The Vehicle, Fall 2009

Table of Contents Poetry AliveRashelle McNairpage 3 Train of ThoughtsJeanette Saribekianpage 4 Biding the TideMarlee Lutzpage 5 Rotten HarvestJessyca Revillapage 15 Nostalgia ODJustine Fittonpage 16 Beyond WordsAshley Wrightpage 26 Don\u27tMelinda Knightpage 27 Happy HourStephen Garciapage 35 UntitledDaniel Paquinpage 37 Vibrant SensationsAshton Tembypage 38 Scarecrow Sally on a Saturday NightDaniel Davispage 45 The FarmAshley Wrightpage 49 Anything ButJustine Fittonpage 51 CrashDanielle Shirtinopage 53 Weathering SatisfactionRashelle McNairpage 54 SeminarDaniel Davispage 71 Nature\u27s Mood SwingsJeanette Saribekianpage 72 The PerformanceMelinda Knightpage 68 AmaterasuMarlee Lutzpage 82 Prose AirLauren Davidsonpage 6 The Twang of OrangesJ.T. Dawsonpage 18 ListenStephani Pescitellipage 29 The Rise and Fall of NickNickolas Alexanderpage 30 LossSimyona Deanovapage 39 Like DiamondsMark Rheaumepage 42 Moral FixationBryan Rolfsenpage 47 Reflections in College AlgebraNicole Reichertpage 52 LeashDaniel Paquinpage 56 I Lost My KeysJustine Fittonpage 75 A Third Grade EssayMark Rheaumepage 69 Be Careful, They BiteDaniel Davispage 84 Art Limb BurgAlycia Rockeycover AvesSamantha Flowerspage 14 Life-LuminescenceStephani Pescitellipage 25 MonopolyMegan Mathypage 28 Carousel NostalgiaAlycia Rockeypage 36 ShoesSarah Olsonpage 41 Waimea BayJarrod Taylorpage 50 Peacock Plumage Alycia Rockeypage 55 Building a HouseStephani Pescitellipage 70 ShellMegan Mathypage 74 From the VacationSamantha Flowerspage 73 Chicago CanopyAlycia Rockeypage 83 Features Editor\u27s NoteLindsey Durbinpage 1 LazarusDr. David Radavichpage 2 James K. Johnson Creative Writing Awardpage 88 Winning Entries (Poetry)Matthew J. Schumakepage 89 Winning Entry (Nonfiction)Jennifer O\u27Neilpage 92 Interview, 2009 Chapbook WinnerDaniel Davispage 95 Contributorspage 99https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1090/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Fall 2009

Table of Contents Poetry AliveRashelle McNairpage 3 Train of ThoughtsJeanette Saribekianpage 4 Biding the TideMarlee Lutzpage 5 Rotten HarvestJessyca Revillapage 15 Nostalgia ODJustine Fittonpage 16 Beyond WordsAshley Wrightpage 26 Don\u27tMelinda Knightpage 27 Happy HourStephen Garciapage 35 UntitledDaniel Paquinpage 37 Vibrant SensationsAshton Tembypage 38 Scarecrow Sally on a Saturday NightDaniel Davispage 45 The FarmAshley Wrightpage 49 Anything ButJustine Fittonpage 51 CrashDanielle Shirtinopage 53 Weathering SatisfactionRashelle McNairpage 54 SeminarDaniel Davispage 71 Nature\u27s Mood SwingsJeanette Saribekianpage 72 The PerformanceMelinda Knightpage 68 AmaterasuMarlee Lutzpage 82 Prose AirLauren Davidsonpage 6 The Twang of OrangesJ.T. Dawsonpage 18 ListenStephani Pescitellipage 29 The Rise and Fall of NickNickolas Alexanderpage 30 LossSimyona Deanovapage 39 Like DiamondsMark Rheaumepage 42 Moral FixationBryan Rolfsenpage 47 Reflections in College AlgebraNicole Reichertpage 52 LeashDaniel Paquinpage 56 I Lost My KeysJustine Fittonpage 75 A Third Grade EssayMark Rheaumepage 69 Be Careful, They BiteDaniel Davispage 84 Art Limb BurgAlycia Rockeycover AvesSamantha Flowerspage 14 Life-LuminescenceStephani Pescitellipage 25 MonopolyMegan Mathypage 28 Carousel NostalgiaAlycia Rockeypage 36 ShoesSarah Olsonpage 41 Waimea BayJarrod Taylorpage 50 Peacock Plumage Alycia Rockeypage 55 Building a HouseStephani Pescitellipage 70 ShellMegan Mathypage 74 From the VacationSamantha Flowerspage 73 Chicago CanopyAlycia Rockeypage 83 Features Editor\u27s NoteLindsey Durbinpage 1 LazarusDr. David Radavichpage 2 James K. Johnson Creative Writing Awardpage 88 Winning Entries (Poetry)Matthew J. Schumakepage 89 Winning Entry (Nonfiction)Jennifer O\u27Neilpage 92 Interview, 2009 Chapbook WinnerDaniel Davispage 95 Contributorspage 99https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1090/thumbnail.jp

Psychological benefits of weight loss following behavioural and/or dietary weight loss interventions. A systematic research review

It is generally accepted that weight loss has significant physiological benefits, such as reduced risk of diabetes, lowered blood pressure and blood lipid levels. However, few behavioural and dietary interventions have investigated psychological benefit as the primary outcome. Hence, systematic review methodology was adopted to evaluate the psychological outcomes of weight loss following participation in a behavioural and/or dietary weight loss intervention in overweight/obese populations. 36 Studies were selected for inclusion and were reviewed. Changes in self-esteem, depressive symptoms, body image and health related quality of life (HRQoL) were evaluated and discussed. Where possible, effect sizes to indicate the magnitude of change pre- to post- intervention were calculated using Hedges’ g standardised mean difference. The results demonstrated consistent improvements in psychological outcomes concurrent with and sometimes without weight loss. Improvements in body image and HRQoL (especially vitality) were closely related to changes in weight. Calculated effect sizes varied considerably and reflected the heterogeneous nature of the studies included in the review. Although the quality of the studies reviewed was generally acceptable, only 9 out of 36 studies included a suitable control/comparison group and the content, duration of intervention and measures used to assess psychological outcomes varied considerably. Further research is required to improve the quality of studies assessing the benefits of weight loss to fully elucidate the relationship between weight loss and psychological outcomes.The Kellogg Company, The Kellogg Building, Talbot Road, Manchester M16 0PU, U

Global phylogeography and ancient evolution of the widespread human gut virus crAssphage

Microbiomes are vast communities of microorganisms and viruses that populate all natural ecosystems. Viruses have been considered to be the most variable component of microbiomes, as supported by virome surveys and examples of high genomic mosaicism. However, recent evidence suggests that the human gut virome is remarkably stable compared with that of other environments. Here, we investigate the origin, evolution and epidemiology of crAssphage, a widespread human gut virus. Through a global collaboration, we obtained DNA sequences of crAssphage from more than one-third of the world's countries and showed that the phylogeography of crAssphage is locally clustered within countries, cities and individuals. We also found fully colinear crAssphage-like genomes in both Old-World and New-World primates, suggesting that the association of crAssphage with primates may be millions of years old. Finally, by exploiting a large cohort of more than 1,000 individuals, we tested whether crAssphage is associated with bacterial taxonomic groups of the gut microbiome, diverse human health parameters and a wide range of dietary factors. We identified strong correlations with different clades of bacteria that are related to Bacteroidetes and weak associations with several diet categories, but no significant association with health or disease. We conclude that crAssphage is a benign cosmopolitan virus that may have coevolved with the human lineage and is an integral part of the normal human gut virome

Global phylogeography and ancient evolution of the widespread human gut virus crAssphage

Microbiomes are vast communities of microorganisms and viruses that populate all natural ecosystems. Viruses have been considered to be the most variable component of microbiomes, as supported by virome surveys and examples of high genomic mosaicism. However, recent evidence suggests that the human gut virome is remarkably stable compared with that of other environments. Here, we investigate the origin, evolution and epidemiology of crAssphage, a widespread human gut virus. Through a global collaboration, we obtained DNA sequences of crAssphage from more than one-third of the world’s countries and showed that the phylogeography of crAssphage is locally clustered within countries, cities and individuals. We also found fully colinear crAssphage-like genomes in both Old-World and New-World primates, suggesting that the association of crAssphage with primates may be millions of years old. Finally, by exploiting a large cohort of more than 1,000 individuals, we tested whether crAssphage is associated with bacterial taxonomic groups of the gut microbiome, diverse human health parameters and a wide range of dietary factors. We identified strong correlations with different clades of bacteria that are related to Bacteroidetes and weak associations with several diet categories, but no significant association with health or disease. We conclude that crAssphage is a benign cosmopolitan virus that may have coevolved with the human lineage and is an integral part of the normal human gut virome

Noah Josey

Photograph shows head and shoulders studio portrait of Noah Josey, son of Joseph Josey, wearing uniform when he was a cadet at Texas A&M College (University)