4.EAFES International Congress in Mokpo, Korea

Korea Forest Research InstituteProject Number 14404021, Peport of Research Project ; Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)(2), from April 2002 to March 2006, Edited by Muramoto,Ken-ichiroKamata, NaotoKawanishi, TakuyaKubo, MamoruLiu, JiyuanLee, Kyu-Sung , 人工衛星データ活用のための東アジアの植生調査、課題番号14404021, 平成14年度～平成17年度科学研究費補助金, 基盤研究（B)(2)研究成果報告書, 研究代表者：村本, 健一郎, 金沢大学自然科学研究科教

Modeling the Fate and Transport of Malathion in the Pagsanjan-Lumban Basin, Philippines

Exposure to highly toxic pesticides could potentially cause cancer and disrupt the development of vital systems. Monitoring activities were performed to assess the level of contamination; however, these were costly, laborious, and short-term leading to insufficient monitoring data. However, the performance of the existing Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT model) can be restricted by its two-phase partitioning approach, which is inadequate when it comes to simulating pesticides with limited dataset. This study developed a modified SWAT pesticide model to address these challenges. The modified model considered the three-phase partitioning model that classifies the pesticide into three forms: dissolved, particle-bound, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)-associated pesticide. The addition of DOC-associated pesticide particles increases the scope of the pesticide model by also considering the adherence of pesticides to the organic carbon in the soil. The modified SWAT and original SWAT pesticide model was applied to the Pagsanjan-Lumban (PL) basin, a highly agricultural region. Malathion was chosen as the target pesticide since it is commonly used in the basin. The pesticide models simulated the fate and transport of malathion in the PL basin and showed the temporal pattern of selected subbasins. The sensitivity analyses revealed that application efficiency and settling velocity were the most sensitive parameters for the original and modified SWAT model, respectively. Degradation of particulate-phase malathion were also significant to both models. The rate of determination (R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values showed that the modified model (R2 = 0.52; NSE = 0.36) gave a slightly better performance compared to the original (R2 = 0.39; NSE = 0.18). Results from this study will be able to aid the government and private agriculture sectors to have an in-depth understanding in managing pesticide usage in agricultural watersheds

Changes in Fruit Physicochemical Characteristics by Fruit Clusters in June-bearing Strawberry Cultivars

Three Korean-bred strawberry cultivars 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', and 'Keumhyang', and a Japanese cultivar 'Tochiotome' were grown in a greenhouse and their physicochemical characteristics were investigated. Fruit weight of 'Seolhyang' and 'Keumhyang' in the first and second fruit clusters were greater than those of other cultivars and that of 'Tochiotome' was the greatest in the fifth fruit cluster. Fruit firmness generally decreased at later fruit clusters, and was the lowest in 'Seolhyang'. The sugars/organic acids ratios in the first and third fruit clusters of 'Maehyang' were 4.9 and 8.0, respectively, representing the highest values among all cultivars. The ascorbic acid content was the greatest in the second fruit cluster for 'Seolhyang', 'Keumhyang', and 'Tochiotome' cultivars and that of 'Maehyang' was the greatest at the third fruit cluster. The anthocyanin content was higher in later fruit clusters and was the highest in 'Keumhyang' overall. Results indicate that Korean cultivars bred for the plastic protected culture, which are intended for very early harvest, showed more desirable physical characteristics in the first and second fruit clusters, while the content of anthocyanin was greater in the fruits from later fruit clusters.This work was carried out with the support of Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No.907002082012) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000027607/5SEQ:5PERF_CD:SNU2012-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000027607ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A075898DEPT_CD:517CITE_RATE:.237FILENAME:2012-8-kjhst-딸기과방별물리확학적특징-김성겸.pdfDEPT_NM:식물생산과학부EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:

A case study on swell correction of Chirp sub-bottom profiler (SBP) data using multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) data

