Iniciação Científica na segunda metade dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental: percursos da Equipe de Professores do Projeto PIXEL do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo apresentar como foi constituído e como estrutura-se atualmente o componente curricular Iniciação Científica (IC) no Projeto PIXEL, que abrange a segunda metade dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental no Colégio de Aplicação (CAp) da UFRGS. O trabalho na IC organiza-se a partir de um planejamento semanal da equipe de professores, o que possibilitou uma série de reflexões e práticas neste componente curricular. O trabalho com a IC oportuniza o desenvolvimento de competências gerais em ambos os anos (8° e 9°) de seu desenvolvimento. São elas: a argumentação, a autonomia, a autoria, a cooperação e a colaboração e a resolução de problemas. Essas competências são essenciais à IC e servem de referência para criar os critérios de avaliação, não somente desse componente curricular, mas de todos os demais componentes do Projeto de Ensino PIXEL. A IC ocorre em quatro períodos semanais e seus projetos são desenvolvidos ao longo de um semestre. Eles culminam em produções escritas estruturadas – em formatos de reportagem científica para os 8ºs anos, e com formatos diversos, que incluem desde relatórios até manuais para os 9ºs. Ambos os anos se envolvem em Mostras de Trabalhos, nas quais os estudantes apresentam seus processos de pesquisa utilizando-se dos mais diversos recursos, fazendo a devolutiva da investigação para a comunidade. O trabalho da IC na escola não se trata, portanto, de uma aula que propõe situações-problema hipotéticas na expectativa de que os estudantes encontrem a resposta “correta”, mas sim, de criar propostas em que a complexidade e a diversidade do mundo se evidenciem, sejam parte do problema e de suas possíveis soluções. Os resultados que temos observado a partir do que é desenvolvido na IC do PIXEL, mostram o desenvolvimento de aprendizagens que permitem ao estudante a busca de informações e verificação de fontes, que façam comparações, que defendam seu ponto de vista e que elaborem estratégias e conclusões. A IC do PIXEL é uma proposta de ensino e de aprendizagem que ressignifica o papel do professor, aproximando-o dos estudantes, pois coloca-o na posição de orientador – aquele que tem experiência de pesquisa – e também de pesquisador – aquele que aprende sobre os temas ao longo do trabalho com cada estudante

Organic matter fluxes and biogeochemical processes in the OMZ off Peru, Cruise No. M138, 01 June - 03 July 2017, Callao (Peru) - Bahia Las Minas (Panama)

The oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the eastern tropical South Pacific Ocean is tightly connected to the coastal upwelling system off Peru. The high biological productivity off Peru is therefore, driven by the complex interplay between the amount of nutrients recycled by remineralisation processes in the OMZ and the upwelling which brings these nutrients to the surface layer. However, surprisingly little is known about organic matter cycling and its effects on biogeochemical processes in the OMZ off Peru. To this end we conducted a first comprehensive study on the role of organic matter for the biogeochemical processes and the maintenance of the OMZ off Peru. M138 combined measurements of marine biogeochemistry, microbiology, physical oceanography and air chemistry with foci on (i) the efficiency of the biological pump, (ii) the nitrogen cycle processes in the OMZ, (iii) the ventilation of the OMZ as well as (iv) the air/sea gas exchange across the ocean/atmosphere interface and (v) aerosol deposition. The METEOR cruise M138 was performed as part of the third phase of the SFB754 'Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean' (www.sfb754.de)

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Use of Health-Promoting Food and Supplements in Swiss Children

Introduction: Our diet is the sum of many different influences and has visibly changed over the past decades. Since children also imitate their parents when it comes to eating habits, the aim of the study was to assess the current dietary habits in Swiss children. Method: Cross-sectional study of children between 0 and 18 years of age in Switzerland. Results: A total of 1964 children participated, with an average age of 7.4 years. A total of 57.9% of participants stated to buy supplements to promote health, while fruit juices/smoothies were the most popular product (42.5%), followed by protein-enriched products (40%) and vitamins/minerals (29%). A statistically significant correlation between longer screen time, a higher socioeconomic background, and the intake of supplements was found. Over 20% of all families regularly consume plant-based drinks. Discussion: This Swiss cross-sectional study of over 1900 participants reveals that 58% of all participants buy supplements or special kid’s food to promote the child’s health. There is a correlation between higher screen time, higher parental income, and the usage of supplements. A total of 23% of participating families consume at least one plant-based drink on a regular basis. As more and more families use supplements, the pediatrician should not only focus on weight, which reflects the intake of macronutrients but should also take a history of whether children omit certain foods or take supplements to ensure the child does not have a deficiency of micronutrients

Registro da pomba-do-orvalho Patagioenas maculosa (Aves: Columbidae) no estado de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2009v22n2p195Apresentamos o primeiro registro da pomba-do-orvalho Patagioenas maculosa (Aves: Columbidae) para Santa Catarina, região sul do Brasil. Um indivíduo foi observado em 10 de setembro de 2006 em uma área aberta (pastagens para gado e vegetação arbustiva) no município de Anita Garibaldi (centro-sul do estado). Sugerimos que este encontro pontual é resultado de uma recente expansão da distribuição desta espécie devido a modificações na paisagem nesta região

Record of Spot-winged Pigeon Patagioenas maculosa (Aves: Columbidae) in Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil.

We present the first record of the Spot-winged Pigeon Patagioenas maculosa (Aves: Columbidae) for Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. One individual was observed on 10 September 2006 in an open area (cattle pasture and shrubby vegetation) in the town of Anita Garibaldi (center-south of the state). We suggest that this punctual encounter is a result of the recent expansion of this species’ distribution due to landscape modification in the region