Preparación de mallas mediante electrohilado para la inhibición de la angiogénesis

La preparación de nanofibras por electrohilado está ganando mucho interés en la actualidad debido a su posible aplicación como sistemas de liberación controlada de fármaco. La incorporación del compuesto activo en la matriz polimérica de las fibras permite su protección frente a los procesos degradativos del organismo y su liberación controlada y localizada. Numerosas enfermedades (psoriasis, retinopatías diabéticas, crecimiento de tumores) están relacionadas con alteraciones en la angiogénesis (formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos a partir de otros ya formados), por tanto el desarrollo de nuevos compuestos que regulen adecuadamente los procesos angiogénicos se está estudiando como una posible vía en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades. En el presente trabajo se han preparado y caracterizado nanofibras de ácido poli(D,L-láctico) cargadas con ácido 5-amino-2-naftalensulfónico o el homopolímero del ácido 2-acrilamido-2-metilpropanosulfónico, compuestos inhibidores de la acción de algunos factores de crecimiento proangiogénicos dependientes de heparina. La distinta naturaleza de los compuestos activos utilizados permitieron la obtención de diferentes perfiles de liberación, dependientes de la hidrofilia del compuesto activo, su peso molecular y la biodegradabilidad del ácido poli(D,L-láctico). Ambos sistemas mostraron una alta capacidad para inhibir la mitogénesis de fibroblastos inducida por aFGF.Preparation of nanofibers by electrospinning is gaining much attention due to their potential application as drug delivery systems. The incorporation of the active compound in the polymeric matrix of the fibers prevents degradation and allows a controlled and localized delivery of the drug. Many diseases (psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy, tumor growth) have been related to alterations in the angiogenic processes, therefore the control of angiogenesis is being investigated as a possible treatment for these diseases. In this work poly(D, L-lactic acid) nanofibers loaded with sulfonated active compounds that inhibit heparin-dependent proangiogenic growth factors (5-amino acid-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) have been prepared and characterized. The different nature of the active compounds gave rise different release profiles that depended on the hydrophilic nature of the drug, molecular weight, and the biodegradation of poly (D, L-lactic acid). Both systems showed a high inhibition of fibroblasts aFGF- induced mitogenesis.Peer Reviewe

Natriuresis after water loading in rats bearing transplants of pars intermedia

After water loading, rats bearing ocular grafts of the pars intermedia of the pituitary showed that the content of sodium increased in urine, whereas potassium excretion and diuresis did not vary significatively. These results suggest that in the rat the pars intermedia is involved in the regulation of the electrolyte metabolism.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Utilidad del Holter para el diagnóstico de angina vasoespástica

Male 55 years old atended by resting precordialgia with repeatedly normal electrocardiogram that was diagnosed vasospastic angina by a record Holter after several normal diagnostic test.Varón de 55 años con precordialgia en reposo y electrocardiograma normal repetidamente, al que se diagnóstica de angina vasoespástica mediante un registro Holter después de diversas pruebas diagnósticas

Coating PTFE vascular prostheses with a fibroblastic matrix improves cell retention when subjected to blood flow.

An investigation was made into the effect of blood flow on endothelial cells (EC) and mesothelial cells (MC) seeded on a vascular expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) prosthesis coated with a fibroblastic matrix. Endothelial cells were obtained from the external jugular vein and MC from the omentum. To test the performance of prostheses, a custom designed, femoral "ex vivo" circuit was developed in mongrel dogs. Four study groups were established: a control group, A1, where prostheses were uncoated and seeded with EC; a second control group, A2, where prostheses were uncoated and seeded with MC; group B1 where prostheses were coated with a fibroblastic matrix and seeded with EC; and group B2 where coated prostheses were seeded with MC. All cells were labeled with 111Indium oxine (10 microCi/mL) before seeding. After the seeded cells had formed a monolayer on the ePTFE prostheses (which took approximately 24 h) the prostheses were placed in the "ex vivo" circuit. The rates of blood flow to which prostheses were exposed were measured at the point of inflow (117.5 +/- 12.50 mL/min, mean +/- SD) and outflow (72.6 +/- 14.3 mL/min). MC showed a greater baseline radionuclide uptake than did EC. The cells of groups B1 and B2 adhered sufficiently to the fibroblastic matrix and covered enough of the prosthetic surface to be positioned in the "ex vivo" circuit (76.90 +/- 8.24% surface covered in EC-seeded prostheses and 71.65 +/- 6.23% in MC-seeded prostheses). After exposure to blood flow the quantity of radionuclide-labeled cells and the prosthetic surface covered by them were greatly reduced though the fibroblast-coated prostheses showed greater cell retention

Observation of spontaneous self-channelling of light in air below the collapse threshold

We report the observation of the self-guided propagation of 120 fs, 0.56 mJ infrared radiation in air for distances greater than one meter. In contrast to the known case of filamentation, in the present experiment the laser power is lower than the collapse threshold. Therefore the counter balance between Kerr self focussing and ionization induced defocussing as the stabilizing mechanism is ruled out. Instead, we find evidences of a process in which the transversal beam distribution reshapes into a form similar to a Townes soliton. We include numerical support for this conclusion

