How did revenue diversification affect bank performance in emerging economies during the financial crisis?

This study examines the impact of revenue diversification on bank performance in group E7 including seven largest emerging countries during financial crisis from 2007 to 2010. They are Brazil, China, Indonesia, India, Mexico, Turkey and Russia. The tests are executed to investigate whether revenue diversification strategy offers better risk-return tradeoffs and therefore boost performance and greater safety for these emerging banking industries. The thesis documents the increase of non-interest income at those banks in the period of time, and then assesses the financial implications of changes by evaluating diversification and risk-adjusted return measurement. Multiple regressions analyses using cross-sectional regressions and fixed effects regressions on panel data are applied. Evidence suggests that diversification benefits exist in emerging banks during financial crisis, and these gains have been offset by the increased exposure to non-interest activities. The diversification benefits are also found in individual banks over time. The findings also reveal that revenue diversification effect is non-linear with risk and it is conditioned by the risk level. Moreover, empirical diversification is seen to be not homogeneous across bank specific pillars. Interestingly, it apparently indicates that the diversification effect is found to positive and quantitatively large for other-bank category, comparatively less benefits for commercial banks, and insignificant prosperity for investment banks and cooperative banks. Finally, empirical findings prove that banks which are large and well-capitalized have more incentives to diversify.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format

Buyer behavior the short supply chain model of agricultural products in Vietnam

The article explores how to build and perfect a short agricultural supply chain model in Vietnam as well as the behavior of buyers via social networks regarding the short supply chain model. Data was collected from a survey of 100 samples including farmer households and 402 samples from consumers. The article uses the Structural Equation Model to analyze sthe impact of factors on product consumption behavior in the short supply chain of agricultural products. Research shows that interest in consuming local food is growing. In this model, consumer behavior plays an important role in the success of the short-term supply chain model. When purchasing through this model, consumers can be assured of the quality and freshness of the product. Therefore, businesses and farmers need to pay more attention to developing this model in the future. The government needs to develop information technology and transportation infrastructure to promote this model

The politics of numbers and additionality governing the national Payment for Forest Environmental Services scheme in Vietnam: A case study from Son La province

Payments for forest environmental services (PFES) is a major breakthrough policy in the Vietnamese forestry sector because it contributes 25% of the total investments in the forestry sector and serves as the first market-based instrument employed to protect forests. However, there is little empirical evidence of its effectiveness. Is the policy meeting the core objectives of improving forest cover and forest quality and is it also achieving its claims of supporting local livelihoods? This paper analyses the environmental, social, and economic impacts of PFES in Son La province, the longest standing implementation of a PFES scheme in Vietnam. Our study uses a sampling method that incorporates pre-matching and a before-after-control-intervention approach. Data was collected from government statistics, remote sensing analysis, focus group discussions involving 236 people, surveys with a total of 240 households, and key informant interviews with 45 people. Our findings show that additionality of PFES in Son La is controversial and depends on who collects the data and what data is used to evaluate the impacts of PFES. Data collection is also politicized to serve central, provincial and district government interests. Evidence shows that PFES has provided little additional income to individual villagers to protect forests in Son La. However, total PFES revenue paid to communities generates significant income for village communities. Moreover, not all villagers can receive continuous payments from PFES, meaning that PFES has not become a stable source of income, rendering the permanence of PFES limited. Improving monitoring and evaluation policies coupled with transparent, inclusive, independent mechanisms are essential to providing a more accurate reflection of impacts from PFES in Vietnam

The Determinants of Organic Food Consumption of Young People : Theoretical Research on Vietnamese Students

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Climate change effects and their implications for the financial markets: Evidence from the United Kingdom

This study aims to examine how the climate affects the behaviour of the stock market. To achieve this, we have drawn on daily data from Jan 2005 to Jan 31, 2023 and several environmental factors (e.g., temperature, humidity, cloud cover and visibility) to account for extreme weather conditions using the 21-day moving average and its standard deviation. The empirical analysis has revealed three key findings regarding the impact of weather on the stock market's behaviour. First, various forms of extreme weather conditions consistently lead to influence stock behaviour. Second, results provide valuable insights into market behaviour and help investors to make more informed investment decisions. Third, the weather conditions have new information about the climate risk and investors should react to it swiftly in light of our findings. The saliency theory can help reconcile the theoretical conflicts between the real options and risk-shifting theories when it comes to investing in uncertain and extreme climate conditions

BUILDING A DIGITAL COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS, AND PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN VIETNAM IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

Digital transformation is becoming an inevitable trend in public administration, requiring cadres, civil servants, and public employees to be fully equipped with digital capacity to meet the requirements of digital government and provide effective public services. This study focuses on building a digital capacity framework for civil servants and public employees in the context of digital transformation in Vietnam. Based on the analysis of international models such as the European Digital Capacity Framework (DigComp), UNESCO Digital Capacity Framework, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and practices in Vietnam. The article proposes a digital capacity framework consisting of three main groups: (1) General digital capacity (including basic digital skills, digital communication, information security, and data processing); (2) Professional digital capacity (linked to the professional requirements of each public service position, data mining, information system operation); and (3) Leadership and management capacity in the digital environment (strategic vision, innovation, data governance, and evidence-based decision making). This digital capacity framework helps guide training, fostering, capacity assessment, and development of public human resources in the digital age.  Article visualizations

