Visita domiciliar melhora conhecimento, autocuidado e adesão na insuficiência cardíaca: ensaio clínico randomizado HELEN-I

OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of an educative nursing intervention composed of home visits and phone calls on patients' knowledge about the disease, self-care and adhesion to the treatment. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial with patients with recent hospitalization caused by decompensated heart failure. There were two groups: the intervention group, which has received four home visits and four phone calls to reinforce the guidelines during six months of follow up; and the control group, which has received conventional follow up with no visits or phone calls. RESULTS: Two hundred patients were randomized (101 in the intervention group and 99 in the control group). After six months, a significant improvement was observed in self-care and knowledge about the disease in the intervention group (P=0.001 and POBJETIVO: Verificar el efecto de una intervención educativa de enfermería combinada de visita domiciliaria y contacto telefónico en pacientes con internación reciente por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada, en el conocimiento de la enfermedad, las habilidades para el autocuidado y la adhesión al tratamiento comparado con el acompañamiento convencional de pacientes en el período de seis meses. MÉTODOS: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado en pacientes que fueron ingresados recientemente por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada. El grupo intervención recibió cuatro visitas domiciliarias y cuatro contactos telefónicos para reforzar las orientaciones en seis meses de acompañamiento; el grupo control recibió acompañamiento convencional sin visitas y sin contactos telefónicos. RESULTADOS: Fueron aleatorizados doscientos pacientes (101: intervención y 99: control). Tras seis meses, se observó una mejoría significativa en el conocimiento y el autocuidado para el grupo intervención (P=0,001 y POBJETIVO: verificar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa de enfermagem combinada, caracterizada por visita domiciliar e contato telefônico, em pacientes com internação recente por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada, no conhecimento da doença, nas habilidades para o autocuidado e na adesão ao tratamento, comparado ao acompanhamento convencional de pacientes no período de seis meses. MÉTODOS: nsaio línico randomizado com pacientes que tiveram internação recente por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. O grupo-intervenção recebeu quatro visitas domiciliares e quatro contatos telefônicos para reforço das orientações, em seis meses de acompanhamento; o grupo-controle recebeu acompanhamento convencional sem visitas e sem contatos telefônicos. RESULTADOS: duzentos pacientes foram randomizados (101: intervenção e 99: controle). Após seis meses, observou-se melhora significativa no conhecimento e autocuidado para o grupo-intervenção (p=0,001 e

Effect of the essential oil from Cantinoa carpinifolia (Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore on efflux of potassium ions from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains

Essential oils are secondary metabolites synthesized from glucose via two basic precursors, terpenes and phenylpropanoids. These compounds present diverse biological activities that reflect the very role they play in plants [1]. One of the most important properties is the antibacterial activity, although there are still few studies regarding the mechanism of action. Cantinoa carpinifolia (Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore, popularly known as rosman, is a plant species belonging to the Lamiaceae family and whose use in popular medicine is described in the treatment of diseases such as colds, flu, and rheumatism [2]. The objectives of the present work were to extract the essential oil from C. carpinifolia and to evaluate its effect on the efflux of potassium ions from strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The essential oil was extracted by the hydrodistillation technique using a modified Clevenger apparatus. The effect of the essential oil on the potassium efflux of bacterial strains was determined by flame photometry [3]. The concentrations tested were 6.25 μL mL-1 and 0.39 μL mL-1 for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. The cell membrane is a barrier between the external and internal environments of the cell, being permeable to the passage of electrolytes that are important for various cellular functions, such as K+ ions. The leakage of these ions indicates that an increase in permeability or rupture of the cell membrane occurred, affecting the functioning of bacterial cell metabolism and causing lysis. There was no significant variation between the five evaluated times (0, 60, 135, 197 and 267 min) for either of the bacteria nor did the concentration of potassium ions differ statistically when the treatments containing the essential oil and the control (bacterial culture) were compared. These results suggest that the essential oil from C. carpinifolia did not influence the cell membrane permeabilities of E. coli and S. aureus to potassium ions because there was no increase in the concentration of this ion at the evaluated times

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Home visit improves knowledge, self-care and adhesion in heart failure: randomized Clinical Trial HELEN-I Visita domiciliar mejora conocimiento, auto cuidado, adhesión en la insuficiencia cardíaca: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado HELEN - I Visita domiciliar melhora conhecimento, autocuidado e adesão na insuficiência cardíaca: ensaio clínico randomizado HELEN-I

OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of an educative nursing intervention composed of home visits and phone calls on patients' knowledge about the disease, self-care and adhesion to the treatment. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial with patients with recent hospitalization caused by decompensated heart failure. There were two groups: the intervention group, which has received four home visits and four phone calls to reinforce the guidelines during six months of follow up; and the control group, which has received conventional follow up with no visits or phone calls. RESULTS: Two hundred patients were randomized (101 in the intervention group and 99 in the control group). After six months, a significant improvement was observed in self-care and knowledge about the disease in the intervention group (P=0.001 and P<0.001), respectively; the adhesion to the treatment, measured and compared between the groups, was significantly higher in the intervention group (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: the strategy of home visits to patients who were recently hospitalized with decompensated heart failure was effective in improving the outcomes assessed and its implementation deserves to be considered in Brazil aiming at avoiding unplanned hospitalizations. NCT-01213862<br>OBJETIVO: Verificar el efecto de una intervención educativa de enfermería combinada de visita domiciliaria y contacto telefónico en pacientes con internación reciente por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada, en el conocimiento de la enfermedad, las habilidades para el autocuidado y la adhesión al tratamiento comparado con el acompañamiento convencional de pacientes en el período de seis meses. MÉTODOS: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado en pacientes que fueron ingresados recientemente por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada. El grupo intervención recibió cuatro visitas domiciliarias y cuatro contactos telefónicos para reforzar las orientaciones en seis meses de acompañamiento; el grupo control recibió acompañamiento convencional sin visitas y sin contactos telefónicos. RESULTADOS: Fueron aleatorizados doscientos pacientes (101: intervención y 99: control). Tras seis meses, se observó una mejoría significativa en el conocimiento y el autocuidado para el grupo intervención (P=0,001 y P<0,001), respectivamente; la adhesión al tratamiento, comparada al final entre los grupos, fue significativamente mayor en el grupo intervención (P<0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: La estrategia de visita domiciliaria para pacientes internados recientemente por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada fue efectiva en la mejora de los desenlaces evaluados y su implementación merece ser considerada en Brasil con objeto de evitar internaciones no planificadas. NCT-01213862<br>OBJETIVO: verificar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa de enfermagem combinada, caracterizada por visita domiciliar e contato telefônico, em pacientes com internação recente por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada, no conhecimento da doença, nas habilidades para o autocuidado e na adesão ao tratamento, comparado ao acompanhamento convencional de pacientes no período de seis meses. MÉTODOS: nsaio línico randomizado com pacientes que tiveram internação recente por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. O grupo-intervenção recebeu quatro visitas domiciliares e quatro contatos telefônicos para reforço das orientações, em seis meses de acompanhamento; o grupo-controle recebeu acompanhamento convencional sem visitas e sem contatos telefônicos. RESULTADOS: duzentos pacientes foram randomizados (101: intervenção e 99: controle). Após seis meses, observou-se melhora significativa no conhecimento e autocuidado para o grupo-intervenção (p=0,001 e p<0,001), respectivamente; a adesão ao tratamento, aferida no final entre os grupos, foi significativamente maior no grupo-intervenção (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: a estratégia de visita domiciliar para pacientes que se internaram recentemente por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada foi efetiva na melhora dos desfechos avaliados, e sua implementação merece ser considerada no Brasil, visando-se evitar internações não planejadas. NCT-0121386

Improvement of Organic Agriculture with Growth-Promoting and Biocontrol Yeasts

Organic agriculture has significantly expanded over the years, increasing population. The productive methodology adopted in globalized agricultural systems reinforced the need to develop technologies that reduce the problems caused by the excessive use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. Some progress is being made by applying yeasts in agriculture due to the advantages associated with their use, such as promoting plant growth, biological control, inhibition of pathogens, and production of phytohormones. This chapter discusses studies that demonstrate the potential of yeasts in agriculture for biocontrol and plant growth. Yeasts are widely disseminated in the soil, increase and promote biological control, and show positive and promising results in the management of various phytopathogens. The interactions of these organisms influence multiple processes, such as the mineralization of organic matter in the soil, nutrient cycle, disease and weed control, and ecological balance. Efforts must be made to enable the production and application of yeasts as control agents in agriculture. Considering the diversity of yeast species present in the soil, their morphological, physiological, and phenotypic properties, understanding interactions and environmental effects integrating an ecological scenario is the key to good agricultural practices in a more sustainable context