A non-invasive air-coupled v-type ultrasonic leak detection system

New method for non-attached ultrasound PVC pipe monitoring is proposed for vibration and pressure leak detection systems. The advantages of this method is that it can provide a quick and accurate means of detecting leakage in between each pair of sensors while transmitting results wirelessly. The selected PVC pipeline aims to present an example to fill the fundamental gap for monitoring the plastic water pipelines. The monitoring system is a modified V-type ultrasonic air-coupled and a redesign of circuitry to bring low power consumption to 2.5mw in full functionality. The operation is tested and verified in laboratory in which the system is able to recognize leakage up to 0.4mm in diameter with 94.97% accuracy even for water pressure (less than 1 bar). System alarming is also designed in a way to ignore pipe vibration as a result of changes in pressure and reduce false error significantly

Non-invasive application for domestic pipeline monitoring and corrosion detection

In this paper a method of assessment and control of condition for domestic pipelines is proposed and been tested for a pair. Most of the previous works has been designed for long range pipes as they may carry valuable liquids. But having a system to monitor domestic’s pipes also can help to save so much time and energy in future as leaking itself can be destructive in structures. This system is applying much lower frequency (40 kHz) in compare to other similar systems (above hundreds megahertz) which leads to lower power consumption. This ultrasonic wave is applied to short distance pipes to observe the changes and detect the leakage base on adjusted thresholds amplitude. It is able to detect smallest changes as the matter of difference in acoustic waves for healthy and damaged pipes. The alarming system works by analyzing output signals from receivers. Ultrasonic sensors are having 40 kHz central frequency for both transmitter and receiver with best responsibility at face to face condition. Acoustic sensors are working independently in pair and by dismissing one pair others will not affect continuity of data acquisition. For this paper a couple of transducer (a transmitter and receiver) operation has been investigated. By understanding the functionality of a pair can analyse show they are working in more numbers. This system is a cheap, easy to assemble, install and maintain for homes and most of public facilities such as schools, hospitals, parks, offices and business buildings. It doesn’t need any particular constriction or changes in pipeline structures

Investigation of the Relationships among Narcissism, Humanity, Interpersonal Control Perception and Envy in Male and Female Employees

Abstract Envy is one of the most common human emotions related directly to interpersonal relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among narcissism, common humanity and interpersonal control perception with envy. To do this, 140 male and female employees from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz were chosen through random sampling. They completed questionnaires of Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HNS), interpersonal control perception subscales of Perceived Control Across Domains Scale (PCADS) and common humanity subscale of Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and the Envy Assessment based on Islamic Sources. The gathered data were then analyzed by SPSS (21.0 version) and Stepwise Regression Analysis was used to analyze the research hypotheses. The results showed that narcissism and common humanity were the most important predictors of envy in female employees and interpersonal control perception and narcissism were the most important predictors of envy in male employees. These findings have practical implications for management the envy phenomenon in work environment. Keywords: narcissism, common humanity, interpersonal control                 perception, envy

Spectral Envelope Modelling for Full-Band Speech Coding

Speech coding considering historically narrow-band was in the latest years significantly improved by widening the coded audio bandwidth. However, existing speech coders still employ a limited band source-filter model extended by parametric coding of the higher band. In this thesis, a full-band source-filter model is considered and especially its spectral magnitude envelope modelling. To match full-band operating mode, we modified, tuned and compared two methods, Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) and Distribution Quantization (DQ). LPC uses autoregressive modeling, while DQ quantifies the energy ratios between parts of the spectrum. Parameters of both methods were quantized with multi-stage vector quantization. Objective and subjective evaluations indicate the two methods used in a full-band source-filter coding scheme perform on the same range and are competitive against conventional speech coders requiring an extra bandwidth extension

An integrator based on motion and electrostatic charge

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Design of ultrasonic transducer for leakage detection on PVC water pipeline

