9 research outputs found
Acute toxicity, bioaccumulation and effects of dietary 1 transfer of silver from brine 2 shrimps exposed to PVP/PEI-coated silver nanoparticles to zebrafish
The extensive use and release to the aquatic environment of silver nanoparticles (NPs) could lead to their incorporation into the food web. Brine shrimp larvae of 24 h showed low sensitivity to the exposure to PVP/PEI-coated Ag NPs (5 nm), with EC50 values at 24 h of 19.63 mg Ag L-1, but they significantly accumulated silver after 24 h of exposure to 100 μg L-1 of Ag NPs. Thus, to assess bioaccumulation and effects of silver transferred by the diet in zebrafish, brine shrimp larvae were exposed to 100 ng L-1 of Ag NPs as an environmentally relevant concentration or to 100 μg L-1 as a potentially effective concentration and used to feed zebrafish for 21 days. Autometallography revealed a dose- and time-dependent metal accumulation in the intestine and in the liver of zebrafish. Three-day feeding with brine shrimps exposed to 100 ng L-1 of Ag NPs was enough to impair fish health as reflected by the significant reduction of lysosomal membrane stability and the presence of vacuolization and necrosis in the liver.
However, dietary exposure to 100 μg L-1 of Ag NPs for 3 days did not significantly alter gene transcription levels, neither in the liver nor in the intestine. After 21 days, biological processes such as lipid transport and localization, cellular response to chemical stimulus and response to xenobiotic stimulus were significantly altered in the liver. Overall, these results indicate an effective dietary transfer of silver and point out to liver as the main target organ for Ag NP toxicity in zebrafish after dietary exposure.MINECO (NanoSilverOmicsproject- MAT2012-39372)
Basque Government (consolidated research groups IT810-13 and IT620-13; Saiotek S-PE13UN142)
University of the Basque Country (UFIs 11/37 and 11/52)
Atividade da colinesterase plasmática como biomarcador de impacto ambiental em tartarugas verdes (Chelonia mydas) no litoral do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco
Light microscopic catalase histochemistry in mussel digestive gland tissue
Different light microscopical procedures for
the histochemical demonstration of catalase were tested
in cryostat sections of mussel digestive gland tissue by
using both benzidine and diaminobenzidine (DAB) as
hydrogen donors. The selected procedure, which was
also applied to mouse liver for comparative purposes,
consisted of incubation in media containing 0.2% DAB
and 0.3% H202 at pH 10.4 for 35 min at 42 "C. Addition
of 0.01 M imidazole to the incubation medium increased
the staining intensity of the histochemical procedure.
The positive reaction product was localized in epithelial
cells lining the digestive tubules and the ducts. The
histochemical reaction was inhibited partially by
aminotriazole or sodium azide and disappeared
completely by omission of H202 from the incubation
medium. On the other hand, heat resistant nonenzymatic
reactions were observed in sites known to
contain lipofuscins such as epithelial cells of the
gastrointestinal tract and connective tissue brown cells
A stereological survey of lysosomal structure alterations in Littorina littorea exposed to 1-naphthol
Assessment of the effects of discontinuous sources of contamination through biomarker analyses on caged mussels
International audienc
The ‘Coral Bulker’ Fuel Oil Spill on the North Coast of Portugal: Spatial and Temporal Biomarker Responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis
In December 2000, the ship ‘Coral Bulker’ ran aground at the entrance of the port of Viana do Castelo (North–west coast of Portugal). A large amount of fuel oil was spilled and part of it reached the shore. To evaluate the spatial and temporal impact of this oil spill, a field study, and several laboratory toxicity tests were performed using Mytilus galloprovincialis as biological indicator of environmental contamination and the biomarkers glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as indicative criteria. Fifteen days after the oil spill, mussels collected at stations located near the ship presented higher and lower values of GSTs and AChE activity, respectively. These results, and those obtained in the laboratory toxicity tests, evidence that these biomarkers were sensitive indicators of exposure to this kind of pollution and were able to monitor a spatial impact of the oil spill of at least 10 km, confirming the higher level of contamination near the ship and a contamination gradient along the sampling stations. One year after the accident, such a contamination gradient was no longer evident. This study highlight the potential suitability of a biomarker approach for assessing spatial and temporal impacts of marine pollution accidents, such as fuel oil spills, suggesting the inclusion of these biomarkers in risk assessment studies, as cost-effective and early warning recognized tools. Major advantages and limitations of the biomarker approach used in this study are further discussed