Cut-Off Point Value to Evaluate Abnormality of Systolic Deformation Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the cut-off value that can be used to evaluate systolic deformation parameters and the prevalence of abnormalities in left ventricular function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: The study used a cross-sectional descriptive method. The study’s sample size was 311 people (including 192 subjects with T2D and 119 subjects as the controls). The subjects who participated had to meet both the exclusion criteria and inclusion criteria. Besides clinical examinations, they underwent an echocardiography and laboratory tests. Statistical analyses included frequency, mean, unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The average age of the T2D group was 66.5 ± 10.2 years, and the control group were aged 64.7 ± 6.0 years; the groups comprised 37% men and 63% women. The cut-off value to evaluate the abnormality of global longitudinal strain (GLS) was –19%, the global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR) was –1.9 1/s, the global circumferential strain (GCS) was  27.4%, the global circumferential strain rate (GCSR) was –3.2 1/s, and the longitudinal — circumferential index was  22.4%. The proportion of T2D patients with abnormal GLS was 78.6%, GLSR was 65.1%, GCS was 45.8%, GCSR was 60.9%, and longitudinal-circumferential index was 50%. Conclusions: Speckle tracking echocardiography was more sensitive in identifying subclinical myocardial dysfunction than conventional echocardiography. A large proportion of patients with T2D had abnormal left ventricular systolic deformation, even though the ejection fraction was still normal

Khảo sát hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa, kháng viêm và kháng khuẩn của cây rau dệu (Alternanthera sessilis)

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện để xác định hóa thực vật và hoạt tính sinh học của các cao thân lá, thân và lá rau dệu. Hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa được xác định dựa vào hoạt động trung hòa hoặc ức chế các gốc tự do phi sinh học. Hoạt tính kháng viêm được xác định dựa trên khả năng bảo vệ màng tế bào hồng cầu và ức chế sự biến tính protein. Hoạt tính kháng khuẩn được xác định dựa vào đường kính vòng kháng khuẩn, nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu, nồng độ diệt khuẩn tối thiểu. Các cao rau dệu có hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa, kháng viêm với giá trị EC50 dao động từ 50,60±0,29 đến 125,58±7,12 µg/mL. Các cao rau dệu ức chế vi khuẩn Gram dương hiệu quả hơn Gram âm, nồng độ diệt khuẩn tối thiểu dao động từ 250 đến 2.000 µg/mL. Hoạt động kháng oxy hóa, kháng viêm và kháng khuẩn của rau dệu có liên quan đến hàm lượng polyphenol, flavonoid và alkaloid. Kết quả này cho thấy tiềm năng sử dụng cao rau dệu như chất kháng oxy hóa, kháng viêm, kháng khuẩn tự nhiên

The private sector : Can zero deforestation commitments save tropical forests?

Key messages • There are three approaches to private sector commitments on zero deforestation: individual company or group-level adoption of voluntary standards; sector-wide supply chain-based interventions; and mixed supply chain and territorial initiatives at jurisdictional level. • The main implementation challenges of these approaches are the limits of voluntary standards, traceability systems that are difficult to implement, selective actions that cannot deliver at scale, associated leakage effects, and persistence of segmented supply chains. • Approaches have evolved to deal with such challenges, however progress requires committed companies to increase implementation efforts, other supply chain actors to adhere to commitments, and governments to harness the potential of jurisdictional approaches.Peer reviewe

Evaluation of morphological characteristics of tomato accessions at the National Plant Genebank in Vietnam

The present study aims to evaluate the morphological characteristics of 50 tomato accessions conservating at the National Plant Genebank of Vietnam at Plant Resources Center (PRC), located in An Khanh commune, Hoai Duc district, Hanoi City in the spring-summer season of 2023, to select potential tomato varieties for production. The research methods are National Technical Standards and Testing for tomato plants, including QCVN 01-63:2011/BNNPTNT, QCVN 01-70:2011/BNNPTNT, and characterization and preliminary evaluation for tomatoes issued by the Plant Resources Center. The results showed a remarkable variation in the expression of growth stages from sowing to final harvest. There was significant diversity in morphological traits such as stem type, growth habit, predominant shape, fruit interior flesh color, fruit wall thickness, etc. The fruit yield of the evaluated tomato accessions ranged from 16.5 to 52.6 tons/ha. This study identified ten potential tomato accessions for further studies in breeding varieties for tomato production. The identified tomato accessions exhibit high-quality fruit, diverse fruit sizes, and attractive colors and shapes. The time from sowing to the first harvest ranged from 89 to 103 d, a fruiting rate of over 75%, a harvest time of 17 to 21 d, a total fruit weight per plant over 1.6 kg, and fruit yield reached from 18.0 to 47.9 tons/ha. During the harvest period, these accessions demonstrated robust growth and were resistant to certain diseases