IMPROVED INDOOR POSITIONING USING FINGERPRINT TECHNIQUE AND WEIGHTED K-NEAREST NEIGHBOUR

Global Navigation Satellite Systems are not effective when there is no direct line of sight between the user and the satellites, such as indoor environments and dense urban areas. Today, location-based services are used significantly due to their utility and ease of access. The fingerprint method is one of the common methods of determining the location in indoor environments. In this research, the indoor positioning system based on the fingerprint algorithm with a wireless network has been implemented. The positioning system based on the method of nearest neighbour and weighted K-nearest neighbour with two access points has been implemented in two different scenarios. The output accuracy of each technique has been compared to each other. The main goal of this article is to compare the accuracy of positioning with the fingerprint method using the mentioned algorithms and to find the most suitable mode and algorithm for determining the indoor position in most places. The improved weighted nearest neighbour method will have an almost acceptable result in all scenarios and also in the first scenario with dense and regular reference points the weighted K-nearest neighbour method with RMSE=0.2812(m) has provided the best result. In the second scenario with scattered and irregular reference points the weighted K-nearest neighbour with RMSE=0.6735(m) has given lower accuracy result

Entering the interstitial

Done under the Urban Architecture Graduation studio, this graduation project based in Maastricht, the Netherlands, delves into the theme of renewals in the city’s urban history, followed by a theoretical exploration of interstitial sites in areas which are in the process of transformation and simultaneous de-industrialization. Learning from the past renewals and present conditions of the northern industrial fringe of Maastricht, the design intervention on the former Sappi factory terrain, looks at how existing structures and the spaces between them can be repurposed and reused rather than direct demolition. It also looks at how careful architectural interventions can create harmonious relations between old and new developments and reshape urban environments while preserving traces of the site’s industrial past.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Public Buildin

The structure and diversity of microbial communities in Paederus fuscipes (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): from ecological paradigm to pathobiome

Abstract Background Paederus fuscipes is medically the most famous rove beetle, which causes dermatitis or conjunctivitis in humans, as well as gastrointestinal toxicosis in livestock, via releasing toxic hemolymph containing pederin. Pedrin biosynthesis genes have been identified in uncultured Pseudomonas-like endosymbionts that are speculated to be acquired through a horizontal transfer. However, the composition of the P. fuscipes microbial community, especially of the gut and genital microbiome, remains unclear. This study was aimed to characterize the structure and diversity of P. fuscipes-associated bacterial communities in terms of gender, organ, and location using the Illumina HiSeq platform in the southern littorals of Caspian Sea. Results The OTUs identified from P. fuscipes specimens were collapsed into 40 phyla, 112 classes, 249 orders, 365 families, 576 genera, and 106 species. The most abundant families were Pseudomonadaceae, Spiroplasmataceae, Weeksellaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Rhizobiaceae, respectively. Thirty top genera made up > 94% of the P. fuscipes microbiome, with predominating Pseudomonas, followed by the Spiroplasma, Apibacter, Enterococcus, Dysgonomonas, Sebaldella, Ruminococcus, and Wolbachia. Interesting dissimilarities were also discovered within and between the beetle microbiomes in terms of genders and organs. Analyses showed that Spiroplasma / Apibacter as well as Pseudomonas / Pseudomonas were the most abundant in the genitals / intestines of male and female beetles, respectively. Bacterial richness did not display any significant difference in the three provinces but was higher in male beetles than in females and more in the genitals than intestines. Conclusions The present study identified Pseudomonas-like endobacterium as a common symbiont of P. fuscipes beetles; this bacterium begins its journey from gut and genitalia of females to reach the male rove beetles. Additionally, male and female rove beetles were characterized by distinctive microbiota in different organs, likely reflecting different functions and/or adaptation processes. Evidence of the extension of P. fuscipes microbiome from the environmental paradigm to the pathobiome was also presented herein. A comprehensive survey of P. fuscipes microbiome components may eventually lead to ecological insights into the production and utilization of defensive compound of pederin and also the management of linear dermatitis with the use of available antibiotics against bacterial pathogens released by the beetles. Video Abstrac