Estudos de viabilidade do reuso de efluentes liquidos gerados em processos de galvanoplastia por tratamento fisico-quimico

Orientador: Ruben Bresaola JrDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia CivilResumo: Os despejos industriais dos processos de galvanoplastia causam, em geral, graves problemas de poluição hídrica por conterem metais pesados e utilizarem grandes volumes de água em seus processos. A reciclagem ou reuso dos efluentes para fins diversos pode diminuir a demanda de água dos mananciais e minimizar a quantidade de efluentes lançados nas redes públicas de esgotos ou rios. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a viabilidade do reuso ou reciclagem das águas residuárias geradas em indústrias de galvanoplastia, por meio de tratamento fisico-químico de coagulação-floculação. Os resultados dos ensaios mostraram que houve remoção de metais acima de 99% utilizando-se NaOH com pH de coagulação igual a 10, com tempo de sedimentação de 90 minutos, ou utilizando-se 30 mg/L de cloreto férrico em pH 10 e também polímero aniônico em pH 9, ambos com tempo de precipitação de 60 minutos. Com isso, conclui-se que, com relação à quantidade de metais, estas águas apresentam teores inferiores aos limites estabelecidos para as águas de Classe 3, de acordo com a legislação CONAMA n. 20, podendo ser reutilizadas para irrigação de culturas arbóreas e forrageiras. Podem, igualmente, ser reutilizadas para lavagem de pisos, em descargas de banheiros e em alguns tanques do primeiro enxágüe das peças. Para reciclagem dessas águas no processo, toma-se necessária a diluição com água limpa para diminuição da condutividade da água tratadaAbstract: The industrial wastes of the galvanotechnick processes cause, in general, serious hydro pollution due to the use of heavy metaIs, besides that, they use great volumes of water in their processes. The recyc1ing or reuse of the waste for many purposes reduces the water demand of the rivers and minimizes the quantity wastes to be launched in the sewers or rivers. Due to these facts, the present work had the objective of studying the feasibility of the reuse or recyc1ing of residuary water generated in galvanotechnick industries by physical-chemical treatment of coagulation-flocculation. The results of the research had shown that there was removal of metaIs above 99% using NaOH with pH equal to 10, with precipitation time of90 minutes, or using FeCh ofpH 10 and also anionic polymer ofpH 9, both with time precipitation of 60 minutes. Therefore, it can be conc1udedthat in relation to the quantity of metaIs, this water can be reused for irrigation of garden culture, for pavement and toilet flush c1eaning. For recyc1ing of these water in process, it becomes necessary the dilution with c1eanwater for decrease of conductivity of treated waterMestradoSaneamentoMestre em Engenharia Civi

Water-filled technique for therapeutic pancreato-biliary EUS in patients with surgically altered anatomy

One of the main challenges encountered by endosonographers is performing diagnostic and interventional pancreato-biliary endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) procedures in the presence of surgically altered upper gastrointestinal anatomy. We describe the water-filled technique (WFT) for EUS examination and treatment of the pancreato-biliary region in patients with surgically altered upper gastrointestinal anatomy. Using the WFT, the scope is advanced up to the gastro-jejunal anastomosis and, after placing the tip of the scope 2 cm beyond it, enlargement of the jejunal lumen is obtained by water instillation of the jejunal loop. An enlargement of more than 1.5 cm allows advancement of the tip of the scope under EUSguidance up to the duodenum, in a retrograde way. The WFT is useful for reaching the ampullary area and performing diagnostic and therapeutic EUS in patients with surgically altered anatomy. The technique is also reproducible and can be easily used by endoscopists who regularly perform EUS

A combined protocol with piroxicam, chemotherapy and whole pelvic irradiation with simultaneous boost volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy for muscle-invasive canine urinary transitional cell carcinoma: first clinical experiences

The aims of this pilot study were to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of high-dose hypo-fractionated volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) applied to the whole pelvic region radiotherapy (WPRT) with multilevel simultaneous integrated boost (MLSIB) combined with piroxicam and chemotherapy in canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the lower urinary tract with muscle invasion transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Twelve dogs were enrolled, according to stage, in two groups: group 1, TCC confined to the urinary tract; group 2, TCC with metastasis. The planning target volume (PTV-tumor) dose was tailored from 36 to 42 Gy in 6 fractions. All dogs were prescribed piroxicam and radiosensitizing carboplatin and six received chemotherapy after radiotherapy. Serial follow-up with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations was performed. Disease control and toxicity effects were evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) and Veterinary Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (VRTOG) criteria. The treatment was well tolerated, and no high-grade side effects were reported. The median overall survival times for group 1 and group 2 were 1,230 days and 150 days, respectively. A considerable percentage of patients in group 1 (50%) was still alive at the time of writing, and a longer follow-up could enable a more accurate survival analysis. This preliminary analysis showed that VMAT applied to the WPRT with MLSIB is an effective and safe option for dogs suffering from lower urinary TCC although the presence of metastases worsens the prognosis

Brain hypermetabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a FDG PET study in ALS of spinal and bulbar onset

Specific biological markers for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have not yet been established. Functional studies have shown abnormalities in the anatomo-functional connectivity of the limbic-striatal "social" brain. This study aimed to investigate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest. Thirteen patients with ASD of normal intelligence and ten IQ-, sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent PET/CT using [1- 11 C]butanol, a perfusion tracer. As compared to HC, ASD showed significant CBF increases in the right parahippocampal, posterior cingulate, primary visual and temporal cortex, putamen, caudatus, substantia nigra and cerebellum. No statistically significant correlation between CBF and IQ was found. The limbic, posterior associative and cerebellar cortices showed increased blood flow in ASD, confirming previous findings about the neurobiology of ASD

Visualization and analysis of cellular & Twitter data using qgis

The study is to understand individual presence and movement in Friuli Venezia Giulia region. It is important for tourism planning, hazard management, business marketing, implementing government lifetime policies and benefit. The aim of this study is achieved by advanced web 2.0 applications. We need real time and geo-located data to monitor the inflow of tourist and to come up with effective promoting and benefiting plans for tourism, the evacuation and mitigation strategies during hazards to protect social life and environment with less infrastructure damage, marketing plans for advertising or selling of products. Despite wide spread success in predicting specific aspects of human behavior by social media information, a little attention is given to twitter and cell phone data. Accessibility to detailed human movements with fine spatial and temporal granularity is challenging due to confidentiality and safety reasons. With rapid development of web2.0 applications people can post about events, share opinion and emotions online. Using twitter data, how short term travelers, such as tourists, can be recognized and how their travel pattern can be analyzed. Study of finding tourist dynamics such as arriving and outgoing of tourist, sum of trips, sum of days and night spent, number of unique visitors, country of residence, main destination, secondary destination, transits pass through, repeat visits are achieved using CDR (call detail records) and DDR (data detail records)

Diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease by ultrasonography: how many and which sites should be scanned?

ObjectiveTo develop the optimal US scanning protocol for the diagnosis of CPPD disease.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, consecutive patients with a crystal-proven diagnosis of CPPD disease, and age-, sex-matched disease controls and with a negative synovial fluid analysis were prospectively enrolled in two Italian Institutions. Four rheumatologists, blinded to patients’ clinical details, performed US examinations using a standardised scanning protocol including 20 joints (shoulders, elbows, wrists, metacarpophalangeal joints from 2nd to 5th fingers, hips, knees, ankles). CPPD was identified as presence/absence, according to the OMERACT definitions. Reduced US scanning protocols were developed by selecting the most informative joints to be imaged by US using the LASSO technique. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation sets. Their diagnostic accuracy was tested comparing the area under the ROC curves.Results204 participants were enrolled: 102 with CPPD disease and 102 disease controls [age (mean±standard deviation) 71.3 ± 12.0 vs 71.1 ± 13.5 years, female: 62.8% vs 57.8%].The median number of joints with US evidence of CPPD was 5 (IQR: 4–7) and 0 (IQR: 0–1) in patients with CPPD disease and controls, respectively (p< 0 01).The detection of CPPD in ≥ 2 joints using a reduced scanning protocol (bilateral assessment of knees, wrists, and hips) showed a sensitivity of 96.7% (95%CI: 82.8–99.9) and a specificity of 100 (95%CI: 88.8–100.0) for the diagnosis of CPPD disease and had good feasibility [(mean±standard deviation) 12.5 ± 5.3 min].ConclusionBilateral US assessment of knees, wrists, and hips had excellent accuracy and good feasibility for the diagnosis of CPPD disease

Study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare radiofrequency ablation with surgical resection for treatment of pancreatic insulinoma

Background: Insulinoma is the most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and treatment is required to address symptoms associated with insulin hypersecretion. Surgical resection is effective but burdened by high rate of adverse events (AEs). Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) demonstrated encouraging results in terms of safety and efficacy for the management of these tumors. However, studies comparing surgery and EUS-RFA are lacking. Aims: The primary aim is to compare EUS-RFA with surgery in term of safety (overall rate of AEs). Secondary endpoints include: (a) severe AEs rate; (b) clinical effectiveness; (c) patient's quality of life; (d) length of hospital stay; (e) rate of local/distance recurrence; (f) need of reintervention; (g) rate of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency; (h) factors associated with EUS-RFA related AEs and clinical effectiveness. Methods: ERASIN-RCT is an international randomized superiority ongoing trial in four countries. Sixty patients will be randomized in two arms (EUS-RFA vs surgery) and outcomes compared. Two EUS-RFA sessions will be allowed to achieve symptoms resolution. Randomization and data collection will be performed online. Discussion: This study will ascertain if EUS-RFA can become the first-line therapy for management of small, sporadic, pancreatic insulinoma and be included in a step-up approach in case of clinical failure. &amp; COPY; 2023 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Brain hypermetabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A FDG PET study in ALS of spinal and bulbar onset.

Abstract Purpose To identify the neurobiological traits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to elucidate functional differences between ALS of spinal and bulbar onset. We hypothesized that glucose metabolism distribution might vary between groups. Methods The study groups comprised 32 patients with ALS of either bulbar (n=13) or spinal (n=19) onset and 22 subjects as controls. They were investigated by [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (FDG PET), comparing the patient groups with each other and with the controls by statistical parametric mapping. Results Highly significant relative increases in glucose metabolism distribution were found in the group comprising all 32 ALS patients as compared with the controls in the bilateral amygdalae, midbrain, pons and cerebellum. Relative hypermetabolism was also found in patients with spinal onset as compared with the controls in the right midbrain. In patients with bulbar onset compared with the controls and with patients with spinal onset, large relatively hypometabolic areas were found in the bilateral frontal cortex, right insula, anterior cingulate, precuneus and inferior parietal lobe. Patients with spinal onset had significantly higher scores in a neuropsychological test assessing verbal fluency compared with patients with bulbar onset. Conclusion This large FDG PET investigation provided unprecedented evidence of relatively increased metabolism in the amygdalae, midbrain and pons in ALS patients as compared with control subjects, possibly due to local activation of astrocytes and microglia. Highly significant relative decreases in metabolism were found in large frontal and parietal regions in the bulbar onset patients as compared with the spinal onset patients and the controls, suggesting a differential metabolic and neuropsychological state between the two conditions