A FlexQuest como estratégia de ensino no contexto da Eletroquímica voltada para a Educação Básica

Este trabalho apresenta parte da pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado defendida pela autora pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com professores da Educação Básica doestado de Pernambuco, participantes de um curso de extensão sobre a elaboração da estratégia FlexQuest. Esta estratégia propõe uma abordagem diferenciada de informações a serem trabalhadas em sala de aula. Neste sentido, os professores construíram e apresentaram durante o curso uma propostade FlexQuest para o ensino de Eletroquímica. Discutimos a importância da temática no ensino de Química, bem como a necessidade de revermos a sua abordagem no contexto escolar. A partir das discussões e dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores percebemos que a Eletroquímica vem sendotrabalhada, principalmente de forma simplista e fragmentada e que a FlexQuest viabiliza a construção de conhecimento complexo e flexível sendo interessante neste contexto

O Estudo de Caso de ensino “Quando eu descobri que a via láctea era uma reunião de antas”: A Educação CTS em ensino de Ciências a partir de temas regionais decoloniais

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar y analizar las posibilidades de trabajar la decolonialidad como elemento potenciador en la enseñanza de las ciencias pensando en una educación CTS. A partir de una metodología cualitativa, del tipo Estudio de Caso de Enseñanza, con análisis de resultados a través del Análisis Textual Discursiva (ATD), centrado en el estudio de la Astronomía, desarrollado con doce alumnos del 5º año de educación primaria en una escuela privada del municipio de Ananindeua/PA. Para el TCA, la información considerada fueron las producciones realizadas por los niños, además del registro de las observaciones del profesor durante el desarrollo de las actividades. Los resultados muestran que la actividad permitió el desarrollo de importantes principios de la enseñanza de las CTS, como la problematización, la contextualización y la interdisciplinariedad, el ejercicio de la toma de decisiones, además del desarrollo de una enseñanza de la ciencia crítica y decolonial.The present study aimed to investigate and analyze the possibilities of working decoloniality as a potentiating element in science teaching to thinking about a STS education. From a qualitative methodology, of the Teaching Case Study type, with analysis of results by means of Textual Discourse Analysis (TDA), focused on the study of Astronomy, developed with twelve 5th grade students in a private school in the city of Ananindeua/PA. For the TDA, the information considered were the productions made by the children, besides the record of the teacher's observations during the development of the activities. The results show that the activity allowed the development of important principles of STS education, such as problematization, contextualization and interdisciplinarity, the exercise of decision-making, in addition to the development of a critical and decolonial science teaching.O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar e analisar as possibilidades de trabalhar decolonialidade como elemento potencializador no ensino de Ciências pensando uma educação CTS. A partir de uma metodologia qualitativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso de Ensino, com análise de resultados por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), voltado para o estudo de Astronomia, desenvolvido com doze alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola da rede particular do município de Ananindeua/PA. Para a ATD, as informações foram consideradas foram as produções feitas pelas crianças, além do registro das observações da professora durante o desenvolvimento das atividades. Os resultados mostram que a atividade permitiu o desenvolvimento de importantes princípios da educação CTS, como a problematização, a contextualização e interdisciplinaridade, o exercício da tomada de decisão, além do desenvolvimento de um ensino de Ciências crítico e decolonial

Metal-free synthesis of indanes by iodine(III)-mediated ring contraction of 1, 2-dihydronaphthalenes

A metal-free protocol was developed to synthesize indanes by ring contraction of 1, 2-dihydronaphthalenes promoted by PhI(OH)OTs (HTIB or Koser's reagent). This oxidative rearrangement can be performed in several solvents (MeOH, CH3CN, 2 , 2, 2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 1 , 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), and a 1:4 mixture of TFE:CH2Cl2) under mild conditions. The ring contraction diastereoselectively gives functionalized trans-1, 3-disubstituted indanes, which are difficult to obtain in synthetic organic chemistryUm protocolo livre de metais foi desenvolvido para sintetizar indanos através da contração de anel de 1, 2-di-hidronaftalenos promovida por PhI(OH)OTs (HTIB ou reagente de Koser). Este rearranjo oxidativo pode ser realizado em diversos solventes (MeOH, CH3CN, 2 , 2, 2-trifluoroetanol (TFE), 1 , 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), e uma mistura 1:4 de TFE:CH2Cl2) em condições brandas. A contração de anel fornece indanos trans-1, 3-dissubstituídos diastereosseletivamente, os quais são difíceis de obter em química orgânica sintéticaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)FAPES

Tenascin-C and fibronectin expression divide early stage tongue cancer into low- and high-risk groups