High-resolution marine seismic data acquisition and subsequent analyses are highly influenced by sea conditions, directly affecting data quality and interpretation. Traditional swell effect correction methods are effective in improving reflector continuity; however, they are less useful for enhancing travel time consistency at intersection points of crossing lines. To develop a robust swell-removal technique for a set of crossing lines multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) data and Chirp sub-bottom profiler (SBP) data were acquired. After generation of a time structure map of the sea-bottom converted from the final processed multi-beam data, a moving average was used to improve the event continuity of the sea-bottom reflection of the Chirp SBP data. Using the position of the Chirp SBP data, the difference between the travel time of the sea-bottom from the smoothed map and the original travel time of the sea-bottom is calculated as a static correction. The static correction method based on the MBES data was compared and verified using three different cases: (i) simple 2D swell effect correction on a line-by-line basis, (ii) comparing the swell corrections at the crossing positions of 2D lines acquired from different dates, and (iii) comparison of ties of intersection points between 2D lines after new swell correction applied. Although a simple 2D swell correction showed great enhancement of reflector continuity, only the full static correction using the newly proposed method using MBES data produced completely corrected reflection events especially at the crossing points of 2D lines

Comparison of the Novel Human Papillomavirus 4 Auto-capillary Electrophoresis Test with the Hybrid Capture 2 Assay and with the PCR HPV Typing Set Test in the Detection of High-Risk HPV Including HPV 16 and 18 Genotypes in Cervical Specimens

The aim of this study was to compare the novel human papillomavirus (HPV) detection method, the HPV 4 Auto-capillary Electrophoresis (ACE) test with the hybrid capture (HC) 2 assay for the detection of high-risk HPVs. In addition, we compared the HPV 4 ACE test with the polymerase chain reaction HPV Typing Set test for the detection of HPV 16 and HPV 18 genotypes. One hundred ninety-nine cervical swab samples obtained from women with previous abnormal Pap smears were subjected to testing with the three HPV tests. The HPV 4 ACE test and the HC 2 assay showed substantial agreement for detection of high-risk HPVs (85.4%, kappa=0.71). The HPV 4 ACE test also showed substantial agreement with the PCR HPV Typing Set test in the detection of HPV 16 and HP V 18 genotypes (89.9%, kappa=0.65). In correlation with cytologic results, the sensitivities and specificities of the HPV 4 ACE test and HC 2 assay were 92.9% vs. 92.9% and 48.1% vs. 50.8%, respectively, when high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were regarded as abnormal cytologies. The novel HPV 4 ACE test is a valuable tool for the detection of high-risk HPVs and for genotyping of HPV 16 and HPV 18

Trends in Epidemiology of Neonatal Sepsis in a Tertiary Center in Korea: A 26-Year Longitudinal Analysis, 1980-2005

There were many reports of longitudinal changes in the causative organisms of neonatal sepsis in Western countries but few in Asia. We aimed to study longitudinal trends in the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis at Seoul National University Children's Hospital (SNUCH), a tertiary center in Korea, and compared the results to previous studies of Western countries. The medical records of all of the neonates who were hospitalized at SNUCH from 1996 to 2005 with positive blood cultures were reviewed. We also compared the findings to previous 16-yr (1980-1995). One hundred and forty-nine organisms were identified in 147 episodes from 134 infants. In comparison with the previous 16-yr studies, there was a decrease in the number of Escherichia coli infections (16.2% vs 8.7%: odds ratio [OR] 0.495; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.255-0.962; P = 0.035), but an increase in Staphylococcus aureus (16.6% vs 25.5%: OR 1.720; 95% CI, 1.043-2.839; P = 0.033) and fungal infections (3.3% vs 18.7%: OR 6.740; 95% CI, 2.981-15.239; P < 0.001), predominantly caused by Candida species. In conclusion, the incidence of sepsis caused by E. coli decreases, but S. aureus and fungal sepsis increases significantly. Compared with Western studies, the incidence of sepsis caused by S. aureus and fungus has remarkably increased