When it’s okay to hit: How Turkish and U.S. preschoolers and adults make judgments about permissible and impermissible acts of force

To navigate their complex social worlds, children need to make judgments about when, if ever, it is okay to use force against others. By adulthood, most come to condemn violence in most situations yet accept or even encourage force in other situations, such as self-defense or contact sports. This research examined key factors expected to guide how preschoolers and adults make judgments about permissible and impermissible force. These factors included the antecedent events—preceding the force act—and the emotion attributed to the victim. In four studies with Turkish and U.S. preschoolers and adults, an interviewer presented participants with vignettes in which one child used force against another. The antecedent event significantly affected children's and, to an even greater extent, adults’ judgments about force. Participants were also more likely to judge force as permissible when they attributed positive or neutral emotions to the victim. Some cultural differences also emerged. The findings shed light on how children begin to draw moral distinctions between permissible and impermissible force

Adults’ responses to young children’s transgressions: A new method for understanding everyday social interactions

In the current research, we examined adult responses to recordings of everyday transgressions committed by young children. This research adopted a new method for assessing adults’ interpretations, evaluations, and proposed interventions in response to children’s transgressions

Topographic evolution of heat-treated Nb upon electropolishing for superconducting rf applications

Surface finish plays an essential role in the performance of superconducting radio frequency cavities. Several surface treatments have been developed to reduce surface resistance at a moderate accelerating gradient. We investigated the effects of sequential electropolishing on samples vacuum heat-treated at 300 and 600 °C and N-doped Nb samples using atomic force microscopy. The N-doping process precipitates niobium nitrides within grains and, most notably, continuously and deeply along some grain boundaries. Upon electropolishing, the nitrides are preferentially removed leaving behind a topographically imperfect surface marked by relatively deep holes and grooves with low radius of curvature edges. The progression of magnetic field enhancement and superheating field suppression factors upon electropolishing were investigated using atomic force micrographs. While minor changes in magnetic field enhancement and superheating field suppression factors are observed for the 300 and 600 °C heat-treated Nb, substantial improvements are observed for N-doped Nb. In this system, the most severe topographic defects are the grain boundary grooves which substantially suppress the superheating field. We find that the severity of topographic defects is related to the N-doping process

Development of Treatments for Localized Prostate Cancer in Patients Eligible for Active Surveillance: U.S. Food and Drug Administration Oncology Center of Excellence Public Workshop

PURPOSE: The following is a summary of discussion at a United States FDA (Food and Drug Administration) public workshop reviewing potential trial designs and end points to develop therapies to treat localized prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The workshop focused on the challenge that drug and device development to treat localized prostate cancer has been limited by the large trial sizes and lengthy timelines required to demonstrate an improvement in overall or metastasis-free survival and by the lack of agreed on alternative end points. Additionally, evolving treatment paradigms in the management of localized prostate cancer include the widespread use of active surveillance of patients with low and some intermediate risk prostate cancer, and the availability of advances in imaging and genomics. RESULTS: The workshop addressed issues related to trial design in this setting. Attendees discussed several potential novel end points such as a delay of morbidity due to radiation or prostatectomy and pathological end points such as Gleason Grade Group upgrade. CONCLUSIONS: The workshop provided an open forum for multiple stakeholder engagement to advance the development of effective treatment options for men with localized prostate cancer

Relatos de viajeros de Estados Unidos en Hispanoamérica, s. XIX [Recurso electrónico]

Tipo de archivo: TextoPC 486 ; 8 Mb de memoria RAM; MS-DOS 6.0 y Microsoft Windows 3.1 o superior; Espacio libre en disco superior a 10 Mb; Monitor VGA; Lector de CD-ROMTít. tomado de la etiquetaBaxley, Henry Willis: What I saw on the west coast of South and North America and at the Hawaiian Islands. New York: D. Appleton, 1865. -- Bishop, Nathaniel Holmes: The Pampas and Andes: A thousand miles´ walk across South America. Boston: Lee and Shepard; New York: Lee, Shepard and Dillingham, 1868. -- Bishop, William Henry: Old Mexico and her lost provinces: A journey in Mexico, Southern California and Arizona by way of Cuba. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1883. -- Bourne, Benjamin Franklin: The captive in Patagonia; or, life among the giants: A personal narrative. Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1853. -- Brigham, Willian Tufts: Guatemala: The land of the Quetzal. New York: Charles Scribner’s sons, 1887. -- Butterworth, Hezekiah: Lost in Nicaragua: Or among coffee farms and banana lands, in the countries of the Great Canal. Boston; Chicago:W. A.Wilde & Company, 1898. -- Calderón De La Barca, Frances Erskine: Life in Mexico during a residence of two years in that country. London: J. M. Dent & sons; NewYork: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1843. -- Charles, Cecil: Honduras: The land of great depths. Chicago; New York: Rand, Mac Nally & Company, 1890. -- Child, Theodore: The Spanish-American Republics. New York; London: Harper & Brothers, 1902. -- Cincinnatus (Pseud): Travels on the western slope of the Mexican cordillera, in the form of the fifty-one letters. San Francisco:Whitton, Towne and Co., 1857. -- Colton, Rev.Walter: Deck and Port; or, incidents of a cruise in the United States frigate Congress to California: with sketches of Rio Janeiro, Valparaiso, Lima, Honolulu and San Francisco. New York: A. S. Barnes & Co., 1850. -- Curtis, William Eleroy: The capitals of Spanish America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1888. -- Davis, Richard Harding: Three gringos in Venezuela and Central America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896. -- Evans, Albert S.: Our sister republic: A gala trip through tropical Mexico in 1869-70. Toledo, Ohio: Columbian Book Company; San Francisco, California: A. L. Bancroft and Company, 1870. -- Fabens, Joseph Warren: A story of life on the Isthmus. NewYork: George P. Putnam & Co., 1853. -- Ford, Isaac Nelson: Tropical America. NewYork: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1893. -- Gibbes, Robert Wilson: Cuba for invalids. New York: W. A. Townsend and Company, 1860. -- Holton, Isaac Farwell: New Granada: Twenty months in the Andes. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1857. -- Howe, Julia Ward: A trip to Cuba. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860. -- McHatton-Ripley, Eliza Moore: From flag to flag: A woman’s adventures and experiences in the south during the war, in Mexico, and in Cuba. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1880. -- Merwin, Loretta L.: Three years in Chili. New York: Follett, Foster and Company, 1863. -- Norman, Benjamin Moore: Rambles in Yucatan; or, notes of travel through the peninsula,: including a visit to the remarkable ruins of Chi-Chen, Kabah, Zayi and Uxmal. New York: J. & Henry G. Langley, 1843. -- Ober, Frederick Albion: Puerto Rico and its resources. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1899. -- Oswald, Felix L.: Summerland sketches,... Mexico and Central America. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1880. -- Rankin, Melinda: Twenty years among the Mexicans: A narrative of missionary labor. Cincinnati: Chase & Hall, 1875. -- Scruggs, William Lindsay: The Colombian and Venezuelan republics:With notes on other parts of Central and South America. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1905. -- Smith, Francis Hopkinson: A white umbrella in Mexico. Boston; NewYork: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1894. -- Steele, James William: Cuban sketches. NewYork: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1881. -- Steuart, John: Bogota in 1836-7: Being a narrative of an expedition to the capital in New-Grenada, and a residence there of eleven months. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1838. -- Strain, LT. Isaac G.: Cordillera and Pampa,... Chili and the Argentine. New York: Horace H. Moore, 1853. -- Taylor, William: Our South American cousins. New York: Nelson and Phillips; London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1879. -- Wiborg, Frank: A commercial traveller in South America: Being the experiences and impressions of an American business man on a trip through Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, the Argentine and Brazil. NewYork: Mac Clure, Phillips & Co., 1905

Relatos de viajeros de Estados Unidos en Hispanoamérica, s. XIX [Recurso electrónico]

Tipo de archivo: TextoPC 486 ; 8 Mb de memoria RAM; MS-DOS 6.0 y Microsoft Windows 3.1 o superior; Espacio libre en disco superior a 10 Mb; Monitor VGA; Lector de CD-ROMTít. tomado de la etiquetaBaxley, Henry Willis: What I saw on the west coast of South and North America and at the Hawaiian Islands. New York: D. Appleton, 1865. -- Bishop, Nathaniel Holmes: The Pampas and Andes: A thousand miles´ walk across South America. Boston: Lee and Shepard; New York: Lee, Shepard and Dillingham, 1868. -- Bishop, William Henry: Old Mexico and her lost provinces: A journey in Mexico, Southern California and Arizona by way of Cuba. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1883. -- Bourne, Benjamin Franklin: The captive in Patagonia; or, life among the giants: A personal narrative. Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1853. -- Brigham, Willian Tufts: Guatemala: The land of the Quetzal. New York: Charles Scribner’s sons, 1887. -- Butterworth, Hezekiah: Lost in Nicaragua: Or among coffee farms and banana lands, in the countries of the Great Canal. Boston; Chicago:W. A.Wilde & Company, 1898. -- Calderón De La Barca, Frances Erskine: Life in Mexico during a residence of two years in that country. London: J. M. Dent & sons; NewYork: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1843. -- Charles, Cecil: Honduras: The land of great depths. Chicago; New York: Rand, Mac Nally & Company, 1890. -- Child, Theodore: The Spanish-American Republics. New York; London: Harper & Brothers, 1902. -- Cincinnatus (Pseud): Travels on the western slope of the Mexican cordillera, in the form of the fifty-one letters. San Francisco:Whitton, Towne and Co., 1857. -- Colton, Rev.Walter: Deck and Port; or, incidents of a cruise in the United States frigate Congress to California: with sketches of Rio Janeiro, Valparaiso, Lima, Honolulu and San Francisco. New York: A. S. Barnes & Co., 1850. -- Curtis, William Eleroy: The capitals of Spanish America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1888. -- Davis, Richard Harding: Three gringos in Venezuela and Central America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896. -- Evans, Albert S.: Our sister republic: A gala trip through tropical Mexico in 1869-70. Toledo, Ohio: Columbian Book Company; San Francisco, California: A. L. Bancroft and Company, 1870. -- Fabens, Joseph Warren: A story of life on the Isthmus. NewYork: George P. Putnam & Co., 1853. -- Ford, Isaac Nelson: Tropical America. NewYork: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1893. -- Gibbes, Robert Wilson: Cuba for invalids. New York: W. A. Townsend and Company, 1860. -- Holton, Isaac Farwell: New Granada: Twenty months in the Andes. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1857. -- Howe, Julia Ward: A trip to Cuba. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860. -- McHatton-Ripley, Eliza Moore: From flag to flag: A woman’s adventures and experiences in the south during the war, in Mexico, and in Cuba. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1880. -- Merwin, Loretta L.: Three years in Chili. New York: Follett, Foster and Company, 1863. -- Norman, Benjamin Moore: Rambles in Yucatan; or, notes of travel through the peninsula,: including a visit to the remarkable ruins of Chi-Chen, Kabah, Zayi and Uxmal. New York: J. & Henry G. Langley, 1843. -- Ober, Frederick Albion: Puerto Rico and its resources. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1899. -- Oswald, Felix L.: Summerland sketches,... Mexico and Central America. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1880. -- Rankin, Melinda: Twenty years among the Mexicans: A narrative of missionary labor. Cincinnati: Chase & Hall, 1875. -- Scruggs, William Lindsay: The Colombian and Venezuelan republics:With notes on other parts of Central and South America. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1905. -- Smith, Francis Hopkinson: A white umbrella in Mexico. Boston; NewYork: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1894. -- Steele, James William: Cuban sketches. NewYork: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1881. -- Steuart, John: Bogota in 1836-7: Being a narrative of an expedition to the capital in New-Grenada, and a residence there of eleven months. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1838. -- Strain, LT. Isaac G.: Cordillera and Pampa,... Chili and the Argentine. New York: Horace H. Moore, 1853. -- Taylor, William: Our South American cousins. New York: Nelson and Phillips; London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1879. -- Wiborg, Frank: A commercial traveller in South America: Being the experiences and impressions of an American business man on a trip through Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, the Argentine and Brazil. NewYork: Mac Clure, Phillips & Co., 1905

Emil Minchev

msp 2014 vol. 7, no. 5 involv