On the Modeling of Droplet Evaporation on Superhydrophobic Surfaces

When a drop of water is placed on a rough surface, there are two possible extreme regimes of wetting: the one called Cassie-Baxter (CB) with air pockets trapped underneath the droplet and the one characterized by the homogeneous wetting of the surface, called the Wenzel (W) state. A way to investigate the transition between these two states is by means of evaporation experiments, in which the droplet starts in a CB state and, as its volume decreases, penetrates the surface's grooves, reaching a W state. Here we present a theoretical model based on the global interfacial energies for CB and W states that allows us to predict the thermodynamic wetting state of the droplet for a given volume and surface texture. We first analyze the influence of the surface geometric parameters on the droplet's final wetting state with constant volume, and show that it depends strongly on the surface texture. We then vary the volume of the droplet keeping fixed the geometric surface parameters to mimic evaporation and show that the drop experiences a transition from the CB to the W state when its volume reduces, as observed in experiments. To investigate the dependency of the wetting state on the initial state of the droplet, we implement a cellular Potts model in three dimensions. Simulations show a very good agreement with theory when the initial state is W, but it disagrees when the droplet is initialized in a CB state, in accordance with previous observations which show that the CB state is metastable in many cases. Both simulations and theoretical model can be modified to study other types of surface.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figure

Banks’ capital, regulation and the financial crisis

This paper investigates whether regulatory capital requirements play an important role in determining banks’ equity capital. We estimate equity capital regressions using panel data of a sample of 560 banks for 2004-2010. Our results suggest that regulatory capital requirements are not first order determinants of banks’ capital structure. We document differences on the effect of most factors on banks’ share of equity according to the type of bank and to the region of the bank. Finally, we show that the determinants of this share are sensitive to the recent international financial crisis and to a set of regulatory country factors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Conflito femoro-acetabular

Trabalho de projecto de mestrado em Medicina (Ortopedia), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de CoimbraO conflito femoro-acetabular é um problema dinâmico. Trata-se de uma condição patológica da anca, em adultos jovens e activos, provocada pelo contacto repetitivo do fémur proximal com o limite do acetábulo, que poderá conduzir ao estabelecimento precoce de artrite degenerativa e, consequentemente, a uma coxartrose. São descritos dois tipos de mecanismos diferentes subjacentes à sua patogenia: o mecanismo cam e o mecanismo pinça (tenaz), que poderão encontrar-se associados (tipo misto). O mecanismo tipo cam é provocado pela colisão de uma cabeça femoral anormal, com um raio de curvatura aumentado, com o acetábulo, mais frequentemente, no seu limite anterosuperior, durante um movimento forçado, nomeadamente, a flexão da anca e a rotação interna. Como consequência do movimento repetido desta, pode desenvolver-se um desgaste excessivo do labrum e da cartilagem acetabular adjacente. O mecanismo tipo pinça (tenaz), ocorre pelo contacto repetido entre uma junção cabeça-colo femoral normal e um acetábulo que recobre excessivamente a cabeça do fémur. Em resultado disto, pode desenvolver-se uma degeneração do labrum acetabular, formação de quistos sinoviais do colo femoral, ossificação heterotópica do rebordo acetabular e aprofundamento do acetábulo. A dor localizada na região inguinal representa a principal queixa clínica. Atinge, na maioria dos casos, o adulto jovem e activo, tem um início insidioso e é do tipo mecânico. Com os progressos alcançados no exame clínico e nos exames imagiológicos (radiografia, ressonância magnética, TC) o diagnóstico de conflito femoro-acetabular é estabelecido cada vez mais cedo. A abordagem terapêutica de eleição é a intervenção cirúrgica efectuada por via aberta ou artroscópica, incluindo a exploração artroscópica modificada (Heuter). Com a intervenção cirúrgica pretende-se o alívio sintomático, bem como o aumento da amplitude dos movimentos da anca, através do alívio da zona de contacto entre o fémur e o limite acetabular. Ao longo deste trabalho, procede-se a uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o conflito femoro-acetabular no que diz respeito à anatomia, etiopatogenia, clínica, meios complementares de diagnóstico, diagnóstico, tratamento, e bem assim como as suas indicações e prognóstico, tendo por base de estudo as mais recentes revistas da EspecialidadeFemoro-acetabular conflict is a dynamic problem. It is a pathological condition of the hip, in young and active adults, caused by the repetitive contact between the proximal femur and the acetabular rim, which can lead to an early establishment of degenerative arthritis and, consequently, to an hip osteoarthritis. There are two different types of pathological mechanisms described: type cam and type pincer, which can coexist. Cam mechanism is caused by the collision between an abnormal femoral head (with an increased radius) and the acetabulum, more frequently in its anterior superior limit, during a forceful movement, which is the case of the hip flexion and internal rotation. As a consequence of this repeated movement, an excessive abrasion of the labrum and adjacent acetabular cartilage will be developed. The pincer mechanism, develops through a repeated contact between a normal head-neck femoral junction and an acetabulum that covers excessively the femoral head. As a result, it may develop a degeneration of the labrum, intrasubstance ganglion formation, heterotopic ossification of the acetabular rim and deepening of the acetabulum. A groin pain represents the main clinical complaint. It happens, most frequently, in young and active adults, with an insidious onset, and it has mechanical characteristics. With the improvement of clinical examination of the hip and of the radiological imaging (X-ray, magnetic resonance, computed tomograms scans), femoro-acetabular impingement’s diagnosis is achieved earlier. The gold standard approach is the surgical intervention, with open or arthroscopic management, including the modified arthroscopic exploration (Heuter). With surgical’s intervention the goal is pain relief, as well as the improvement of the hip’s movements amplitude, through the reduction of contact between the femur and the limit of the acetabulum. A bibliographic review of the hip’s anatomy, etiopathogenesis, clinical aspects, complementary exams, diagnosis, treatment, as so their guidelines, and the prognosis of this entity, will be made in this article, according to the most recent and up to date specialty’s magazines

