11,847 research outputs found
Self-organized evolution in socio-economic environments
We propose a general scenario to analyze social and economic changes in
modern environments. We illustrate the ideas with a model that incorporating
the main trends is simple enough to extract analytical results and, at the same
time, sufficiently complex to display a rich dynamic behavior. Our study shows
that there exists a macroscopic observable that is maximized in a regime where
the system is critical, in the sense that the distribution of events follow
power-laws. Computer simulations show that, in addition, the system always
self-organizes to achieve the optimal performance in the stationary state.Comment: 4 pages RevTeX; needs epsf.sty and rotate.sty; submitted to Phys Rev
Let
Length-weight relationships of coral reef fishes from the Alacran Reef, Yucatan, Mexico
Length-weight relationships were computed for 42 species of coral reef fishes from 14 families from the Alacran Reef (Yucatan, Mexico). A total of 1 892 individuals was used for this purpose. The fish species were caught by different fishing techniques such as fishhooks, harpoons, gill and trawl nets. The sampling period was from March 1998 to January 2000
Computing the Singularities of Rational Surfaces
Given a rational projective parametrization \cP(\ttt,\sss,\vvv) of a
rational projective surface \cS we present an algorithm such that, with the
exception of a finite set (maybe empty) \cB of projective base points of
\cP, decomposes the projective parameter plane as \projdos\setminus
\cB=\cup_{k=1}^{\ell} \cSm_k such that if (\ttt_0:\sss_0:\vvv_0)\in \cSm_k
then \cP(\ttt_0,\sss_0,\vvv_0) is a point of \cS of multiplicity .Comment: In this new version, we only have changed the thanks. In particular,
we have written: This work was developed, and partially supported, under the
research project MTM2008-04699-C03-01 "Variedades param\'etricas: algoritmos
y aplicaciones", Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\'on, Spain and by "Fondos
Europeos de Desarrollo Regional" of the European Unio
Discovery of a wide companion near the deuterium burning mass limit in the Upper Scorpius association
We present the discovery of a companion near the deuterium burning mass limit
located at a very wide distance, at an angular separation of 4.6+/-0.1 arcsec
(projected distance of ~ 670 AU) from UScoCTIO108, a brown dwarf of the very
young Upper Scorpius association. Optical and near-infrared photometry and
spectroscopy confirm the cool nature of both objects, with spectral types of M7
and M9.5, respectively, and that they are bona fide members of the association,
showing low gravity and features of youth. Their masses, estimated from the
comparison of their bolometric luminosities and theoretical models for the age
range of the association, are 60+/-20 and 14^{+2}_{-8} MJup, respectively. The
existence of this object around a brown dwarf at this wide orbit suggests that
the companion is unlikely to have formed in a disk based on current planet
formation models. Because this system is rather weakly bound, they did not
probably form through dynamical ejection of stellar embryos.Comment: 10 pages, including 4 figures and 2 table
High Gain Amplifier with Enhanced Cascoded Compensation
A two-stage CMOS operational amplifier with both, gain-boosting and indirect current feedback frequency compensation performed by means of regulated cascode amplifiers, is presented. By using quasi-floating-gate transistors (QFGT) the supply requirements, the number of capacitors and the size of the compensation capacitors respect to other Miller schemes are reduced. A prototype was fabricated using a 0.5 μm technology, resulting, for a load of 45 pF and supply voltage of 1.65 V, in open-loop-gain of 129 dB, 23 MHz of gain-bandwidth product, 60o phase margin, 675 μW power consumption and 1% settling time of 28 ns
Comparison of Physiological Responses and Perceived Respiratory Resistance Among Mask Usage During Exercise
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of a face mask in public is recommended when social distancing cannot be maintained to decrease the spread of the virus with many fitness facilities requiring their patrons to wear a face mask during exercise. The physiological response of wearing a face mask during exercise is relatively unknown and is speculated among the media resulting in contradicting messages conveyed to the public PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if a face mask influenced performance (time to exhaustion), physiological responses (heart rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation and temperature) and subjective measurements such as dyspnea, perceived respiratory resistance, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise. METHODS: Fifteen healthy males (n =8) and females (n=7) completed three graded exercise treadmill tests with (1) a surgical face mask, (2) a cloth face mask, and (3) no mask randomly with at least 48hrs apart. Heart rate (HR), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2), temperature, RPE, dyspnea, was measured throughout exercise. Participants rated their perceived respiratory resistance for each condition at rest, beginning of exercise, and at fatigue using a 100 mm visual analog scale. RESULTS: Significant differences (p \u3c 0.05) were observed in perceived respiratory resistance between no mask and both surgical and cloth conditions at rest (1.55 ± 2.34mm; 6.33 ± 6.11mm; 9.67 ± 10.77mm respectively) and at the beginning of exercise (5.93 ± 6.64mm; 15.47 ± 12.56mm; 21.07± 15.04mm respectively). During stage 3 of the exercise test, the no mask condition had a significantly lower RPE compared to the cloth mask condition (13.22 ± 2.14;14.60 ± 2.13 respectively). Time to exhaustion was similar for all conditions (mask: 11:51 ± 2:31min; cloth: 11:16 ± 2:24min; surgical: 11:32 ± 2:23min). At all times points, there was no significant (p \u3e 0.05) difference between the conditions for HR, SpO2, temperature, and dyspnea. CONCLUSION: Wearing either a surgical or cloth face mask is safe during exercise in healthy adults and has no effect on HR, SpO2, or body temperature. It appears that wearing a face mask may have a minor influence on subjective measurements such as perceived respiratory resistance or RPE during exercise
LAGOVirtual: A Collaborative Environment for the Large Aperture GRB Observatory
We present the LAGOVirtual Project: an ongoing project to develop platform to
collaborate in the Large Aperture GRB Observatory (LAGO). This continental-wide
observatory is devised to detect high energy (around 100 GeV) component of
Gamma Ray Bursts, by using the single particle technique in arrays of Water
Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) at high mountain sites (Chacaltaya, Bolivia, 5300 m
a.s.l., Pico Espejo, Venezuela, 4750 m a.s.l., Sierra Negra, Mexico, 4650 m
a.s.l). This platform will allow LAGO collaboration to share data, and computer
resources through its different sites. This environment has the possibility to
generate synthetic data by simulating the showers through AIRES application and
to store/preserve distributed data files collected by the WCD at the LAGO
sites. The present article concerns the implementation of a prototype of
LAGO-DR adapting DSpace, with a hierarchical structure (i.e. country,
institution, followed by collections that contain the metadata and data files),
for the captured/simulated data. This structure was generated by using the
community, sub-community, collection, item model; available at the DSpace
software. Each member institution-country of the project has the appropriate
permissions on the system to publish information (descriptive metadata and
associated data files). The platform can also associate multiple files to each
item of data (data from the instruments, graphics, postprocessed-data, etc.).Comment: Second EELA-2 Conference Choroni, Venezuela, November 25th to 27th
200
Modular Hydraulic Propulsion: A Robot that Moves by Routing Fluid Through Itself
This paper introduces the concept of Modular
Hydraulic Propulsion, in which a modular robot that operates
in a fluid environment moves by routing the fluid through
itself. The robot’s modules represent sections of a hydraulics
network. Each module can move fluid between any of its
faces. The modules (network sections) can be rearranged
into arbitrary topologies. We propose a decentralized motion
controller, which does not require modules to communicate,
compute, nor store information during run-time. We use 3-D
simulations to compare the performance of this controller to
that of a centralized controller with full knowledge of the task.
We also detail the design and fabrication of six 2-D prototype
modules, which float in a water tank. Results of systematic
experiments show that the decentralized controller, despite its
simplicity, reliably steers modular robots towards a light source.
Modular Hydraulic Propulsion could offer new solutions to
problems requiring reconfigurable systems to move precisely
in 3-D, such as inspection of pipes, vascular systems or other
confined spaces
- …