Computing coset leaders and leader codewords of binary codes

In this paper we use the Gr\"obner representation of a binary linear code $\mathcal C$ to give efficient algorithms for computing the whole set of coset leaders, denoted by $\mathrm{CL}(\mathcal C)$ and the set of leader codewords, denoted by $\mathrm L(\mathcal C)$. The first algorithm could be adapted to provide not only the Newton and the covering radius of $\mathcal C$ but also to determine the coset leader weight distribution. Moreover, providing the set of leader codewords we have a test-set for decoding by a gradient-like decoding algorithm. Another contribution of this article is the relation stablished between zero neighbours and leader codewords

Reactivity of dolomitizing fluids and Mg source evaluation of fault-controlled dolomitization at the Benicàssim outcrop analogue (Maestrat Basin, E Spain)

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Origen de la alunita y la natroalunita del depósito de caolín de Mina Equivocada (Prov. de Río Negro, Argentina)

The origin of alunite and natroalunite from a kaolin deposit (Equivocada Mine, Rio Negro Province) has been studied. Chemical analysis showed that alunite is K<sub>0.89</sub> and natroalunite Na<sub>0.97</sub>, in agreement with X ray diffraction data. The high contents of minor elements in alunite, especially Ba and Sr are compatible with a hydrothermal origin in contrast to natroalunite whose very low values suggest a secondary origin. Alunite has a δ<sup>34<sup/>S = +15.9‰ and a δ<sup>18</sup>O = +12.9‰, while in natroalunite these values are -5.8‰ and +19.0‰ respectively. δ<sup>34<sup/>S values suggest that alunite formed from a hypogenic process of hydrothermal origin whereas natroalunite is probably related to a supergen origin. The occurrence of alunite in veins crosscutting the other minerals, indicates that it was the last mineral to crystallize

Geology of the Cerro Quema Au-Cu deposit (Azuero Peninsula, Panama)

The Cerro Quema district, located on the Azuero Peninsula, Panama, is part of a large regional hydrothermal system controlled by regional faults striking broadly E-W, developed within the Río Quema Formation. This formation is composed of volcanic, sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary rocks indicating a submarine depositional environment, corresponding to the fore-arc basin of a Cretaceous–Paleogene volcanic arc. The structures observed in the area and their tectono-stratigraphic relationship with the surrounding formations suggest a compressive and/or transpressive tectonic regime, at least during Late Cretaceous–Oligocene times. The igneous rocks of the Río Quema Formation plot within the calc-alkaline field with trace and rare earth element (REE) patterns of volcanic arc affinity. This volcanic arc developed on the Caribbean large igneous province during subduction of the Farallon Plate. Mineralization consists of disseminations of pyrite and enargite as well as a stockwork of pyrite and barite with minor sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, hosted by a subaqueous dacitic lava dome of the Río Quema Formation. Gold is present as submicroscopic grains and associated with pyrite as invisible gold. A hydrothermal alteration pattern with a core of advanced argillic alteration (vuggy silica with alunite, dickite, pyrite and enargite) and an outer zone of argillic alteration (kaolinite, smectite and illite) has been observed. Supergene oxidation overprinted the hydrothermal alteration resulting in a thick cap of residual silica and iron oxides. The ore minerals, the alteration pattern and the tectono-volcanic environment of Cerro Quema are consistent with a high sulfidation epithermal system developed in the Azuero peninsula during pre-Oligocene time

Fault-controlled and stratabound dolostones in the Late Aptian-earliest Albian Benassal Formation (Maestrat Basin, E Spain) : petrology and geochemistry constrains

This study was developed under the ExxonMobil FC2 Alliance (Fundamental Controls on Flow in Carbonates). The authors wish to thank ExxonMobil Production Company and ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company for providing funding. The views in this article by Sherry L. Stafford are her own and not necessarily those of ExxonMobil. This research was supported by the Sedimentary Geology Research Group of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR251). We would like to thank Andrea Ceriani and Paola Ronchi for their critical and valuable reviews, and Associated Editor Piero Gianolla for the editorial work.Peer reviewedPostprin

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure

Objective: The objective of this paper is to assess the reliability and validity of the Spanish translation of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure, a 34-item selfreport questionnaire that measures the client’s status in the domains of Subjective well-being, Problems/Symptoms, Life functioning, and Risk. Method: Six hundred and forty-four adult participants were included in two samples: the clinical sample (n=192) from different mental health and primary care centers; and the nonclinical sample (n=452), which included a student and a community sample. Results: The questionnaire showed good acceptability and internal consistency, appropriate test–retest reliability, and acceptable convergent validity. Strong differentiation between clinical and nonclinical samples was found. As expected, the Risk domain had different characteristics than other domains, but all findings were comparable with the UK referential data. Cutoff scores were calculated for clinical significant change assessment. Conclusion: The Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure showed acceptable psychometric properties, providing support for using the questionnaire for monitoring the progress of Spanish-speaking psychotherapy clients

Autologous deciduous tooth-derived material for alveolar ridge preservation: a clinical and histological case report

The management of the alveolar socket is fundamental to create conditions that would allow the positioning of dental implants in the same site, when required. A number of biomaterials were described in scientific literature to be used for alveolar socket preservation immediately after tooth extraction: autogenous grafts, allograft (of various origin), and synthetic products. Among the autogenous biomaterials, some authors proposed the use of autogenous dentin and/or enamel, retrieved from teeth, adequately managed, and purified. The present case report with two-year follow-up shows one case of alveolar socket preservation by using tooth graft material that was subsequently treated with one implant-supported rehabilitation in the same site. The paper presents clinical and histological outcomes and confirms the feasibility of adopting such autogenous biomaterial in standard procedures

Sea surface emissivity observations at L-band: first results of the Wind and Salinity Experiment WISE 2000

Sea surface salinity can be measured by passive microwave remote sensing at L-band. In May 1999, the European Space Agency (ESA) selected the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission to provide global coverage of soil moisture and ocean salinity. To determine the effect of wind on the sea surface emissivity, ESA sponsored the Wind and Salinity Experiment (WISE 2000). This paper describes the field campaign, the measurements acquired with emphasis in the radiometric measurements at L-band, their comparison with numerical models, and the implications for the remote sensing of sea salinity.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Tooth as graft material: Histologic study

Background: An effective regenerative protocol is key to reestablish and maintain the hard and soft tissue dimensions over time. The choice of the graft material and its properties also could have an impact on the results. To prevent alveolar ridge dimensional changes, since numerous graft materials have been suggested and in the past years, a growing interest in teeth material has been observed as a valuable alternative to synthetic biomaterials. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the histomorphometric outcomes of tooth derivative materials as used as bone substitute material in socket preservation procedure. Methods: After alveolar socket preservation (ASP) procedures using autologous demineralized tooth as graft material prepared by means of an innovative device, was evaluated. A total of 101 histological samples, from 96 subjects, were analyzed by evaluating the total amount of bone (BV), residual tooth material (residual graft, TT), and vital bone (VB). The section from each sample was then split in nine subsections, resulting in 909 subsections, to allow statistical comparison between the different areas. Results: It was not noticed a statistically significant difference between maxillary and mandibular sites, being the amount of VB in upper jaw sites 37.9 ± 21.9% and 38.0 ± 22.0% in lower jaw sites and the amount of TT was 7.7 ± 12.2% in maxilla and 7.0 ± 11.1% in mandibles. None of the other considered parameters, including defect type and section position, were statistically correlated to the results of the histomorphometric analysis. Conclusions: ASP procedure using demineralized autologous tooth-derived biomaterial may be a predictable procedure to produce new vital bone potentially capable to support dental implant rehabilitation

Automatic Zig-Zag sampling in practice

Novel Monte Carlo methods to generate samples from a target distribution, such as a posterior from a Bayesian analysis, have rapidly expanded in the past decade. Algorithms based on Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes (PDMPs), non-reversible continuous-time processes, are developing into their own research branch, thanks their important properties (e.g., correct invariant distribution, ergodicity, and super-efficiency). Nevertheless, practice has not caught up with the theory in this field, and the use of PDMPs to solve applied problems is not widespread. This might be due, firstly, to several implementational challenges that PDMP-based samplers present with and, secondly, to the lack of papers that showcase the methods and implementations in applied settings. Here, we address both these issues using one of the most promising PDMPs, the Zig-Zag sampler, as an archetypal example. After an explanation of the key elements of the Zig-Zag sampler, its implementation challenges are exposed and addressed. Specifically, the formulation of an algorithm that draws samples from a target distribution of interest is provided. Notably, the only requirement of the algorithm is a closed-form function to evaluate the target density of interest, and, unlike previous implementations, no further information on the target is needed. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated against another gradient-based sampler, and it is proven to be competitive, in simulation and real-data settings. Lastly, we demonstrate that the super-efficiency property, i.e. the ability to draw one independent sample at a lesser cost than evaluating the likelihood of all the data, can be obtained in practice.Comment: Small edits from previous version following some minor revisions requeste