Graffiti and urban art as political participation in the process of touristification in Lisbon: A psychosocial analysis

The present study aims to analyse graffiti and urban art as sociopolitical practices to contest and/or to promote touristification (Sequera & Nofre, 2018) happening in Lisbon. Such practices were interpreted as social representations (Howarth, 2006; Moscovici, 1972), representing social problems through images, symbols and metaphors and revealing associated psychosocial processes, such as of place attachment and place identity. Through a wandering ethnography (Trói & Batel, 2020) 19 images of formal (i.e. legal) and informal (i.e. illegal) graffiti and urban art were collected and detailed on an ethnographic table. Later a Visual Rhetoric Analysis was conducted of the data which consisted, first, on a Thematic Analysis and then a Pragmatic Discourse Analysis (Batel & Castro, 2018). Two relevant themes emerged from the Thematic Analysis: “touristification” and “habitational crisis in Portugal”, and a set of associated subthemes. We also verified that despite both themes emerging very associated, especially on the scale of the problem, their link to place attachment and symbolic meanings, to whom and which processes are responsible, and to social justice and rights, some differences were identified. The theme of “touristification” is more associated with national identity whereas the “habitational crisis in Portugal” is more associated with the responsibility of the national government and local governments. The results are discussed aiming to contribute to an enlargement of the conceptions of political participation and to the understanding of psychosocial processes associated with touristification in the scope of Political, Environmental and Sociocultural Psychology.O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar graffiti e arte urbana como práticas sociopolíticas para contestar e/ou para promover a turistificação (Sequera & Nofre, 2018) a acontecer em Lisboa, e processos e impactos psicossociais associados. Tais práticas foram interpretadas como representações sociais (Howarth, 2006; Moscovici, 1972), representando problemas sociais através de imagens, símbolos e metáforas e revelando processos psicossociais associados, como de apego e identidade de lugar. Através de uma etnografia errante (Trói & Batel, 2020) foram recolhidas 19 imagens de graffiti e arte urbana formal (i.e. legal) e informal (i.e. ilegal), detalhadas numa tabela etnográfica. Posteriormente realizou-se a Análise Retórica Visual de todos os dados que consistiu, primeiro, numa Análise Temática e depois numa Análise Pragmática do Discurso (Batel & Castro, 2018). Dois temas relevantes emergiram da Análise Temática: “turistificação” e “crise habitacional em Portugal”, e um conjunto de subtemas associados. Verificou-se que, apesar de ambos os temas surgirem muito associados, especialmente quanto à escala do problema, quanto à sua relação com o apego ao lugar e significados simbólicos, a quem e que processos são responsáveis, e à justiça social e direitos, algumas diferenças foram identificadas. O tema da “turistificação” surge mais associado à identidade nacional, enquanto que a “crise habitacional em Portugal” surge mais associada à responsabilização do governo nacional e governos locais. Os resultados são discutidos com vista ao contributo deste trabalho para um alargamento das conceções de participação política e para a compreensão dos processos psicossociais associados à turistificação no âmbito da Psicologia Ambiental, Política e Sociocultural