Light with a self-torque: extreme-ultraviolet beams with time-varying orbital angular momentum

Twisted light fields carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) provide powerful capabilities for applications in optical communications, microscopy, quantum optics and microparticle rotation. Here we introduce and experimentally validate a new class of light beams, whose unique property is associated with a temporal OAM variation along a pulse: the self-torque of light. Self-torque is a phenomenon that can arise from matter-field interactions in electrodynamics and general relativity, but to date, there has been no optical analog. In particular, the self-torque of light is an inherent property, which is distinguished from the mechanical torque exerted by OAM beams when interacting with physical systems. We demonstrate that self-torqued beams in the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) naturally arise as a necessary consequence of angular momentum conservation in non-perturbative high-order harmonic generation when driven by time-delayed pulses with different OAM. In addition, the time-dependent OAM naturally induces an azimuthal frequency chirp, which provides a signature for monitoring the self-torque of high-harmonic EUV beams. Such self-torqued EUV beams can serve as unique tools for imaging magnetic and topological excitations, for launching selective excitation of quantum matter, and for manipulating molecules and nanostructures on unprecedented time and length scales.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figure

Deterioro cognito disejecutivo en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria: asociación con variables clínicas

Las enfermedades cardiacas se asocian con un incremento del riesgo de deterioro cognitivo. Hemos estudiado en pacientes coronarios la presencia de deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) disejecutivo y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Se ha evaluado en 35 pacientes la función ejecutiva (Trail Making Test, TMT; puntuaciones ajustadas por edad y escolaridad, NEURONORMA). Los pacientes presentaron rendimiento normal o con DCL (percentil de distribución TMT<10%). Se compararon ambos grupos y se estudió la relación del TMT con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas (pruebas no paramétricas y estudio de regresión múltiple). Los pacientes (66 ± 9 años, 69,4% varones) se clasificaron en grupos con rendimiento normal (n=28, 80%) o con rendimiento ejecutivo deficitario (n=7, 20%). El grupo con DCL disejecutivo presentó mayor grado de angina (p=0.03, Canadian Cardiovascular Society), enfermedad de 3 vasos (p=0,04) e índice de masa corporal (p=0.03) y menor tensión arterial diastólica (p=0.02), hemoglobina (p=0.02) y hematocrito (p=0.0001); estas variables resultaron significativas del rendimiento en el TMT como variable dependiente (R2=0,62) Se muestra en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria una importante prevalencia de DCL disejecutivo asociado al nivel de angina y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se recomienda realizar evaluación neuropsicológica y seguimiento de pacientes con enfermedad coronaria severa por su mayor riesgo de deterioro cognitivo y funcionalUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Relationship between Salmonella infection, shedding and serology in fattening pigs in low–moderate prevalence areas

Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen causing important zoonosis worldwide. Pigs asymptomatically infected in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) can be intermittent shedders of the pathogen through faeces, being considered a major source of human infections. European baseline studies of fattening pig salmonellosis are based on Salmonella detection in MLN. This work studies the relationship between Salmonella infection in MLN and intestinal content (IC) shedding at slaughter and the relationship between the presence of the pathogen and the serologic status at farm level. Mean Salmonella prevalence in the selected pigs (vertically integrated production system of Navarra, Spain) was 7.2% in MLN, 8.4% in IC and 9.6% in serum samples. In this low–moderate prevalence context, poor concordance was found between MLN infection and shedding at slaughter and between bacteriology and serology. In fact, most of shedders were found uninfected in MLN (83%) or carrying different Salmonella strains in MLN and in IC (90%). The most prevalent Salmonellae were Typhimurium resistant to ACSSuT ± Nx or ASSuT antibiotic families, more frequently found invading the MLN (70%) than in IC (33.9%). Multivariable analysis revealed that risk factors associated with the presence of Salmonella in MLN or in IC were different, mainly related either to good hygiene practices or to water and feed control, respectively. Overall, in this prevalence context, detection of Salmonella in MLN is an unreliable predictor of faecal shedding at abattoir, indicating that subclinical infections in fattening pigs MLN could have limited relevance in the IC shedding.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Numerical investigation of gas-filled multipass cells in the enhanced dispersion regime for clean spectral broadening and pulse compression

We show via numerical simulations that the regime of enhanced frequency chirp can be achieved in gas-filled multipass cells. Our results demonstrate that there exists a region of pulse and cell parameters for which a broad and flat spectrum with a smooth parabolic-like phase can be generated. This spectrum is compatible with clean ultrashort pulses, whose secondary structures are always below the 0.5% of its peak intensity such that the energy ratio (the energy contained within the main peak of the pulse) is above 98%. This regime makes multipass cell post-compression one of the most versatile schemes to sculpt a clean intense ultrashort optical pulse