Background:Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) metastasises early, especially to regional lymph nodes. There is an ongoing debate on which early stage (T1-T2N0) patients should be treated with elective neck dissection. We need prognosticators for early stage tongue cancer. Methods: Mice immunisation with human mesenchymal stromal cells resulted in production of antibodies against tenascin-C (TNC) and fibronectin (FN), which were used to stain 178 (98 early stage), oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma samples. TenascinC and FN expression in the stroma (negative, moderate or abundant) and tumour cells (negative or positive) were assessed. Similar staining was obtained using corresponding commercial antibodies. Results: Expression of TNC and FN in the stroma, but not in the tumour cells, proved to be excellent prognosticators both in all stages and in early stage cases. Among early stages, when stromal TNC was negative, the 5-year survival rate was 88%. Correspondingly, when FN was negative, no cancer deaths were observed. Five-year survival rates for abundant expression of TNC and FN were 43% and 25%, respectively. Conclusions: Stromal TNC and, especially, FN expressions differentiate patients into low-and high-risk groups. Surgery alone of early stage primary tumours might be adequate when stromal FN is negative. Aggressive treatments should be considered when both TNC and FN are abundant.Peer reviewe

Secretome profiling of oral squamous cell carcinoma-associated fibroblasts reveals organization and disassembly of extracellular matrix and collagen metabolic process signatures

An important role has been attributed to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common tumor of the oral cavity. Previous studies demonstrated that CAF-secreted molecules promote the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells, inducing a more aggressive phenotype. In this study, we searched for differences in the secretome of CAFs and normal oral fibroblasts (NOF) using mass spectrometry-based proteomics and biological network analysis. Comparison of the secretome profiles revealed that upregulated proteins involved mainly in extracellular matrix organization and disassembly and collagen metabolism. Among the upregulated proteins were fibronectin type III domain-containing 1 (FNDC1), serpin peptidase inhibitor type 1 (SERPINE1), and stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), the upregulation of which was validated by quantitative PCR and ELISA in an independent set of CAF cell lines. The transition of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)-mediating NOFs into CAFs was accompanied by significant upregulation of FNDC1, SERPINE1, and STC2, confirming the participation of these proteins in the CAF-derived secretome. Type I collagen, the main constituent of the connective tissue, was also associated with several upregulated biological processes. The immunoexpression of type I collagen N-terminal propeptide (PINP) was significantly correlated in vivo with CAFs in the tumor front and was associated with significantly shortened survival of OSCC patients. Presence of CAFs in the tumor stroma was also an independent prognostic factor for OSCC disease-free survival. These results demonstrate the value of secretome profiling for evaluating the role of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment and identify potential novel therapeutic targets such as FNDC1, SERPINE1, and STC2. Furthermore, type I collagen expression by CAFs, represented by PINP levels, may be a prognostic marker of OSCC outcome.Peer reviewe

Fascin promotes migration and invasion and is a prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) prognosis is related to clinical stage and histological grade. However, this stratification needs to be refined. We conducted a comparative proteome study in microdissected samples from normal oral mucosa and OSCC to identify biomarkers for malignancy. Fascin and plectin were identified as differently expressed and both are implicated in several malignancies, but the clinical impacts of aberrant fascin and plectin expression in OSCCs remains largely unknown. Immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR were carried out in ex vivo OSCC samples and cell lines. A loss-of-function strategy using shRNA targeting fascin was employed to investigate in vitro and in vivo the fascin role on oral tumorigenesis. Transfections of microRNA mimics were performed to determine whether the fascin overexpression is regulated by miR-138 and miR-145. We found that fascin and plectin are frequently upregulated in OSCC samples and cell lines, but only fascin overexpression is an independent unfavorable prognostic indicator of disease-specific survival. In combination with advanced T stage, high fascin level is also an independent factor of disease-free survival. Knockdown of fascin in OSCC cells promoted cell adhesion and inhibited migration, invasion and EMT, and forced expression of miR-138 in OSCC cells significantly decreased the expression of fascin. In addition, fascin downregulation leads to reduced filopodia formation and decrease on paxillin expression. The subcutaneous xenograft model showed that tumors formed in the presence of low levels of fascin were significantly smaller compared to those formed with high fascin levels. Collectively, our findings suggest that fascin expression correlates with disease progression and may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for patients with OSCC.Peer reviewe

Cartografia e diplomacia: usos geopolíticos da informação toponímica (1750-1850)

O artigo explora dimensões geopolíticas da toponímia, registradas em documentos cartográficos, desde as reformas empreendidas pelo consulado pombalino em meados do século XVIII, até às primeiras décadas do século XIX, em meio ao processo de afirmação do Estado imperial pós-colonial.This paper explores the geopolitical dimensions of toponymy as registered in cartographic documents dating from the reforms pushed through by the consulate of Marquis of Pombal in the mid 18th century to the early decades of the 19th century, as the post-colonial imperial State established itself