92 research outputs found
“Análisis en profundidad de las narrativas que hacen, egresados y docentes directores, acerca del proceso de elaboración de tesinas”
Esta investigación pretende dar cuenta de la problemática que constituye, al interior de lasinstituciones académicas de grado, la elaboración de una tesina para la obtención de lastitulaciones. Se indagó en los relatos de egresados y directores o tutores de tesina, acerca decómo fue el proceso de elaboración de estas, a fin de comprender y sistematizar susperspectivas. Las Licenciaturas en Minoridad, Psicología y Criminalística, Facultad dePsicología, UDA, constituyen el marco del estudio
Vinegar production from fruit concentrates: effect on volatile composition and antioxidant activity
Vinegar stands as a highly appreciated fermented food product due to several functional properties and multiple applications. This work focuses on vinegar production from fruit wines derived from fruit concentrates, to attain a food product with nutritional added value. Four fruit vinegars (orange, mango, cherry and banana), were produced and characterized, with total acidities of 5.3 ± 0.3% for orange, 5.6 ± 0.2% for mango, 4.9 ± 0.4% for cherry and 5.4 ± 0.4% for banana. Acetification showed impact on aroma volatiles, mainly related to oxidative reactions. Minor volatiles associated with varietal aroma were identified, monoterpenic alcohols in orange vinegar, esters in banana vinegar, C13-norisoprenoids in cherry vinegar and lactones in mango vinegar, indicating fruit vinegars differentiated sensory quality. Total antioxidant activity analysis by FRAP, revealed fruit vinegars potential to preserve and deliver fruit functional properties. Antioxidant activity of fruit vinegars, expressed as equivalents of Fe2SO4, was of 11.0 ± 1.67 mmol L1 for orange, 4.8 ± 0.5 mmol L1 for mango, 18.6 ± 2.33 mmol L1 for cherry and 3.7 ± 0.3 mmol L1 for banana. Therefore, fruit vinegars presented antioxidant activity close to the reported for the corresponding fruit, and between 8 and 40 folds higher than the one found in commercial cider vinegar, demonstrating the high functional potential of these novel vinegar products.Authors would like to acknowledge the financial funding of: FruitVinegarDRINK QREN Project (Ref. 23209), Project "BioInd-Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and Agro-Food processes, REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028" Co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2 - O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER and the FCT Strategic Project Pest OE/EQB/LA0023/2013. Authors would also like to acknowledge the participation of Mendes Goncalves S.A. and Frulact S.A. staff, for the active input, which led to the work basis and rationale.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Human genetic selection on the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The prevalence of genotypes of the 677C>T polymorphism for the MTHFR gene varies among humans. In previous studies, we found changes in the genotypic frequencies of this polymorphism in populations of different ages, suggesting that this could be caused by an increase in the intake of folate and multivitamins by women during the periconceptional period. The aim was to analyze changes in the allelic frequencies of this polymorphism in a Spanish population, including samples from spontaneous abortions (SA).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 1305 subjects born in the 20th century were genotyped for the 677C>T polymorphism using allele specific real-time PCR with Taqman<sup>® </sup>probes. A section of our population (n = 276) born in 1980–1989 was compared with fetal samples (n = 344) from SA of unknown etiology from the same period.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An increase in the frequency of the T allele (0.38 vs 0.47; p < 0.001) and of the TT genotype (0.14 vs 0.24; p < 0.001) in subjects born in the last quarter of the century was observed. In the 1980–1989 period, the results show that the frequency of the wild type genotype (CC) is about tenfold lower in the SA samples than in the controls (0.03 vs 0.33; p < 0.001) and that the frequency of the TT genotype increases in the controls (0.19 to 0.27) and in the SA samples (0.20 to 0.33 (p < 0.01)); r = 0.98.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Selection in favor of the T allele has been detected. This selection could be due to the increased fetal viability in early stages of embryonic development, as is deduced by the increase of mutants in both living and SA populations.</p
El uso de una escape room como recurso docente en la Facultad de Farmacia
[EN] Escape Rooms are educational resources that are being used by many educators, fostering
elements of collaboration that help in social skills development. In this study, a
multidisciplinary Escape Room has been developed as an educational tool in order to
improve students learning and prepare them for the future of professional practice. 145
students and 12 professors belonging to 8 different areas of knowledge from the Faculty of
Pharmacy of the University of Seville participated in this activity. Through this innovation,
a student-teacher feedback has been created, improving their relationship and learning from
each other. The results obtained through satisfaction surveys show the great acceptance that
the escape room had among the students, being the study valued with an overall score of
4.83/5. Although 93% of the students considered the activity of high/very high difficulty,
100% of them emphasize that this tool encourages teamwork and 86.9% consider that it
reinforces knowledge. This study has awakened students motivation and interest in the
