Consistency and Completeness of Rewriting in the Calculus of Constructions

Adding rewriting to a proof assistant based on the Curry-Howard isomorphism, such as Coq, may greatly improve usability of the tool. Unfortunately adding an arbitrary set of rewrite rules may render the underlying formal system undecidable and inconsistent. While ways to ensure termination and confluence, and hence decidability of type-checking, have already been studied to some extent, logical consistency has got little attention so far. In this paper we show that consistency is a consequence of canonicity, which in turn follows from the assumption that all functions defined by rewrite rules are complete. We provide a sound and terminating, but necessarily incomplete algorithm to verify this property. The algorithm accepts all definitions that follow dependent pattern matching schemes presented by Coquand and studied by McBride in his PhD thesis. It also accepts many definitions by rewriting, containing rules which depart from standard pattern matching.Comment: 20 page

Historyczno-polityczne uwarunkowania nacjonalizmu baskijskiego

Publikacja stanowi wybór tekstów prezentowanych w ramach Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej „Państwo w państwie? Terytoria autonomiczne, państwa nieuznawane i ruchy separatystyczne w przestrzeni międzynarodowej” (Łódź 2014). Jak pisze recenzent książki, dr hab. Łukasz Donaj: „Państwa są wciąż podstawowymi jednostkami organizacji świata, a przez stulecia były właściwie jedynymi uczestnikami w stosunkach międzynarodowych. W dalszym ciągu ich rola w stosunkach międzynarodowych jest dominująca, chociaż niewątpliwie widoczne są objawy osłabienia. Obecnie coraz wyraźniej zauważane są procesy ewolucji tradycyjnej roli państwa w stosunkach międzynarodowych. Państwo, będące specyficzną formą organizacji życia społecznego, stara się przystosować do zmian zachodzących w jego wnętrzu i w środowisku”

Extracting Angular Observables without a Likelihood and Applications to Rare Decays

Our goal is to obtain a complete set of angular observables arising in a generic multi-body process. We show how this can be achieved without the need to carry out a likelihood fit of the angular distribution to the measured events. Instead, we apply the method of moments that relies both on the orthogonality of angular functions and the estimation of integrals by Monte Carlo techniques. The big advantage of this method is that the joint distribution of all observables can be easily extracted, even for very few events. The method of moments is shown to be robust against mismodeling of the angular distribution. Our main result is an explicit algorithm that accounts for systematic uncertainties from detector-resolution and acceptance effects. Finally, we present the necessary process-dependent formulae needed for direct application of the method to several rare decays of interest.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Intraorbital wooden foreign body — a case report

Background: Wood as an intraorbital foreign body (IOFB) is infrequent, and as it is organic matter patients represent an increased risk of infection. The aim of this study is to report the complexity of treatment of patient with a wooden IOFB. We describe a case of a 67-year-old male with a wooden IOFB. Case report: On referral, the patient presented with exophthalmos, pain, blurry vision and discharge from his left eye was admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk. The previous evening, he fell with his face down. Computed tomography revealed a low-density IOFB of approximately -980 Hounsfield Units, sized 62 × 8 mm, in the area of left orbit, ethmoid and sphenoid sinus. Subsequently, the IOFB was removed under general anaesthesia. After three days of empirical antibiotic therapy, the patient was discharged with a switch to oral antibiotics. Shortly after the conversion to oral therapy, he developed an orbital inflammatory syndrome and was readmitted to the hospital. His condition improved after readministration of parenteral antibiotics. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that wooden IOFBs should be treated with caution. Parenteral antibiotic delivery leads to higher serum levels than with oral intake, and in this case, was essential in preventing infection after IOFB removal

Przekład ody Felica Gawriiła Dierżawina na język polski – konteksty i komentarze

The article is a commentary to the new translation of Gavrila Derzhavin’s poem dedicated to Catherine II, entitled Ode to Felica. The translation was made by the author of the article herself. Until today, there has been only one known translation of the ode, created in the 19th century by a second-rate poet; therefore, it does not exist in the Polish poetic tradition. The first part of the article recalls the creation and publication history of Ode to Felica along with some aspects of the previous translations of Derzhavin’s poetry into the Polish language.  The next part describes the challenges and difficulties that the translator had to cope with during her work. The first challenge was the choice of the poem’s form (the metrical pattern). Ode to Felica is written in the most common metrical pattern in Russian poetry, namely iambic tetrameter, which is difficult to achieve in Polish prosody. In order to keep the original’s suprasegmental, the author of the translation decided to use iambic meter in most octosyllabic lines. To comply with the original text, the stress on the penultimate syllable was kept in the endings of nine-syllable lines as was the number of syllables in lines and the arrangement and type of rhymes.  Another challenge was to maintain the stylistic diversity of the poem. Individual fragments of Derzhavin’s ode are characterised by stylistic heterogeneity. The style varies depending on the characters and objects described by the lyrical subject. Intertwining colloquial language with high style is one of the characteristic features of the poem; therefore, it was extremely important to recreate it in the translation.  Some difficulties occurred also during the translation of cultural elements, such as Polish equivalents of one of the Russian folk games along with the titles of folk stories and the names of their protagonists.  The translation of Ode to Felica into the Polish language is attached to the article.Artykuł jest komentarzem do nowego tłumaczenia ody Gawriiła Dierżawina Felica poświęconej Katarzynie II, dokonanego przez autorkę artykułu. Do tej pory oda tłumaczona była tylko raz, w wieku XIX przez Wincentego Kiszkę-Zgierskiego, jednak przekład ten nie funkcjonuje w polskiej tradycji poetyckiej. W pierwszej części artykułu przypomniano dzieje powstania i publikacji Felicy oraz niektóre aspekty dotychczasowych tłumaczeń poezji Dierżawina na język polski. W rozwinięciu przedstawiono największe wyzwania stojące przed autorką przekładu ody Dierżawina, czyli wybór formatu wiersza, dążenie do zachowania zróżnicowania stylistycznego oraz trudności związane z tłumaczeniem elementów kulturowych. Do artykułu dołączono tekst tłumaczenia ody Felica

Z problematyki początków szkolnictwa średniego w Oświęcimiu

The article reconstructs the events connected with the beginning years of the grammar school in Oświęcim (today’s Konarski Secondary School). The work of Feliks Tobiczyk, the founder of the school who came from Oświęcim and was a professor in the grammar school in Łańcut, is also reconstructed in the article.The foundation of the grammar school in Oświęcim had a few stages. At the beginning (presumably in December 1914) the grammar school courses were set up in order to satisfy the temporary needs of a huge number of pupils who were escaping from the Russian and left their home schools. 29th January 1915 is the first certain date in the history of the courses. On that day fr. Karol Szałaśny, the parish priest in Oświęcim, sent a letter (which was discovered by the author of the article) to the consistory in Kraków asking them to assign a religion teacher to the school headed by Tobiczyk.The success of the grammar school courses as well as the appeals of the local community made Tobiczyk decide to found a full secondary school in Oświęcim. He devoted himself to the foundation of the school in September 1916 and headed it at his own cost until 1919. Then the school was taken over by Secondary School Society in Oświęcim.The article reconstructs the events connected with the beginning years of the grammar school in Oświęcim (today’s Konarski Secondary School). The work of Feliks Tobiczyk, the founder of the school who came from Oświęcim and was a professor in the grammar school in Łańcut, is also reconstructed in the article.The foundation of the grammar school in Oświęcim had a few stages. At the beginning (presumably in December 1914) the grammar school courses were set up in order to satisfy the temporary needs of a huge number of pupils who were escaping from the Russian and left their home schools. 29th January 1915 is the first certain date in the history of the courses. On that day fr. Karol Szałaśny, the parish priest in Oświęcim, sent a letter (which was discovered by the author of the article) to the consistory in Kraków asking them to assign a religion teacher to the school headed by Tobiczyk.The success of the grammar school courses as well as the appeals of the local community made Tobiczyk decide to found a full secondary school in Oświęcim. He devoted himself to the foundation of the school in September 1916 and headed it at his own cost until 1919. Then the school was taken over by Secondary School Society in Oświęcim

Pojęcie ładu w filozofii politycznej Josepha de Maistre’a. Kilka uwag o podstawach tradycjonalistycznej nostalgii za ancien régime’em

On February 26, 2021, 200 years have passed since the death of the most eminent representative of traditionalism, a reactionary doctrine arising out of opposition to the French Revolution and requiring the defense of the ancien régime. The counter-revolution was a complex concept rooted in ontology, theology, epistemology, and the philosophy of language. It provokes a reflection on the political, legal, social and religious order, also today as a doctrine that was created in the modern era, but directed against it. The main research goal is a thorough analysis of Joseph de Maistre’s attitude, determining his attitude to the revolution and the vision of the state order, which will allow to illustrate the essence of traditionalist thought expressing nostalgia for the old world scheme.

An object in a human development to maturity : "The big green tent" by Ludmila Ulitskaya

The article concerns very typical issues of Ludmila Ulitskaya’s prose, namely childhood and maturity as well as relationship between human and things (objects). In the novel entitled The Big Green Tent the process of moral development is described. It involves, among other things, sudden events of crucial and initiatory character, which have the features of special ritual. During rituals the heroes are submitted to physical and mental resilience tests. There are some objects inherent to heroes’ initiation. In the novel they go beyond the inanimate matter, which is passive and submitted to human will. They are personified, have their own history and what is most important they are the driving force, the initiators of turning points which affect heroes’ future. Those objects are: a camera, skates and a knife. Revealing the objects’ "agency" is one of main aims of the article. Agency of above mentioned objects manifests itself by the way they influence heroes’ behavior, interfere in their future and play significant role in heroes’ development to maturity

Coexistence of vitreomacular traction and exudative age-related macular degeneration. A case report

Vitreomacular traction is a common phenomenon causing a decrease in visual acuity, metamorphopsia, and disorders of central vision. The introduction of intravitreal ocriplasmin injection provided a new possibility of noninvasive treatment of this syndrome. The novelty of this case is that the ocriplasmin is a new treatment possibility and its combination with ranibizumab treatment has rarely been reported. The aim was to report a case of an 83-year-old man treated with intravitreal ocriplasmin and ranibizumab injections because of coexisting vitreomacular traction and exudative age-related macular degeneration. A patient was referred to our clinic due to complaints about progressive central visual acuity decrease and metamorphopsia in the right eye observed within the last year. Before intravitreal 125-μg ocriplasmin injection the patient underwent ophthalmic examinations including best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp, and fundoscopy and optical coherence tomography. After diagnosing with exudative age-related macular degeneration the patient was referred to three loading doses of anti-VEGF therapy. Three weeks after ocriplasmin injection the patient’s best corrected visual acuity improved. Ophthalmic examinations revealed the occurrence of exudative age-related macular degeneration. After three loading doses of anti-VEGF therapy ophthalmic examinations disclosed vitreomacular traction release and retinal fluid absorption. Coexistence of vitreomacular diseases may be the reason for poor response to anti-VEGF treatment in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration. Simultaneously, pharmacological vitreolysis using ocriplasmin injection may be an effective and safe method of vitreomacular traction treatment.

Funkcje asystenta studenta niepełnosprawnego w polskich uniwersytetach

The concept of assistantship of disabled people derives from an idea that assumed their independent life. The basic assumption of assistantship is to support the disabled, but not to replace them. Moreover, the main aim of this approach is to make these people independent. The crucial fact is also stimulating the disabled group of students to lead an active life. The goal of the work is to know and consider the peculiarity of the functioning of assistants of disabled students at Polish Universities. The paper contains a literature query of the discussed scope - both domestic and foreign. The theoretical part of the work is devoted to the issues of disability, the role and tasks of the assistant of the disabled person and the issue of adulthood and higher education. Whereas, the research part includes the results of the conducted studies. The research group included the students with disabilities, their assistants and employees of universities. The obtained research material allowed to select the final conclusions and present the guidelines for further work for assistants of disabled students. In addition, a "Quasi model" of the assistantships for students with disabilities was also generated