Nowadays most of the water pipelines for domestic and commercial areas are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It has advantages such as lighter weight, higher flexibility to comply with ground quake and tremble, higher resistibility to corrosion as a result of climate and temperature changing, along with lower production and installation cost. However, it has less resistibility to endure pressures either from inside or outside the pipeline. Since these pipelines are not for valuable liquids such as petroleum, there is no particular monitoring system available for them yet. In many cases, leakage occurs for months or even years and they cannot be detected unless the leakage effect becomes significant. According to a study 10% of US water pipelines had water loss which estimated to cost around $4.3 billion per year. Almost the same percent of loss or even more is existing in European counties. Therefore having a simple and affordable monitoring system is necessary for natural resources conservation. The conventional pipelines monitoring systems are commonly used to monitor long distance metallic petroleum pipelines and they are not reliable for monitoring the short distance PVC pipelines. This thesis discussed a non-invasive ultrasonic PVC pipelines monitoring system with modified V-topology. The proposed technique uses a pair of 40 KHz ultrasonic transducers with designed interface circuitries for emitting and receiving the signal. The designed interface circuits improved the emitted and received signal along with reduces of power consumption. The analysis carried includes signal fitness recognition and normalized cross-correlation that compared the transmitted and received signal. The developed system consumed 2.5W which can be supply from USB port. The proposed technique is for leak detection with power consumption around 2.5 watts, which can be supplied from universal serial bus or any available battery with more than 0.5 mA current injection. In wireless communication system is transmitting results of pipe monitoring in conjunction with temperature and humidity to the center. This information is available in installed on board LCD and designed webpage through online access. In comparison with available techniques, this ultrasonic monitoring is non-invasive to pipeline as there is no contact or involvement with it. Proposed method is designed to monitor physical condition of PVC pipelines and differentiate pipe with leakage from a healthy pipeline by use of air-coupled transducers. The system’s operation has been tested on a general size PVC pipeline with 60 mm diameter for different size of orifices from 3 mm to 6 mm. As a result of experimental tests, system was able to detect orifices as small as 4.5 mm and greater accurately. System applied on pipeline with and without water and results proved that the pipe with very low pressure has very close trend to pipe without water. Occurrence of leakage in pipeline decreases the strength of received signal and increase of orifice tends to weakening it further. Operation tested for different location angles from 20 to 70 degrees and 60 degree was chosen as relatively high signal strength with recognition accuracy of 94.924% and covering area on pipeline near to 90 cm. Along with leak recognition, this research revealed that the smaller angle contributes to longer transducers distance and less accuracy. Then by increase of central frequency angles, accuracy of recognition reduced as well

Adapting Databases and WebDAV Protocol

The ability of the Web to share data regardless of geographical location raises a new issue called remote authoring. With the Internet and Web browsers being independent of hardware, it becomes possible to build Web-enabled database applications. Many approaches are provided to integrate databases into the Web environment, which use the Web's protocol i.e. HTTP to transfer the data between clients and servers. However, those methods are affected by the HTTP shortfalls with regard to remote authoring

Non-invasive application for domestic pipeline monitoring and corrosion detection

In this paper a method of assessment and control of condition for domestic pipelines is proposed and been tested for a pair. Most of the previous works has been designed for long range pipes as they may carry valuable liquids. But having a system to monitor domestic's pipes also can help to save so much time and energy in future as leaking itself can be destructive in structures. This system is applying much lower frequency (40 kHz) in compare to other similar systems (above hundreds megahertz) which leads to lower power consumption. This ultrasonic wave is applied to short distance pipes to observe the changes and detect the leakage base on adjusted thresholds amplitude. It is able to detect smallest changes as the matter of difference in acoustic waves for healthy and damaged pipes. The alarming system works by analyzing output signals from receivers. Ultrasonic sensors are having 40 kHz central frequency for both transmitter and receiver with best responsibility at face to face condition. Acoustic sensors are working independently in pair and by dismissing one pair others will not affect continuity of data acquisition. For this paper a couple of transducer (a transmitter and receiver) operation has been investigated. By understanding the functionality of a pair can analyses how they are working in more numbers. This system is a cheap, easy to assemble, install and maintain for homes and most of public facilities such as schools, hospitals, parks, offices and business buildings. It doesn't need any particular constriction or changes in pipeline structures

The Islamic revolution and the imposed war/ Chamran

27 hal. ; 21 cm