were serotyped. Four sequence types (ST) (ST36, ST3546, ST6934 and
ST6937) and four serotypes (3, 19A, 19F and 23F) were detected. Two isolates
from twelve displayed a multidrug-resistance pheno- and genotype. Conclusions:
This study represents the first comprehensive investigation on characteristics
of S. pneumoniae isolates recovered from Austrian companion animals and
horses. The obtained results indicate that common human sero- (23F) and
sequence type (ST36) implicated in causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD)
may circulate in dogs. Isolates obtained from other examined animals seem to
be host-adapted
OXA-48-Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections - the first cases diagnosed in Romanian National Institute of Infectious Diseases
We report first description of clinical cases of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae originating from patients hospitalized in the most important Infectious Diseases Hospital from Romania, between December 2012 and March 2013. All strains were isolated from patients who were previously admitted in surgical wards. None of the patients had been admitted in a hospital outside of Romania
Genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS): A genotyping tool that predicts 4CMenB strain coverage worldwide.
The Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS) was developed to identify meningococcus group B strains with a high likelihood of being covered by the 4CMenB vaccine, but is limited by the requirement for viable isolates from culture-confirmed cases. We examined if antigen genotyping could complement MATS in predicting strain coverage by the 4CMenB vaccine.
From a panel of 3912 MATS-typed invasive meningococcal disease isolates collected in England and Wales in 2007-2008, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, and in 16 other countries in 2000-2015, 3481 isolates were also characterized by antigen genotyping. Individual associations between antigen genotypes and MATS coverage for each 4CMenB component were used to define a genetic MATS (gMATS). gMATS estimates were compared with England and Wales human complement serum bactericidal assay (hSBA) data and vaccine effectiveness (VE) data from England.
Overall, 81% of the strain panel had genetically predictable MATS coverage, with 92% accuracy and highly concordant results across national panels (Lin's accuracy coefficient, 0.98; root-mean-square deviation, 6%). England and Wales strain coverage estimates were 72-73% by genotyping (66-73% by MATS), underestimating hSBA values after four vaccine doses (88%) and VE after two doses (83%). The gMATS predicted strain coverage in other countries was 58-88%.
gMATS can replace MATS in predicting 4CMenB strain coverage in four out of five cases, without requiring a cultivable isolate, and is open to further improvement. Both methods underestimated VE in England. Strain coverage predictions in other countries matched or exceeded England and Wales estimates.This work was supported by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA, including all costs associated with the development and publishing of the manuscript.S
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Low-Molecular-Weight <sup>11</sup>C‑Labeled Tetrazine for Pretargeted PET Imaging Applying Bioorthogonal in Vivo Click Chemistry
A low-molecular-weight
tetrazine labeled with the short-lived positron
emitter carbon-11 was developed as a bioorthogonal PET probe for pretargeted
imaging. A method for efficient and fast synthesis of this imaging
agent is presented using radiolabeling of a readily available precursor.
High reactivity with <i>trans</i>-cyclooctenes was observed
and in vivo investigations including PET/MR scanning showed homogeneous
biodistribution, good metabolic stability, and rapid excretion in
naive mice. These properties are key to the success of bioorthogonal <sup>11</sup>C-PET imaging, which has been shown in a simple pretargeting
experiment using TCO-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Overall,
this <sup>11</sup>C-labeled tetrazine represents a highly versatile
and advantageous chemical tool for bioorthogonal PET imaging and enables
pretargeting approaches using carbon-11 for the first time
Genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS): A genotyping tool that predicts 4CMenB strain coverage worldwide
Background: The Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS) was developed
to identify meningococcus group B strains with a high likelihood of
being covered by the 4CMenB vaccine, but is limited by the requirement
for viable isolates from culture-confirmed cases. We examined if antigen
genotyping could complement MATS in predicting strain coverage by the
4CMenB vaccine.
Methods: From a panel of 3912 MATS-typed invasive meningococcal disease
isolates collected in England and Wales in 2007-2008, 2014-2015 and
2015-2016, and in 16 other countries in 2000-2015, 3481 isolates were
also characterized by antigen genotyping. Individual associations
between antigen genotypes and MATS coverage for each 4CMenB component
were used to define a genetic MATS (gMATS). gMATS estimates were
compared with England and Wales human complement serum bactericidal
assay (hSBA) data and vaccine effectiveness (VE) data from England.
Results: Overall, 81% of the strain panel had genetically predictable
MATS coverage, with 92% accuracy and highly concordant results across
national panels (Lin’s accuracy coefficient, 0.98; root-mean square
deviation, 6%). England and Wales strain coverage estimates were
72-73% by genotyping (66-73% by MATS), underestimating hSBA values
after four vaccine doses (88%) and VE after two doses (83%). The gMATS
predicted strain coverage in other countries was 58-88%.
Conclusions: gMATS can replace MATS in predicting 4CMenB strain coverage
in four out of five cases, without requiring a cultivable isolate, and
is open to further improvement. Both methods underestimated VE in
England. Strain coverage predictions in other countries matched or
exceeded England and Wales estimates. (C) 2019 GlaxoSmithKline
Biologicals SA. Published by Elsevier Ltd