subjects involved, strengthening learning and knowledge of the fundamental concepts
acquired, and promoting teamwork and problem solving.[ES] Las Escape Rooms son un tipo de recurso que está siendo utilizado por muchos educadores, propiciando elementos de colaboración que ayudan a desarrollar habilidades sociales. En este estudio se ha desarrollado una Escape Room multidisciplinar como herramienta educativa con el fin de mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y prepararlos para el futuro de la práctica profesional. Participaron 145 alumnos y 12 profesores adscritos a 8 áreas de conocimiento distintas de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Sevilla. Mediante esta innovación se ha producido una retroalimentación alumno-profesor, mejorando su relación y aprendiendo mutuamente. Los resultados obtenidos mediante encuestas de satisfacción muestran la gran aceptación que ha tenido la Escape Room entre los alumnos, siendo el estudio valorado con una puntuación general de 4,83/5. A pesar de que el 93% de los alumnos consideró la actividad de alta/muy alta dificultad, el 100% de los mismos destacan que esta herramienta fomenta el trabajo en equipo y el 86,9% considera que refuerza los conocimientos. Este estudio ha despertado en los alumnos la motivación e interés por las asignaturas implicadas, fortaleciendo el aprendizaje y conocimiento de los conceptos fundamentales adquiridos, y propiciando el trabajo en equipo y la resolución de problemas.Gutiérrez Praena, D.; Rios -Reina, R.; Ruiz, R.; Talero, E.; Callejón, R.; Callejón, RM.; Casas, M.... (2019). El uso de una escape room como recurso docente en la Facultad de Farmacia. En IN-RED 2019. V Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1145-1155. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2019.2019.10356OCS1145115
Distribution and genetic variation of hymenolepidid cestodes in murid rodents on the Canary Islands (Spain)
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the Canary Islands there are no previous data about tapeworms (Cestoda) of rodents. In order to identify the hymenolepidid species present in these hosts, a survey of 1,017 murine (349 <it>Rattus rattus</it>, 13 <it>Rattus norvegicus </it>and 655 <it>Mus musculus domesticus</it>) was carried out in the whole Archipelago. Molecular studies based on nuclear <it>ITS1 </it>and mitochondrial <it>COI </it>loci were performed to confirm the identifications and to analyse the levels of genetic variation and differentiation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Three species of hymenolepidids were identified: <it>Hymenolepis diminuta</it>, <it>Rodentolepis microstoma </it>and <it>Rodentolepis fraterna</it>. <it>Hymenolepis diminuta </it>(in rats) and <it>R. microstoma </it>(in mice) showed a widespread distribution in the Archipelago, and <it>R. fraterna </it>was the least spread species, appearing only on five of the islands. The hymenolepidids found on Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and La Graciosa were restricted to one area. The <it>COI </it>network of <it>H. diminuta </it>showed that the haplotypes from Lanzarote and Fuerteventura are the most distant with respect to the other islands, but clearly related among them.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Founder effects and biotic and abiotic factors could have played important role in the presence/absence of the hymenolepidid species in determined locations. The haplotypes from the eastern islands (Fuerteventura and Lanzarote) seem to have shared an ancestral haplotype very distant from the most frequent one that was found in the rest of the islands. Two colonization events or a single event with subsequent isolation and reduced gene flow between western-central and eastern islands, have taken place in the Archipelago. The three tapeworms detected are zoonotic species, and their presence among rodents from this Archipelago suggests a potential health risk to human via environmental contamination in high risk areas. However, the relatively low prevalence of infestations detected and the focal distribution of some of these species on certain islands reduce the general transmission risk to human.</p
Influence of fruit maturation process on the sensory quality of virgin olive oils from Picual, Hojiblanca and Picudo cultivars
La calidad sensorial del aceite de oliva virgen (AOV) está estrechamente relacionada con la variedad y el grado de maduración de la aceituna. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue investigar la influencia del grado de maduración sobre el perfil sensorial de aceites de oliva virgen monovarietales con el fin de establecer el momento óptimo de recolección. Los frutos de tres variedades diferentes, Picual, Picudo y Hojiblanca fueron recolectados en nueve etapas de maduración diferentes. Los parámetros de calidad fueron evaluados y las características organolépticas se determinaron por un panel de cata. Los resultados muestran que los parámetros analíticos disminuyeron ligeramente en todas las variedades. Para cada variedad se describe la evolución de las características organolépticas de los aceites de oliva virgen así como sus flavores típicos. En todas las variedades estudiadas, los atributos «frutado» (afrutado) y «amargo» disminuyeron durante la maduración, por el contrario el atributo «dulce» se incrementó. Los resultados mostrados pueden ser de gran utilidad para proveer información sobre la evolución de la calidad sensorial de los aceites de oliva virgen durante la maduración para obtener aceites basados en las preferencias del mercado.The sensory quality of virgin olive oil is closely correlated with the cultivar and the degree of ripening of the olive fruit.
