1,205 research outputs found
Divergence of the Thermal Conductivity in Uniaxially Strained Graphene
We investigate the effect of strain and isotopic disorder on thermal
transport in suspended graphene by equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.
We show that the thermal conductivity of unstrained graphene, calculated from
the fluctuations of the heat current at equilibrium is finite and converges
with size at finite temperature. In contrast, the thermal conductivity of
strained graphene diverges logarithmically with the size of the models, when
strain exceeds a relatively large threshold value of 2%. An analysis of phonon
populations and lifetimes explains the divergence of the thermal conductivity
as a consequence of changes in the occupation of low-frequency out-of-plane
phonons and an increase in their lifetimes due to strain.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Mechanical Tuning of Thermal Transport in a Molecular Junction
Understanding and controlling heat transport in molecular junctions would
provide new routes to design nanoscale coupled electronic and phononic devices.
Using first principles full quantum calculations, we tune thermal conductance
of a molecular junction by mechanically compressing and extending a short
alkane chain connected to graphene leads. We find that the thermal conductance
of the compressed junction drops by half in comparison to the extended
junction, making it possible to turn on and off the heat current. The low
conductance of the off state does not vary by further approaching the leads and
stems from the suppression of the transmission of the in--plane transverse and
longitudinal channels. Furthermore, we show that misalignment of the leads does
not reduce the conductance ratio. These results also contribute to the general
understanding of thermal transport in molecular junctions.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Microscopic Mechanism and Kinetics of Ice Formation at Complex Interfaces: Zooming in on Kaolinite
Most ice in nature forms thanks to impurities which boost the exceedingly low
nucleation rate of pure supercooled water. However, the microscopic details of
ice nucleation on these substances remain largely unknown. Here, we have
unraveled the molecular mechanism and the kinetics of ice formation on
kaolinite, a clay mineral playing a key role in climate science. We find that
the formation of ice at strong supercooling in the presence of this clay is
twenty orders of magnitude faster than homogeneous freezing. The critical
nucleus is substantially smaller than that found for homogeneous nucleation
and, in contrast to the predictions of classical nucleation theory (CNT), it
has a strong 2D character. Nonetheless, we show that CNT describes correctly
the formation of ice at this complex interface. Kaolinite also promotes the
exclusive nucleation of hexagonal ice, as opposed to homogeneous freezing where
a mixture of cubic and hexagonal polytypes is observed
Infrastructure Exposure, Extreme Weather Events & Climate Change - SF Bay - Napoli
Big Data analysis and computer modeling to compare the Mediterranean-type climate coastlands of San Francisco Bay, California (USA), and Naples Bay, southern Italy, prone to extreme weather events, sea storms and tsunami, climate change and sea level rise
Canonical sampling through velocity-rescaling
We present a new molecular dynamics algorithm for sampling the canonical
distribution. In this approach the velocities of all the particles are rescaled
by a properly chosen random factor. The algorithm is formally justified and it
is shown that, in spite of its stochastic nature, a quantity can still be
defined that remains constant during the evolution. In numerical applications
this quantity can be used to measure the accuracy of the sampling. We
illustrate the properties of this new method on Lennard-Jones and TIP4P water
models in the solid and liquid phases. Its performance is excellent and largely
independent on the thermostat parameter also with regard to the dynamic
properties
Assetto geomorfologico dell’area marina di Sinuessa ed ipotesi di fruizione sostenibile
Studio geomorfologico dell’area costiera di Sinuessa (Golfo di Gaeta) che ha consentito di individuare l’approdo di epoca romana di Sinuessa; la ricostruzione dell’evoluzione geomorfologica e tettonica recente dell’area ha reso possibile l’individuazione delle cause della sommersione dell’approdo. L’intenso sviluppo insediativo che oggi caratterizza il tratto di litorale prospiciente l’area spinge a sviluppare un sistema di gestione integrato volto alla valorizzazione dell’area
Development and implementation of a smart greenhouse
A smart greenhouse was developed at Laboratorio de Informatica Aplicada with the department of Agronomic Engineering at the University of Rio Negro, it must provide real-time measurements of parameters such as humidity, temperature and luminosity; it also must allow manual and automatic control for actuators such as heaters, sprinklers and fans based on user input. In order to fulfill the aforementioned requirements the following actions were performed: (a) Design and implementation of a webpage to communicate with and control the greenhouse and, (b) Development: at first a model using Object Oriented Programming was implemented in an Arduino Mega board equipped with an ethernet shield; posteriorly, given that Arduino could not fulfill the necessary tasks, it was decided to develop a second prototype using a Raspberry Pi 2 Model B+ board along with completely new software programmed in Python 3.X Workshop Procesamiento de Señales y Sistemas de Tiempo Real.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic
Development and implementation of a smart greenhouse
A smart greenhouse was developed at Laboratorio de Informatica Aplicada with the department of Agronomic Engineering at the University of Rio Negro, it must provide real-time measurements of parameters such as humidity, temperature and luminosity; it also must allow manual and automatic control for actuators such as heaters, sprinklers and fans based on user input. In order to fulfill the aforementioned requirements the following actions were performed: (a) Design and implementation of a webpage to communicate with and control the greenhouse and, (b) Development: at first a model using Object Oriented Programming was implemented in an Arduino Mega board equipped with an ethernet shield; posteriorly, given that Arduino could not fulfill the necessary tasks, it was decided to develop a second prototype using a Raspberry Pi 2 Model B+ board along with completely new software programmed in Python 3.X Workshop Procesamiento de Señales y Sistemas de Tiempo Real.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic
Thermal Transport Across Graphene Step Junctions
Step junctions are often present in layered materials, i.e. where
single-layer regions meet multi-layer regions, yet their effect on thermal
transport is not understood to date. Here, we measure heat flow across graphene
junctions (GJs) from monolayer to bilayer graphene, as well as bilayer to
four-layer graphene for the first time, in both heat flow directions. The
thermal conductance of the monolayer-bilayer GJ device ranges from ~0.5 to
9.1x10^8 Wm-2K-1 between 50 K to 300 K. Atomistic simulations of such GJ device
reveal that graphene layers are relatively decoupled, and the low thermal
conductance of the device is determined by the resistance between the two
dis-tinct graphene layers. In these conditions the junction plays a negligible
effect. To prove that the decoupling between layers controls thermal transport
in the junction, the heat flow in both directions was measured, showing no
evidence of thermal asymmetry or rectification (within experimental error
bars). For large-area graphene applications, this signifies that small bilayer
(or multilayer) islands have little or no contribution to overall thermal
transport
A novel approach to the classification of terrestrial drainage networks based on deep learning and preliminary results on solar system bodies
Several approaches were proposed to describe the geomorphology of drainage networks and the abiotic/biotic factors determining their morphology. There is an intrinsic complexity of the explicit qualification of the morphological variations in response to various types of control factors and the difficulty of expressing the cause-effect links. Traditional methods of drainage network classification are based on the manual extraction of key characteristics, then applied as pattern recognition schemes. These approaches, however, have low predictive and uniform ability. We present a different approach, based on the data-driven supervised learning by images, extended also to extraterrestrial cases. With deep learning models, the extraction and classification phase is integrated within a more objective, analytical, and automatic framework. Despite the initial difficulties, due to the small number of training images available, and the similarity between the different shapes of the drainage samples, we obtained successful results, concluding that deep learning is a valid way for data exploration in geomorphology and related fields
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