"Soggetto umano - Soggetto giuridico". II diritto nella prospettiva ontologico-esistenziale di Sergio Cotta.

La reflexion sobre el pensamiento de Sergio Cotta se expone teniendo como texto-guia Soggetto umano - Soggetto giuridico (Giuffre, Milano 1997), obra en la que definia, exactamente diez afios antes de su fallecimiento, las lineas de su pensamiento en torno al hombre y al derecho costruidas en sus anos de docencia romana. El pensamiento de Cotta se perfila, en primer lugar, a traves de dos lineas fundamentales: la del historicismo hegeliano y la logica dialectica, sobre el piano filosofico; y la de Kelsen sobre el piano de la teoria del derecho. En segundo lugar, a traves de la recepcion de los materiales epistemicos ofrecidos por las filosofias y las investigaciones empiricas del novecientos; desde la fenomenologia a la antropologia y a la logica, hasta el psicoandlisis y la fonologia. Montanari muestra como Cotta llega a construir su tesis filosdfica fundamental: la "giuridicita intrinseca del vivere umano", entendida como perspectiva capaz de dotar de significado prdctico a la existencia humana en cuanto strutturalmente relazionale. En particular, es el ligamen entre la fenomenologia y las investigaciones antropologicas, lo que permite a Cotta determinar los "invarianti" o "residui" (en sentido precisamente fenomenologico) que connotan el existir en el mundo del hombre y que se especifican, existencialmente, en dos necesidades fundamentales: "esser se stesso e non esser solo". Tales necesidades individuan la condicion que el derecho debe respetar para no violar la universalidad del ser sujeto humano. Sobre el alcance fdosofico de esta ultima tesis se centra la parte conclusiva del texto, en la que el autor da paso a un didlogo ideal con su maestro. Las reflexiones sobre el concepto de finitezza, propuesto por Cotta, y sobre el, en parte diverso, de finitudine, titilizado por Montanari, subrayan en particular el valor di una linea tedrica radicada en la hermeneutica del dato existencial. El "problema" de la dimensidn finita del ser humano es asi comprendido como limite racional y conscientemente abierto a lo infinito

MicroRNA Milk Exosomes: From Cellular Regulator to Genomic Marker

Recent advances in ruminants\u2019 milk\u2010derived exosomes (EXO) have indicated a role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cell\u2010to\u2010cell communication in dairy ruminants. The miRNAs EXO retain peculiar mechanisms of uptake from recipient cells, which enables the selective delivery of cargos, with a specific regulation of target genes. Although many studies have been published on the miRNAs contained in milk, less information is available on the role of miRNAs EXO, which are considered stable over time and resistant to digestion and milk processing. Several miRNAs EXO have been implicated in the cellular signaling pathway, as in the regulation of immune response. Moreover, they exert epigenetic control, as extenuating the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1. However, the study of miRNAs EXO is still challenging due to the difficulty of isolating EXO. In fact, there are not agreed protocols, and different methods, often time\u2010consuming, are used, making it difficult to routinely process a large number of samples. The regulation of cell functions in mammary glands by miRNAs EXO, and their applications as genomic markers in livestock, is presented

Monocyte-macrophage differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cell lines by small molecules identified through interrogation of the Connectivity Map database

The transcription factor C/EBPα is required for granulocytic differentiation of normal myeloid progenitors and is frequently inactivated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Ectopic expression of C/EBPα in AML cells suppresses proliferation and induces differentiation suggesting that restoring C/EBPα expression/activity in AML cells could be therapeutically useful. Unfortunately, current approaches of gene or protein delivery in leukemic cells are unsatisfactory. However, "drug repurposing" is becoming a very attractive strategy to identify potential new uses for existing drugs. In this study, we assessed the biological effects of candidate C/EBPα-mimetics identified by interrogation of the Connectivity Map database. We found that amantadine, an antiviral and anti-Parkinson agent, induced a monocyte-macrophage-like differentiation of HL60, U937, Kasumi-1 myeloid leukemia cell lines, as indicated by morphology and differentiation antigen expression, when used in combination with suboptimal concentration of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or Vit D3. The effect of amantadine depends, in part, on increased activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), since it induced VDR expression and amantadine-dependent monocyte-macrophage differentiation of HL60 cells was blocked by expression of dominant-negative VDR. These results reveal a new function for amantadine and support the concept that screening of the Connectivity Map database can identify small molecules that mimic the effect of transcription factors required for myelo-monocytic differentiation

Brightest group galaxies-II : the relative contribution of BGGs to the total baryon content of groups at z <1.3

We performed a detailed study of the evolution of the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass of the brightest group galaxies (BGGs) and their relative contribution to the total baryon budget within $R_{200}$ ($f^{BGG}_{b,200}$). The sample comprises 407 BGGs selected from X-ray galaxy groups ($M_{200}=10^{12.8}-10^{14} \;M_{\odot}$) out to $z\sim1.3$ identified in the COSMOS, XMM-LSS, and AEGIS fields. We find that BGGs constitute two distinct populations of quiescent and star-forming galaxies and their mean SFR is $\sim2$ dex higher than the median SFR at $z 2$ dex. The mean (median) of stellar mass of BGGs has grown by $0.3$ dex since $z=1.3$ to the present day. We show that up to $\sim45\%$ of the stellar mass growth in a star-forming BGG can be due to its star-formation activity. With respect to $f^{BGG}_{b,200}$, we find it to increase with decreasing redshift by $\sim0.35$ dex while decreasing with halo mass in a redshift dependent manner. We show that the slope of the relation between $f^{BGG}_{b,200}$ and halo mass increases negatively with decreasing redshift. This trend is driven by an insufficient star-formation in BGGs, compared to the halo growth rate. We separately show the BGGs with the 20\% highest $f^{BGG}_{b,200}$ are generally non-star-forming galaxies and grow in mass by processes not related to star formation (e.g., dry mergers and tidal striping). We present the $M_\star-M_h$ and $M_\star/M_h-M_h$ relations and compare them with semi-analytic model predictions and a number of results from the literature. We quantify the intrinsic scatter in stellar mass of BGGs at fixed halo mass ($\sigma_{log M_{\star}}$) and find that $\sigma_{log M_{\star}}$ increases from 0.3 dex at $z\sim0.2$ to 0.5 dex at $z\sim1.0$ due to the bimodal distribution of stellar mass

Bortezomib Plus Dexamethasone Followed by Escalating Donor Lymphocyte Infusions for Patients with Multiple Myeloma Relapsing or Progressing after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract Multiple myeloma relapsing after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) has a poor outcome. To assess the safety and efficacy of bortezomib and dexamethasone (VD) combination followed by donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) in myeloma patients relapsing or progressing after alloSCT, a prospective phase II study was designed. The treatment plan consisted of three VD courses followed by escalated doses of DLIs in case of response or at least stable disease. Nineteen patients were enrolled with a median age of 57 years (range, 33 to 67); 14 patients were allografted from human leukocyte antigen–identical siblings and 5 from alternative donors. Sixteen of 19 patients received the planned treatment, but 3 patients did not: 2 patients because of disease progression and 1 refused. After the VD phase the response rate was 62%, with 1 complete remission, 6 very good partial remissions, 5 partial remissions, 2 patients with stable disease, and 5 with progressive disease. After the DLI phase, the response rate was 68%, but a significant upgrade of response was observed: 3 stringent complete remissions, 2 complete remissions, 5 very good partial remissions, 1 partial remission, 4 with stable disease, and 1 with progressive disease. With a median follow-up of 40 months (range, 29 to 68), the 3-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 31% and 73%, respectively. Neither unexpected organ toxicities, in particular severe neuropathy, nor severe acute graft-versus-host disease flares were observed. VD-DLIs is a safe treatment for multiple myeloma patients relapsing or progressing after alloSCT and may be effective

Management and Clinical Aspects of Burned Patients Affected by SARS-COV2

At the end of January 2020, SARS-CoV-2 started escalating worldwide. COVID-19 can exert its effects on immunity, inflammation, and multi-organ system disease, common denominators with the burn injury. The pandemic required major efforts to Burn centres in order to preserve burn patients’ care and contribute to the health care response. In our Burn Unit we autonomously developed a protocol for patients acceptance and surveillance of the hospitalized ones and the personnel. We briefly describe our experience with six cases of burn patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 highlighting the overlap between medical treatment of burn patients and COVID-19 patients. To avoid viral spreading epidemiologic control is essential, especially preventive measures such as isolation of infected patients and identification of the source of infection. In our surgical practice, we increased the use of enzymatic debridement avoiding procedures with a high risk of viral particles spreading. Personnel protection and dedicated pathways have been planned, optimizing air circulation and disinfection. Vaccines represent the best hope for the global population to stop the viral spread, despite new variants outbreaks

Charged particle decay of hot and rotating 88^{88}Mo nuclei in fusion-evaporation reactions

A study of fusion-evaporation and (partly) fusion-fission channels for the $^{88}$Mo compound nucleus, produced at different excitation energies in the reaction $^{48}$Ti + $^{40}$Ca at 300, 450 and 600 MeV beam energies, is presented. Fusion-evaporation and fusion-fission cross sections have been extracted and compared with the existing systematics. Experimental data concerning light charged particles have been compared with the prediction of the statistical model in its implementation in the Gemini++ code, well suited even for high spin systems, in order to tune the main model parameters in a mass region not abundantly covered by exclusive experimental data. Multiplicities for light charged particles emitted in fusion evaporation events are also presented. Some discrepancies with respect to the prediction of the statistical model have been found for forward emitted $\alpha$-particles; they may be due both to pre-equilibrium emission and to reaction channels (such as Deep Inelastic Collisions, QuasiFission/QuasiFusion) different from the compound nucleus formation.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figure