Do the results of canadian hockey have any influence in sports-related company stocks?

Mestrado em FinançasO hóquei no gelo é considerado o desporto rei do Canadá, neste contexto, o hóquei faz mexer muito dinheiro na economia do país. Este estudo empírico tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto dos resultados desportivos do hóquei canadiano no valor de mercado das empresas relacionados com o desporto estudado. Isto foi conseguido usando a metodologia de estudo de eventos em 4 empresas relacionadas com desporto, cotadas na Bolsa Canadiana, e quatro equipas canadianas de hóquei no gelo, que jogam na Liga Nacional de Hóquei no Gelo, entre 2005 e 2015. Posteriormente foram testados seis diferentes testes de hipóteses do impacto que os resultados do hóquei têm nas empresas: vitória e derrota; muitos golos e poucos golos; e adversário "fácil" e adversário "difícil". A metodologia usada nesta dissertação é a de estudos de eventos, onde são calculados os retornos anormais (AR) e os retornos anormais médios a fim de se concluir se existe evidência de que os resultados desportivos levam a retornos anormais. Os resultados obtidos mostram que existem AR como resultado dos resultados desportivos do hóquei no gelo. O valor de mercado das empresas é positivamente afetado por uma vitória e negativamente por uma derrota. Adicionalmente, uma vitória por uma diferença de golos grande tem um efeito negativo, enquanto uma vitória por uma diferença de golos pequena tem um efeito positivo. Por fim, uma vitória contra um oponente "difícil" ou "fácil" tem um impacto negativo ou positivo, respetivamente, nas ações das empresas.Ice hockey is considered the main sport in Canada, hence moving a lot of money in the country's economy, more specifically in sport related companies. This empirical study's objective is to evaluate the impact that Canadian ice hockey outcomes has on the abnormal returns of sport-related company. This was accomplished by using the event study methodology on 4 sport-related companies, quoted on the Canadian Stock Exchange, and four Canadian hockey team, playing in the National Hockey League, between 2005 and 2015. The NHL is a professional ice hockey league composed by American and Canadian teams. Subsequently 3 different hypotheses were tested on the impact of the hockey results: Win and Loss; Many Goals and Less Goals; and "easy" opponent and "hard" opponent. The methodology used by this dissertation is the event study methodology, where abnormal returns and average abnormal returns are calculated in order to conclude if there is evidence that sports results lead to abnormal returns. Findings indicate that there are abnormal returns as a result of sporting results. The market values of the companies are positively affected by a victory and negatively by a defeat. Additionally, a win by a large amount of goals difference negatively impacts the stock prices, while a win by a less amount of goals affects negatively the company value. Finally, a win against a "hard" or "easy" opponent affects the stock price of the sport-related companies negatively and positively, respectively. A loss depends on the company that is being analyzed

Bringing the city to the people: Urban and territorial regeneration challenges in the outskirts of Guimarães

This paper aims to contribute with a new commitment to the concept of urban regeneration, which assumes diffuse/ transgenic territories as new forms of city life, using the continuous (sub)urbanization we find in the outskirts of Guimarães as case study. Along the national roads N101, N105, N206 and N207 a set of clusters have emerged, slowly, linearly and apparently disconnected, establishing a set of extensions of the urban core. We believe that these are not mere links between different cities; they prolong urban life outside the recognizable limit of the urban form, although their appearance does not present itself according to the mental image we associate to a city. Therefore, we propose that the concept of urban regeneration should be applied to these territories, but it should be considered with a particular approach, different from traditional solutions: little improvements in the basic structure of these axes can help to bring the city to the people instead of bringing the people to the city.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio