ARE em âmbito escolar: problemas e possíveis soluções

Neste artigo pretendemos analisar a temática da lecionação das Atividades Rítmicas e Expressivas (ARE) nas aulas de Educação Física (EF). No contexto atual da EF, muitos professores não abordam esta matéria nas suas aulas por um vasto leque de motivos. Após a aplicação dos questionários, verificámos que dos 33 professores inquiridos, 17 lecionam ARE nas aulas de EF, apresentando como principais limitações a motivação dos alunos e a dificuldade em operacionalizar os conteúdos do PNEF, adaptando-os ao nível de aprendizagem dos alunos. Já quanto aos professores que não lecionam esta matéria nas suas aulas, 14 dos inquiridos apresentam como principais motivos a formação insuficiente e a falta de bases na relação música-movimento. Dos 159 alunos inquiridos, 97 referem já ter abordado ARE em aulas de EF e 62 alunos afirmam nunca terem tido esta experiência. Os que tiveram essa experiência afirmam terem sentido vergonha a dançar e os que nunca tiveram referem, na sua maioria, que não gostariam de ter. Para este último resultado, apresentam como motivos o terem pouco à vontade em dançar com os colegas e o facto de considerarem que não é uma matéria de ensino interessante.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Actividades educativas para a conservação da avifauna: um contributo para a educação ambiental no parque urbano de Viana do Castelo

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência do Ambiente - Área de Especialização em EnsinoCom este trabalho pretendeu-se investigar o resultado da participação de alunos do oitavo ano de escolaridade numa actividade prática de campo (APC), relacionada com a identificação e conservação de aves e sobre as possíveis actividades a realizar no futuro parque urbano de Viana do Castelo. Paralelamente a este estudo, realizou-se um estudo secundário com o intuito de se averiguar as concepções de alguns elementos da população Vianense sobre a importância de um parque urbano e sobre possíveis actividades a explorar nesse parque. A investigação realizada com os alunos desenvolveu-se em cinco fases: a) na primeira e segunda fases realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a identificação e conservação de aves e sobre o trabalho de campo; b) na terceira fase planificou-se uma visita de campo à zona onde irá ser construído o futuro parque; c) na quarta fase elaborou-se um guião que serviu de apoio à visita de campo; d) na quinta e última fase procedeu-se à testagem da visita de estudo e do respectivo guião. Nesta última fase, os alunos realizaram os questionários pré e pós-teste e um questionário de apreciação da APC. O estudo realizado com a população vianense desenvolveu-se em três fases: a) na primeira fase elaborou-se o questionário a aplicar à população; b) na segunda fase aplicou-se o questionário à população; c) na terceira fase trataram-se e discutiram-se os resultados obtidos. O estudo realizado com os alunos classifica-se, como pré-experimental (Tuckman, 2002) ou quasi-experimental (MacMillan & Schumacher, 1997) do grupo único, com pré e pós-teste. O estudo com uma amostra da população de Viana do Castelo constitui- -se como uma pequena sondagem. Os resultados dos questionários pré e pós-teste permitem afirmar que há uma evolução nas respostas apresentadas pelos alunos, nomeadamente nas questões directamente relacionadas com as actividades mais exploradas durante a visita, como é o caso da anilhagem e da identificação de aves. Em relação às temáticas que exigiam uma análise mais cuidada nas aulas pós-visita e que, por falta de tempo, não receberam a atenção necessária, a participação na visita demonstrou-se menos relevante. Os resultados da aplicação destes questionários, permitem-nos concluir que os alunos possuem grandes dificuldades em aplicar os conhecimentos teóricos adquiridos a situações práticas, o que fortalece a necessidade de se realizarem em maior número actividades este tipo. Por seu lado, os resultados obtidos na validação do guião da visita permitem concluir que as respostas tendem a ser mais satisfatórias quando as questões focam aspectos que os alunos têm possibilidade de observar in situ e quando se estabelece uma relação com o currículo estudado durante as aulas. Os resultados obtidos nas questões relacionadas com a anilhagem de aves foram bastante satisfatórios o que leva a concluir que esta técnica pode ser muito cativante e educativa para os alunos. Considera-se que o local onde irá ser construído o futuro Parque Urbano de Viana do Castelo possui um elevado potencial para o desenvolvimento de actividades educativas relacionadas com a temática da identificação e conservação de aves. O guião elaborado é exequível e poderá servir de base a posteriores visitas ao parque, na medida em que possui um variado conjunto de actividades que aproveitam as potencialidades do parque, que permitem uma participação activa dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e uma interacção constante com o meio natural, contribuindo para aprendizagens mais duradoiras e significativas. Relativamente, aos resultados obtidos através do questionário aplicado a alguns elementos da população de Viana do Castelo, conclui-se que o parque urbano já não é unicamente visto como um local de descanso, lazer e diversão, mas que também lhe é associado um papel educativo.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the results from the participation of 13- year old students in a field work relating to bird identification and preservation and to determine on possible activities to carry out in the future Viana do Castelo Urban Park. Simultaneously to this study, a secondary one was undertaken to inquire into the concepts of some elements of the population of Viana do Castelo concerning an urban park and possible activities to explore in this park. The investigation carried through with the students was developed in five phases: a) in the first and second phases, a bibliographical revision was made on bird identification and preservation and on field work, b) in the third phase, a field trip was planned to the zone where the future park will be constructed; c) in the fourth phase an guide was elaborated to support the field work; d) in the fifth and last phase, the field work and its guide were both evaluated. During this last phase, the students answered pre and post-test questionnaires and a questionnaire of appreciation of the field work. The study carried out with the population of Viana do Castelo was developed in three phases: a) in the first phase, a questionnaire was elaborated to apply to the population; b) in the second phase the questionnaire was applied to the population; c) in the third, the obtained results were treated and discussed. The study conducted by the students is classified as pre-experimental single group (Tuckman, 2002) or quasi-experimental single group (MacMillan & Schumacher, 1997), with pre and post-test. The study on a sample part of Viana do Castelo population constitutes as a small survey. The results of the pre and post-test questionnaires allow us to affirm that there is an evolution in the answers presented by the students, mainly in the questions directly related with the most explored activities during the visit, as it is the case of the ringing and the identification of birds. The participation in the visit was demonstrated less relevant in relation to the topics that asked for a more developed analysis during the after-visit lessons as, because of lack of time, those topics didn’t receive the necessary attention. The results of the application of these questionnaires allow us to conclude that the students have great difficulties in applying the theoretical knowledge acquired into practical situations, which strengthens the need of undertaking a bigger number of this kind of activities. On the other hand, the results obtained from the validation of the visit guide empower the conclusion that the answers tend to be more satisfactory when the questions focus on aspects that the students have possibility to observe in situ and when a relation to the curriculum studied during the lessons is established. The results obtained in the questions related to the ringing of birds were sufficiently satisfactory, what leads to the conclusion that this technique can be captivating and educative for the students. The place where the future Viana do Castelo Urban Park will be constructed is considered to possess a high potential for the development of educational activities related with the theme of bird identification and preservation. The elaborated guide is executable and can be used as base to subsequent visits to the park, as it possesses a broad set of different activities which primarily take advantage of the potentialities of the park and secondly lead the students to an active participation in the teachinglearning process. Furthermore those activities lead to a permanent interaction with the natural environment, therefore contributing to more significant and everlasting learning experiences. As to the results obtained through the applied questionnaire to some elements of Viana do Castelo population, we may conclude that the urban park will no longer be regarded as a sheer leisure and resting place because an educational role is already associated with it

1D and 2D modeling and simulation of radial combustion propagation on Fe 2O 3/Al thermite systems

In previous works, a one-dimensional model was built to simulate the nonsteady radial combustion propagation on thin disk-shaped samples of Fe2O3/aluminum thermite mixtures and was successfully tested. Now, the purpose is to extend the referred model to the more sensible two-dimensional features of the samples, maintaining the main characteristics of the previous model: zero-order kinetics, conductive/radiative heat transfer, assumption of phase transitions, temperature and composition dependency for all system properties during propagation. Therefore, an adaptive numerical algorithm that conjugates a method of lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences space discretizations, with a collocation scheme based on increasing level dyadic grids is applied for the solution of the problem. The particular integration method proves to cope satisfactorily with the steep traveling thermal wave in 1D and 2D spatial domains, either for trivial uniform mixing conditions, as in complex examples developed to feature more sophisticated circumstances, such as nonhomogeneous reactant mixing, which realistically replicate the observed experimental conditions

Modeling and simulation of radial combustion propagation of Fe2O3/Al thermite systems

In previous works, a one-dimensional model was built to simulate the non-steady radial combustion propagation on thin disk shaped samples of Fe2O3/Aluminum thermite mixtures and was successfully tested. Now, the purpose is to extend the referred model to the more sensible two-dimensional features of the samples, maintaining the main characteristics of the previous model: zero order kinetics, conductive/radiative heat transfer, assumption of phase transitions, temperature and composition variation of all system properties during propagation. Therefore, an adaptive numerical algorithm that conjugates a Method of Lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences space discretizations, with a collocation scheme based on increasing level dyadic grids is applied for the solution of the problem. The model validation implies the comparison of numerical results with available experimental data obtained in similar conditions. Thus, the particular integration method proves to cope satisfactorily with the steep travelling thermal wave in 1D and 2D spatial domain supports, either for trivial uniform mixing conditions, as in complex examples developed to feature more sophisticated circumstances, such as non-homogeneous reactant mixing, and selective pseudo-random directional flame extinction, which realistically replicate the observed experimental phenomena

Celebration of the 5th Centenary of Fernão de Magalhães's circumnavigation voyage

In this article we intend to demonstrate the importance of the circumnavigation voyage for the advancement of science and technology in the 16th century, the research and innovation projects carried out within the scope of the 5th Centenary celebrations, project the “Magalhães feat in the future, as pillars of a new international agenda” and to compare the globalization produced at the time of the Discoveries with globalization as a modern phenomenon that emerged with the evolution of the new means of communication.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes produced at 12ºC either in pure culture or in co-culture with Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed reduced susceptibility to sanitizers

Available at B-onThe biofilm-forming ability of 21 Listeria monocytogenes isolates, previously pulsotyped and corresponding to 16 strains, from different origins was evaluated using the Calgary Biofilm DeviceR , at 37 ◦C. Biofilms of 4 selected strains were also produced either on pure cultures or on co-cultures with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1), at 12 ◦C and at 37 ◦C. For these biofilms, the minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of 4 commercial dairy sanitizers (1 alkyl amine acetate based—T99, 2 chlorine based—T66 and DD, and 1 phosphoric acid based—BP) were determined. Listeria monocytogenes biofilms grown, either at 37 ◦C or 12 ◦C, were able to achieve similar cell densities by using different incubation periods (24 h and 7 d, respectively). In co-culture biofilms, P. aeruginosa was the dominant species, either at 37 ◦C or at 12 ◦C, representing 99% of a total biofilm population of 6 to 7 log CFU/peg. Co-culture biofilms were generally less susceptible than L. monocytogenes pure cultures. More interestingly, the biofilms produced at 12 ◦C were usually less susceptible to the sanitizers than when produced at 37 ◦C. Single or co-culture biofilms of L. monocytogenes and PAO1, particularly produced at 12 ◦C, retrieved MBEC values for agents T99 and BP that were, at times, above the maximum in-use recommended concentrations for these agents. The results presented here reinforce the importance of the temperature used for biofilm formation, when susceptibility to sanitizers is being assesse

Hybrid financing instruments for social purpose organizations

In the last decade, Social Purpose Organisations (SPOs) have been developing and adapting innovative business models to achieve their mission. However, these new and sometimes complex business models have financing needs that don’t match conventional financing instruments. So, there has been a growing need to develop alternative financing instruments and mechanisms to meet these new business models’ needs. In the growing field of Impact Finance, innovative funders have been experimenting with novel financing instruments that combine elements of grant, debt and equity in a way that responds to the financing needs of the Social Purpose Organisations and is closer to achieving the best possible alignment of risk, return and impact for the investors. These combinations are called hybrid financing instruments. However, there is a lack of systematic learning from the use of these instruments and there’s still a confusing nomenclature. At the same time, there isn’t a clear application context for these hybrid instruments in terms of the scenarios and the conditions that call for their use as effective financing mechanisms that generate virtuous incentives for the different parties of a financing transaction. In this thesis we intend to analyse specific hybrid financing instruments used in practice and identify the ideal conditions for the application of each one, regarding Social Purpose Organisations’ specific business models and life-cycle stages. Thus, we intend to develop a mapping of hybrid financing instruments focused on a single investor and a single financing contract, that will allow the commitment of traditional lenders, corporate partners, foundations and other stakeholders to the development of solid, professional and financially sustainable organisations. For each hybrid financing instrument analysed we will draw learnings from specific applications and discuss its most relevant uses

Análise metagenómica do microbioma da saliva de pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica

Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e CelularMicrobiome is a community of microorganisms living in a particular environment that englobes all microorganisms with their genes and environmental interactions. The human microbiome plays a pivotal role in human physiology and metabolism being associated to development, nutrition, immunity, and resistance to pathogens and has recognized implications for health and disease. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a pulmonary disease characterized by persistent and progressive and nonreversible airflow obstruction. The role of bacteria as a potential pathogenic and etiologic factor in COPD has been a topic of debate for many years. It is thought that lung colonization by particular bacterial strains, in patients with COPD, is responsible for the chronic bronchitis phenotype, increased risk of exacerbations, and loss of lung function. Even though saliva is one of the most easily collectable samples, few studies have been conducted to characterize the saliva microbiome in patients with COPD and even fewer to identify biomarkers that might be informative for disease onset and progression. The aim of this study was to implement the methodology to study the saliva microbiome in patients suffering with COPD, to understand the dynamics of saliva microbiome in the setting of an exacerbation and how the microbiome evolve after that. For that a metagenomic approach was carried out, using the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, to analyze 17 samples from 7 patients with COPD, collected at 3 different time points, i.e. at exacerbation, 2 weeks after exacerbation, and at clinical full recovery. In this study, we found microbial shifts in the samples collected at different time points. We also detected high sample variability, especially between samples collected from different individuals. These results suggest that saliva might me a good source of biomarkers for COPD management and may represent an improvement to the implementation of personalized medicine in this population. However, more and larger studies must be conducted.Microbioma é definido como sendo uma comunidade de microrganismos presente num dado ambiente, que engloba todos os microorganismos com seus genes e interações ambientais. O microbioma humano desempenha um papel importante na fisiologia humana e no seu metabolismo, estando associado ao desenvolvimento, nutrição, imunidade e resistência a agentes patogénicos com implicações na saúde e doença. A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC) é uma doença pulmonar caracterizada por uma obstrução das vias aéreas persistente progressiva e não reversível. O papel das bactérias como potencial fator patogénico e etiológico na DPOC tem sido tema de debate nos últimos anos. Pensa-se que a colonização dos pulmões por determinadas bactérias, em pacientes com DPOC, é responsável pelo aumento do risco de exacerbações e perda de função pulmonar. Embora a saliva seja uma das amostras mais facilmente recolhida, são ainda poucos os estudos para caracterizar o microbioma da saliva em pacientes com DPOC, e ainda menos para identificar nele biomarcadores informativos sobre o diagnóstico e progressão desta doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi implementar a metodologia que permita estudar o microbioma da saliva em pacientes com DPOC, compreender a dinâmica do microbioma da saliva no contexto de uma exacerbação e como o microbioma evolui depois disso. Para isso, utilizou-se uma abordagem metagenómica utilizando a sequenciação do gene 16S rRNA, para analisar 17 amostras de 7 pacientes com DPOC, recolhidas em 3 momentos diferentes, i.e. em exacerbação, 2 semanas após a exacerbação e após recuperação clínica. Neste estudo foram encontradas e serão descritas diferenças na composição microbiana das amostras colhidas em tempos diferentes. Verificou-se também uma grande variabilidade nos resultados, com grandes diferenças entre as amostras colhidas de diferentes pacientes. Estes resultados sugerem que a saliva pode ser uma boa fonte de biomarcadores para a DPOC e poderá representar um avanço para a implementação da medicina personalizada nesta população. No entanto mais estudos com amostras alargadas são ainda necessários. Contudo, mais estudos deverão ser realizados

Improving ergonomic conditions and productivity: a case study in a PVD coating production area

Introduction: Due to demographic variation, fewer young workers are available and the overall number of workers will decrease. The length of absenteeism, especially due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), increases with higher age (Müglich et al., 2015). According to Neumann and Dul (2010), if effectively applied in the design of operation systems, Human Factors can improve system performance while reducing health hazards for employees. The aim of this work is to evaluate “How productivity is affected after the implementation of ergonomics improvements?” The case study takes place in a PVD coating production area, where workers’ complaints due to shoulder pains were rising considerably. These complaints come mainly from the processes of loading and unloading pieces from the suspension, before and after the product entering the PVD machine, respectively. This is a repetitive job and involves two awkward postures: flexion of the arms above 60º (from now on “arms up”) about 30% of the time and the difficulty to move manually a full suspension of 6kg, on average, from the machine carpet to a table every 3 minutes and vice-versa depending if it is an unloading or a loading process

Profiles of elemental concentrations in human: contribution of X-ray fluorescence to discrimination between healthy and diseased tissues and prediction of alterations in tongue carcinoma

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio