Specialized Educational Service: mishaps and challenges

inclusive education is still a controversial, non-consensual issue that generates doubts and insecurities for educators. In this sense, this article aims to reflect on the educational reality found by this public, and present the work done by the NAPNE (Center for Assistance to People with Specific Educational Needs) of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul Regarding the methodology used, this is a qualitative research, with a theoretical nature, through a literature review of the current legislation and the IFRS Institutional Pedagogical Project

O Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo em pesquisas com formação de educadores

This article aims at reviewing the ten-year theoretical and methodological path taken by the research group on teacher education, coordinated by the researchers - Liberali and Magalhães. It discusses how this path was influenced by the contributions of socio-discursive interactionism (SDI) for the development of the conceptual frame of language as essential for a critical understanding of ones’ practices. It also presents some difficulties the group has faced when using this frame and the new frames that have helped deal with them. Key word: teacher education, SDI, critical reflection

La Política de Marruecos con relación al conflicto del Sahara Occidental

The politic of Morocco is focused on achieving the integration of Western Sahara to its territory. Therefore, you can understand Morocco's concern to achieve enough international recognition to legitimate its historical interests over the Marroqui sovereignty on the Western Sahara.Morocco has always argued that its claims is supported for the historic and the judiciary rights: the first are supported by historical documents where the evidence the subordination of some Sahauis tribes. As far as the judiciary vehicles on these territories there is evidence in the Spanish-French treaties of 1904 and 1912, or in the official Spanish documents where is recognized the sovereignty of the king over the Cape of Bajador. The evidence has allowed the right for Morocco to legitimate its cause as you will be able to learn in the next chapter.La política de Marruecos está enfocada a lograr la integración del Sahara Occidental a su territorio. De esta manera, se puede entender su afán por lograr el reconocimiento internacional necesario que le permita legitimar sus intereses históricos sobre la soberanía marroquí en el Sahara Occidental. Marruecos siempre ha argumentado que sus reivindicaciones están sustentadas por derechos históricos y jurídicos; los primeros están apoyados en documentos históricos, donde se hace evidente la subordinación de algunas tribus saharauis al sultán de Marrakech. En cuanto a los derechos jurídicos sobre estos territorios, se encuentra evidencia en los tratados hispano-franceses de 1904 y 1912, además de otros documentos oficiales españoles, donde se reconoce la soberanía del rey sobre el cabo Bojador. Estas evidencias le han permitido a Marruecos el derecho de legitimar su causa, como se podrá ver en el transcurso de este trabajo

Condições demográficas e socioeconômicas associadas à insegurança alimentar em domicílios de Campinas, SP

To evaluate the association of food insecurity with demographic and socioeconomic conditions in households in Campinas, São Paulo state, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on a representative sample of the urban population of the Southern, Southwestern, and Northwestern Health Districts of Campinas, between 2011-2012. Characteristics of the head of household, family history and household patterns were investigated. The dependent variable was food security condition, categorized as food security, mild food insecurity, and moderate/severe food insecurity. All independent variables with p-value <0.20 in the bivariate multinomial logistic regression were included in the final model of multiple multinomial logistic regression, adjusted to household head age; the remaining variables had p-value <0.05. Results: In the 691 households analyzed, there was 65% of food security, 27.9% of mild food insecurity, and 7.1% of moderate/severe food insecurity. The conditions associated with mild food insecurity were monthly per capita income less than the minimum wage, household head unemployed for more than six months between 2004-2010, living in properties given to the family/occupied/other, and density higher than two people per bedroon. The moderate/severe food insecurity was associated with informal employment condition of the household head and the presence of a beneficiary of the Bolsa Família (Family Allowance Program), a cash transfer-type program, in the household. The higher the score of the consumer goods, the lower the probability of mild food insecurity or moderate/severe food insecurity. There was a higher probability of mild food insecurity and moderate/severe food insecurity in unfinished masonry-built houses/other. Conclusion: More than one third of the households investigated experienced some form of food insecurity. Mild food insecurity was associated with demographic conditions, while moderate/severe food insecurity was associated with socioeconomic conditions, especially those related to the household head296845857FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoAvaliar a associação da insegurança alimentar com as condições demográficas e socioeconômicas em domicílios de Campinas (SP). Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa da população urbana dos Distritos de Saúde Sul, Sudoeste e Noroeste de Campinas, realizado entre 2011-2012. Estudaram-se as características do chefe de família, dos antecedentes familiares e do domicílio. A variável dependente foi condição de segurança alimentar, categorizada em segurança alimentar, insegurança alimentar leve e insegurança alimentar moderada/grave. Todas as variáveis independentes com p-valor<0,20 na regressão logística multinomial bivariada foram incluídas no modelo final de regressão logística multinomial múltipla, ajustado pela idade do chefe da família, permanecendo aquelas com p<0,05. Resultados: Nos 691 domicílios analisados, houve 65,0% em segurança alimentar, 27,9% em insegurança alimentar leve e 7,1% em insegurança alimentar moderada/grave. As condições associadas à insegurança alimentar leve foram renda familiar mensal per capita menor que um salário mínimo, desemprego do chefe da família por mais de seis meses entre 2004-2010, residir em domicílios de condição cedido/invasão/outro e com densidade maior que duas pessoas por dormitório. A insegurança alimentar moderada/grave esteve associada à informalidade do emprego do chefe da família e ter titular do Bolsa Família no domicílio. Quanto maior o escore de bens de consumo, menor foi a chance de insegurança alimentar leve ou moderada/grave, enquanto que houve maior chance da presença de qualquer tipo de insegurança alimentar nos domicílios construídos com alvenaria inacabada/outros. Conclusão: Mais de um terço dos domicílios apresentam alguma forma de insegurança alimentar. A insegurança alimentar leve está associada às condições demográficas, enquanto que a moderada/grave associa-se às condições socioeconômicas, principalmente relacionadas ao chefe da famíli

Commercial Bovine Proteoglycan Is Highly Arthritogenic and Can Be Used as an Alternative Antigen Source for PGIA Model

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common systemic autoimmune disease. It affects mainly the joints, causing synovitis, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion. Many experimental models are used to study the mechanisms involved in immunopathogenesis and new therapies for this disease. Proteoglycan-induced arthritis (PGIA) is a widely used model based on the cross-reactivity of injected foreign (usually human) PG and mice self-PG. Considering the complexity of the extraction and purification of human PG, in this study we evaluated the arthritogenicity of bovine PG that is commercially available. Bovine PG was highly arthritogenic, triggering 100% incidence of arthritis in female BALB/c retired breeder mice. Animals immunized with bovine PG presented clinical symptoms and histopathological features similar to human RA and other experimental models. Moreover, bovine PG immunization determined higher levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in arthritic mice compared to healthy ones. As expected, only the arthritic group produced IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies against PG. Thus, commercial bovine PG can be used as an alternative antigenic source to PGIA for the study of many RA aspects, including the immunopathogenesis of the disease and also the development of new therapies

Rearfoot alignment and medial longitudinal arch configurations of runners with symptoms and histories of plantar fasciitis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare rearfoot alignment and medial longitudinal arch index during static postures in runners, with and without symptoms and histories of plantar fasciitis (PF). INTRODUCTION: PF is the third most common injury in runners but, so far, its etiology remains unclear. In the literature, rearfoot misalignment and conformations of the longitudinal plantar arch have been described as risk factors for the development of PF. However, in most of the investigated literature, the results are still controversial, mainly regarding athletic individuals and the effects of pain associated with these injuries. METHODS: Forty-five runners with plantar fasciitis (30 symptomatic and 15 with previous histories of injuries) and 60 controls were evaluated. Pain was assessed by a visual analogue scale. The assessment of rearfoot alignment and the calculations of the arch index were performed by digital photographic images. RESULTS: There were observed similarities between the three groups regarding the misalignments of the rearfoot valgus. The medial longitudinal arches were more elevated in the group with symptoms and histories of PF, compared to the control runners. CONCLUSIONS: Runners with symptoms or histories of PF did not differ in rearfoot valgus misalignments, but showed increases in the longitudinal plantar arch during bipedal static stance, regardless of the presence of pain symptoms

FORMAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE CONCEPÇÕES DE CORPO DE GRADUANDOS

This research aims to investigate the representations of body from undergraduated students of Physical Education, and to compare the opinions of the beginners and the senior students from two different universities. The methodological approach includes questionnaires and documental analysis. Although some differences were identified between the institutions, the results indicated the predominance of a technical and biological perspective specifically on the beginners. The senior students seem to understand the body as integration. They also stress the technical and sportive knowledge for the promotion of health or aesthetic as the main dimension of the profession of Physical Educator.Esta pesquisa objetivou, por meio da aplicação de questionários abertos e análise documental curricular, comparar a visão de corpo de graduandos de Educação Física de primeiro e últimos períodos de duas universidades, assim como, investigar de que forma relacionam o corpo à futura profissão. Apesar de algumas diferenças entre as universidades, os resultados indicaram uma predominância de visão técnico-biológica e fragmentada de corpo no primeiro período e, nos últimos, uma compreensão mais integrada de corpo. A forma de atuação profissional estaria ligada principalmente à orientação para uma perspectiva técnica com fins físico-esportivos, para promoção de saúde ou para estética

Sipi

La nutrición infantil es un problema que ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años por múltiples motivos; Sin embargo, la industria de productos para la salud está cada vez más preocupada por un sector de la población cuyos hábitos ya están desarrollados, por lo que Sipi ofrece una alternativa para complementar la alimentación diaria de los niños en edad escolar a través del Labosaurus. Este es un producto para la merienda en casa después de la jornada escolar, basado en la experiencia de preparar sus propios alimentos, desarrollando así la autonomía y reforzando la importancia de la toma de decisiones.Child nutrition is a problem that has increased significantly in recent years for multiple reasons; however, industry health products are increasingly concerned about a selected population whose habits are already developed, which is why Sipi offers an alternative to complement their daily nutrition in school-age children through the Labosaurus. This product is meant to snack at home after school, which is based on the experience of preparing their food, thus developing autonomy and reinforcing the importance of decision-making.Diseñador (a) IndustrialPregrad

Kinase-independent role for CRAF-driving tumour radioresistance via CHK2

Although oncology therapy regimens commonly include radiation and genotoxic drugs, tumour cells typically develop resistance to these interventions. Here we report that treatment of tumours with ionizing radiation or genotoxic drugs drives p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1)-mediated phosphorylation of CRAF on Serine 338 (pS338) triggering a kinase-independent mechanism of DNA repair and therapeutic resistance. CRAF pS338 recruits CHK2, a cell cycle checkpoint kinase involved in DNA repair, and promotes CHK2 phosphorylation/activation to enhance the tumour cell DNA damage response. Accordingly, a phospho-mimetic mutant of CRAF (S338D) is sufficient to induce the CRAF/CHK2 association enhancing tumour radioresistance, while an allosteric CRAF inhibitor sensitizes tumour cells to ionizing radiation or genotoxic drugs. Our findings establish a role for CRAF in the DNA damage response that is independent from its canonical function as a kinase

Seguridad del paciente en la terapéutica medicamentosa y la influencia de la prescripción médica en los errores de dosis

The aims of this study were to analyze the redaction of the prescription in dose errors that occurred in general medical units of five Brazilian hospitals and to identify the pharmacological classes involved in these errors. This was a descriptive study that used secondary data obtained from a multicenter study conducted in 2005. The population consisted of 1,425 medication errors and the sample of 215 dose errors. Of these, 44.2% occurred in hospital E. The presence of acronyms and/or abbreviations was verified in 96.3% of prescriptions; absence of the patient registration in 54.4%; absence of posology in 18.1%; and omission of date of 0.9%. With respect to medication type, 16.8% were bronchodilators; 16.3% were analgesics; 12.1%, antihypertensives; and 8.4% were antibiotics. The absence of posology in the prescriptions may facilitate the administration of the wrong dose, resulting in inefficiency of the treatment, compromising the quality of care provided to hospitalized patients.Os objetivos foram analisar a redação da prescrição médica nos erros de doses, ocorridos em unidades de clínica médica de cinco hospitais brasileiros, e identificar as classes farmacológicas envolvidas nesses erros. Este é estudo descritivo que utilizou dados secundários, obtidos de pesquisa multicêntrica, realizada em 2005. A população foi composta por 1425 erros de medicação e a amostra por 215 erros de doses. Desses, 44,2% ocorreram no hospital E. Verificou-se presença de siglas e/ou abreviaturas em 96,3% das prescrições, ausência do registro do paciente em 54,4%, falta de posologia em 18,1% e omissão da data em 0,9%. Com relação ao tipo de medicamento, 16,8% eram broncodilatadores, 16,3% eram analgésicos, 12,1%, anti-hipertensivos e 8,4% eram antimicrobianos. A ausência da posologia nas prescrições pode favorecer a administração de doses erradas, resultando em ineficiência do tratamento, comprometendo a qualidade da assistência prestada aos pacientes hospitalizados.Los objetivos fueron analizar la redacción de la prescripción médica en los errores de dosis ocurridos en unidades de clínica médica de cinco hospitales brasileños e identificar las clases farmacológicas envueltas en esos errores. Se trata de estudio descriptivo que utilizó datos secundarios obtenidos de en una investigación multicéntrica realizada en 2005. La población fue compuesta de 1.425 errores de medicación y la muestra por 215 errores de dosis. De estos, 44,2% ocurrieron en el hospital E. Se verificó: presencia de siglas y/o abreviaturas en 96,3% de las prescripciones; ausencia del registro del paciente en 54,4%; falta de posología en 18,1%, y omisión de la fecha en 0,9%. Con relación al tipo de medicamento, 16,8% eran broncodilatadores; 16,3% eran analgésicos; 12,1%, antihipertensivos y 8,4% eran antimicrobianos. La ausencia de la posología en las prescripciones puede favorecer la administración de dosis equivocadas, resultando en ineficiencia del tratamiento, comprometiendo así, la calidad de la asistencia prestada a los pacientes hospitalizados