The aim of the present work was to investigate the influence of ripening degree on sensory profile of monovarietal virgin
olive oils (VOO) in order to establish an optimum harvesting time. Fruit obtained from three different cultivars, Picual,
Picudo and Hojiblanca were picked at nine different stages of ripeness. The quality parameters were evaluated and the sensory characteristics were determinate by a sensor panel.
The analytical parameters decrease slightly in all cultivars. The evolution of the organoleptic characteristics of the virgin
olive oil is reported and typical flavors are described for each cultivar. In all studied cultivar, “fruity” and “bitter” attributes decreased during the ripening and conversely “sweet” attribute increased. The results showed in this work could be
considered useful for providing information about the evolution of sensory quality of virgin olive oils during ripening
to obtain those based on market preferences
Essential oils as antibacterial agents against food-borne pathogens: are they really as useful as they are claimed to be ?
Original articleMost studies evaluating the use of essential oils
(EO) as antibacterial agents focus mainly on minimal
inhibitory concentrations (MIC) rather than minimal bactericidal
concentrations (MBC). In this work, we compared
MICs and MBCs of EO from condiment plants commonly
used in Mediterranean Europe, namely Origanum vulgare,
Salvia lavandulaefolia, Salvia officinalis, Salvia sclarea
and Rosmarinus officinalis, aiming to evaluate their
application as disinfecting agents in minimally processed
produce. Outbreaks-related pathogens such as Listeria
monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Yarrowia
lipolytica were used. Results showed that all EO were able
to reduce bacterial growth in all bacterial strains tested,
particularly O. vulgare. However, fewer EO exhibited
bactericidal activities, and were only effective against one
or two bacterial strains, hence eliminating the possibility to
use them as broad range disinfectants. Furthermore, the
necessary concentrations were too high for food application.
