Perfil del transcriptoma de raíz de papa resistente y susceptible a Globodera pallida

Globodera pallida is a white potato cyst nematode present in the Andes, which causes huge losses to Peruvian farmers. An RNA-seq analysis allowed the identification of candidate genes that could mediate resistance against this pathogen. Two varieties, “María Huanca” (Solanum andigena) clone resistant (CIP 279142.12) and “Chimbina Colorada” (Solanum chaucha) (CIP 701013) clone susceptible to G. pallida, were used to identify differentially expressed genes. Total RNA from roots was extracted 72 hours post inoculation with second stage juveniles. Sequencing was done using the Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. Reads were screened for quality issues and then mapped to the reference potato genome (clone DM1-3516 R44 v4.03). Here, we report 27717 and 27750 genes expressed in the resistant and susceptible variety respectively. The comparative analysis of expression identified 100 candidate genes. 91 genes were associated with resistance to G. pallida with Fold Change ≥ 2 (p <0.05). The remaining 9 R genes had Fold Change ≤ 1. We show differences in the expression of an NBS-LRR protein similar to Gro1-8, genes linked to late blight and TMV virus resistance.Globodera pallida es un nemátodo formador de quistes. En la papa (Solanum tuberosum) ocasiona daños atrofiando las raíces. En los Andes peruanos ocasiona grandes pérdidas económicas a los agricultores. A través del análisis por RNA-seq, se identificaron genes candidatos que podrían mediar la resistencia contra este nemátodo. Dos variedades de papa: “María Huanca” (S. andigena) clon resistente (CIP 279142.12) y “Chimbina Colorada” (S. chaucha) clon susceptible (CIP 701013) a G. pallida, fueron utilizados para identificar genes expresados diferencialmente. Las raíces fueron inoculadas con G. pallida en segundo estadío juvenil (J2). El ARN total fue extraído a 72 horas post inoculación. El secuenciamiento fue realizado en plataforma Illumina HiSeq 2500. Las lecturas de buena calidad fueron mapeadas al genoma de referencia de S. tuberosum (clon DM1-3516 R44 v4.03). Reportamos 27717 y 27750 genes expresados en la variedad resistente y susceptible, respectivamente. El análisis comparativo identificó 100 genes candidatos, de ellos 91 genes fueron asociados con la resistencia a G. pallida (Fold Change ≥ 2 , p <0.05) y los 9 restantes con genes R ( Fold Change ≤ 1). En este último grupo se observaron diferencias en la expresión de genes NBS-LRR similar a Gro 1-8, genes relacionados a late blight y resistencia al Virus TMV

Effect of pH Variation on Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Bi2Fe4O9

The Pechini synthesis method, presents chemical homogeneity as its main advantage, enabling the desired phase to be obtained. This synthesis usually occurs at pH 7. In this study, Bi2Fe4O9 was synthesized using the Pechini method at different pHs (pH= 3, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 12) to verify if the pH conditions can influence in its photocatalytic activity. The materials obtained at different conditions were characterized by using X rays diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance and scanning electron microscopy by field emission (MEV/FEG).It was possible to synthesize the material under conditions already mentioned, but it was not observed significant differences in the chemical structure of the obtained materials from the characterization techniques. However, they presented a small variation in the band gap values, morphological aspects and photocatalytic activities. All the materials proved to be a good semiconductor, maintaining high degradation rates. The photocatalyst synthesized at pH 3 (BFO - 1) presented a degradation rate of approximately 95% for the group chromophore and 93% for the aromatic group of the structure of the tartrazine yellow dye, proving to be a promising photocatalyst for industrial applications. This result is particularly important because BFO – 1 showed higher catalyst activity since the chromophore of the aromatic group was degraded. The highlights of this study is the synthesis of Bi2Fe4O9 performed at pH=3, since it reduces the quantity of reagents comparing to the conventional Pechini method and presented high photocatalytic activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i2.148

Plan maestro para el mejoramiento barrial en el Cerro del Cuatro, Tlaquepaque

El equipo del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional Haciendo Barrio aborda un proyecto de mejoramiento de espacio público en la colonia del Cerro del Cuatro, en el municipio de Tlaquepaque, Jalisco. Partiendo de una serie de visitas a la zona de estudio, así como investigación sobre las condiciones de la zona, entrevistas con los habitantes y contextualización con la situación actual de la colonia, se establecieron proyectos de intervención, organizados dentro de un Plan Maestro, para desarrollar a lo largo del periodo de primavera 2022. Se identificaron como proyectos específicos la regularización del suelo, el mejoramiento de las condiciones de Av. Torrecillas, la construcción del Andador Tucumán, la propuesta y construcción de escaleras en 3 puntos distintos de la zona donde las calles no son adecuadas para transitar, y el Parque La Antena. A lo largo del periodo se trabajó en desarrollar propuestas que respondan a las necesidades de los habitantes de la zona. Durante la última etapa del periodo, el equipo se enfoca en desarrollar el proyecto de Av. Torrecillas, así como el del Andador Tucumán, explorando las posibilidades de intervención en esta vialidad y generando un proyecto formal y concreto para presentar a miembros del Ayuntamiento, de manera que el proyecto de mejoramiento de esta vialidad se pueda aprobar y construir en mediano plazo. En los siguientes periodos de este PAP será pertinente darle seguimiento de la solicitud hacia el Ayuntamiento, tanto del proyecto de Av. Torrecillas, como de los otros proyectos, que necesitarán un mayor desarrollo para llegar al punto de su ejecución.ITESO, A.C

Efeitos de um programa multiprofissional de tratamento da obesidade com treinamento aquático sobre parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal eaptidão física emadultos

Diante ao preocupante cenáriomundial sobre a obesidade e a importância de intervenções multiprofissionais para mudança no estilo de vida da população com obesidade. O Objetivo foi analisar os efeitos de um programa multiprofissional para tratamento da obesidade com treinamento aquático, nos parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e da aptidão física de adultos obesidade severa. O estudo foi conduzido por equipe multiprofissional com profissionais de Educação Física, Nutrição, Psicologia e Medicina, durante 24 semanas, com 16 indivíduos classificados com obesidade severa (IMC > 40 kg/m2). As Intervenções do programa proposto no estudo foram realizadas através treinamento aquático de exercícios aeróbicos associados com a orientação nutricional e psicológica. Foi analisada diminuição significativa no índice de Proteína C Reativa (mg/L) (p=0,0439); no percentual de gordura (%), ao final das 24 semanas do programa de tratamento (p=0,0136), também houve aumento significativo na força de pressão manual (kg) com 16 semanas (p=0,0006) e 24 semanas (p=0,0014). Este estudo apresentou resultados significativos na melhora dos parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e da aptidão física em adultos com obesidade severa, justificando o quanto programas de tratamentos que visam a mudanças nos hábitos alimentares e estilo de vida são de grande importância para a saúde públic

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