Hence, our work suggests the need to evaluate MBC
rather than MIC and questions EO usefulness in controlling
undesired microorganisms. Overall, and despite the large volume of data published on EO, results obtained were not
very encouraging for a realistic application on produce and
question the viability of EOs as disinfecting agents in foodinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Structure–activity relationships on the odor detectability of homologous carboxylic acids by humans
We measured concentration detection functions for the odor detectability of the homologs: formic, acetic, butyric, hexanoic, and octanoic acids. Subjects (14 ≤ n ≤ 18) comprised young (19–37 years), healthy, nonsmoker, and normosmic participants from both genders. Vapors were delivered by air dilution olfactometry, using a three-alternative forced-choice procedure against carbon-filtered air, and an ascending concentration approach. Delivered concentrations were established by gas chromatography (flame ionization detector) in parallel with testing. Group and individual olfactory functions were modeled by a sigmoid (logistic) equation from which two parameters are calculated: C, the odor detection threshold (ODT) and D, the steepness of the function. Thresholds declined with carbon chain length along formic, acetic, and butyric acid where they reached a minimum (ODTs = 514, 5.2, and 0.26 ppb by volume, respectively). Then, they increased for hexanoic (1.0 ppb) and octanoic (0.86 ppb) acid. Odor thresholds and interindividual differences in olfactory acuity among these young, normosmic participants were lower than traditionally thought and reported. No significant effects of gender on odor detectability were observed. The finding of an optimum molecular size for odor potency along homologs confirms a prediction made by a model of ODTs based on a solvation equation. We discuss the mechanistic implications of this model for the process of olfactory detection
Multi-criteria ranking of corporate distress prediction models: empirical evaluation and methodological contributions
YesAlthough many modelling and prediction frameworks for corporate bankruptcy
and distress have been proposed, the relative performance evaluation of prediction models
is criticised due to the assessment exercise using a single measure of one criterion at
a time, which leads to reporting conflicting results. Mousavi et al. (Int Rev Financ Anal
42:64–75, 2015) proposed an orientation-free super-efficiency DEA-based framework to
overcome this methodological issue. However, within a super-efficiency DEA framework,
the reference benchmark changes from one prediction model evaluation to another, which
in some contexts might be viewed as “unfair” benchmarking. In this paper, we overcome
this issue by proposing a slacks-based context-dependent DEA (SBM-CDEA) framework
to evaluate competing distress prediction models. In addition, we propose a hybrid crossbenchmarking-
cross-efficiency framework as an alternative methodology for ranking DMUs
that are heterogeneous. Furthermore, using data on UK firms listed on London Stock
Exchange, we perform a comprehensive comparative analysis of the most popular corporate
distress prediction models; namely, statistical models, under both mono criterion and
multiple criteria frameworks considering several performance measures. Also, we propose
new statistical models using macroeconomic indicators as drivers of distress
¿Es eficaz la Mitomicina C en el tratamiento del pterigión primario?
Purpose: By determining the efectiveness of the Mitomycin C in the treatment of the primary pterygium. Material and methods: It has been carried out a fortuitous clinical trial double blind, checked five times with placebo, in parallel groups of 273 eyes with primary pterygium. The surgical technique used was the simple resection with bared sclera. The concentration of Mitomycin C had as result 0.005% and 0.01% so intra as post-operatively. Results: The recurrences in patients smaller than 60 years with 0.01% dose hade as a result 15.2% (5 of them), with 0.005% dose had as a result 28% (7 of them), and with placebo it had as a result 41.1% (23 of them), They are very significant if we are refering to statistics (p= 0.036). The recurrences in patients bigger that 60 years with 0.01% dose had as result 29.4% (5 of them), with 0.005% dose had as a result 47.1% (8 of them) and with placebo it had as a result 28.1% ( 9 of them) but they weren¿t significant. Conclusions: The treatment in patients smaller than 60 years with placebo incremented the risk of recurrences (Ods Ratio) 2.39 times in relation to the treatment with Mitomycin C (trust interval: 1.06-5.37, statistical significance p= 0.035). The groups treated with Mitomycin C didn¿t show a wide incidence or gravity in side effects related to the control group.Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia de la Mitomicina C en el tratamiento del pterigión primario. Material y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorio, doble ciego, controlado con placebo, de cinco períodos, con grupos paralelos de 273 ojos con pterigión primario. La técnica quirúrgica empleada fue la resección simple con esclera desnuda. Las concentraciones de Mitomicina fueron de 0,005% y 0,01%, tanto intra como postoperatoriamente. Resultados: En los pacientes menores de 60 años las recidivas con la dosis de 0,01% fueron un 15,2% (5 sujetos), con 0,005% de 28% (7 sujetos) y con placebo de 41,1% (23 sujetos), siendo estadísticamente significativo (p=0,036). En el grupo de pacientes con más de 60 años las recidivas con la dosis de 0,01% fueron un 29,4% (5 sujetos), con 0,005% un 47,1% (8 sujetos) y con placebo 28,1% (9 sujetos), no siendo significativo. Conclusiones: En menores de 60 años el tratamiento con placebo aumentó el riesgo de recidiva (OR) 2,39 veces en relación al tratamiento con Mitomicina (intervalo de confianza: 1,06-5,37, significación estadística p=0,035). Los grupos tratados con Mitomicina no presentaron mayor incidencia ni gravedad de efectos secundarios en relación al grupo control
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