Uso de suplementos alimentares em praticantes de artes marciais em uma academia em Fortaleza-CE

Nos últimos anos as pessoas têm despertado para a necessidade de uma vida com mais qualidade, que é frequentemente buscada através de alimentação equilibrada aliada a exercícios físicos. Este aspecto vem crescendo tanto entre aqueles que antes só se preocupavam com a estética, quanto nos grupos que teve maior preocupação em relação à saúde. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo promover uma avaliação sobre o uso de suplementos alimentares por praticantes de artes marciais. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de natureza descritiva e quantitativa com abordagem exploratória. Tendo sido utilizado como ferramenta de coleta de dados um questionário com perguntas objetivas contendo identificação, arte marcial e uso de suplementação. O público-alvo são alunos praticantes de Jiu Jiutsu e Muay Thai em uma academia localizada em Fortaleza-CE. Constatou-se, por meio deste estudo, que menos da metade dos participantes da pesquisa recorrem a profissionais qualificados para receberem a indicação do uso de suplementos alimentares. E que por esta razão podem acabar seguindo uma recomendação errada, tendo em vista que cada organismo é diferente, bem como os treinos e as dietas. Portanto, é ressaltado que somente um profissional qualificado, por meio de avaliação e exames, pode indicar o melhor suplemento e suas quantidades, bem como advertir o usuário sobre os possíveis riscos, preparando-o para um uso consciente do produto

Uso de suplementos alimentares em praticantes de artes marciais em uma academia em Fortaleza-CE

In recent years people have been awakening to the need for a higher quality life, which is often sought through balanced diet combined with physical exercise. This aspect has been growing both among those who previously only concerned themselves with aesthetics, and among the groups that had the greatest concern regarding health. Given this, the present study aimed to promote an assessment of the use of dietary supplements by practitioners of martial arts. Therefore, a descriptive and quantitative study with exploratory approach was performed. Having been used as a data collection tool a questionnaire with objective questions containing identification, martial art and use of supplementation. The target audience are practicing students of Jiu Jiutsu and Muay Thai at a gym located in Fortaleza-CE. It was found from this study that less than half of the survey participants use qualified professionals to receive the indication of the use of dietary supplements. And for this reason they may end up following a wrong recommendation, as each body is different, as well as training and diets. Therefore, it is emphasized that only a qualified professional, through evaluation and examinations, can indicate the best supplement and its quantities, as well as warn the user about possible risks, preparing him for conscious use of the product.Nos últimos anos as pessoas têm despertado para a necessidade de uma vida com mais qualidade, que é frequentemente buscada através de alimentação equilibrada aliada a exercícios físicos. Este aspecto vem crescendo tanto entre aqueles que antes só se preocupavam com a estética, quanto nos grupos que teve maior preocupação em relação à saúde. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo promover uma avaliação sobre o uso de suplementos alimentares por praticantes de artes marciais. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de natureza descritiva e quantitativa com abordagem exploratória. Tendo sido utilizado como ferramenta de coleta de dados um questionário com perguntas objetivas contendo identificação, arte marcial e uso de suplementação. O público-alvo são alunos praticantes de Jiu Jiutsu e Muay Thai em uma academia localizada em Fortaleza-CE. Constatou-se, por meio deste estudo, que menos da metade dos participantes da pesquisa recorrem a profissionais qualificados para receberem a indicação do uso de suplementos alimentares. E que por esta razão podem acabar seguindo uma recomendação errada, tendo em vista que cada organismo é diferente, bem como os treinos e as dietas. Portanto, é ressaltado que somente um profissional qualificado, por meio de avaliação e exames, pode indicar o melhor suplemento e suas quantidades, bem como advertir o usuário sobre os possíveis riscos, preparando-o para um uso consciente do produto

A CRIAÇÃO DO TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL: Um meio para efetivar a proteção dos Direitos Humanos em âmbito internacional

No atual contexto mundial, verificam-se conflitos  que  transgridem Direitos Humanos, originados de diversos  motivos, desde questões  de  credo religioso  até o terrorismo. Independente das motivações, a maior vítima acaba sendo o próprio homem,  que  tem seus direitos extirpados.  Da preocupação em estabelecer uma justiça criminal, surge o Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI), trazendo per se a função de  realizar julgamentos justos  e  imparciais. A sua existência  se  configura  em  um importante marco para que se possa efetivar a proteção dos Direitos do Homem em âmbito mundial, pois visa punir aqueles que cometem os crimes previstos no Estatuto de Roma. O presente trabalho visa explanar acerca dos aspectos mais importantes do referido Tribunal, iniciando pelos seus antecedentes e chegando à sua criação. Passado esse momento, argumenta-se no sentido do seu caráter protecionista dos Direitos Humano

Estado nutricional e alterações gastrointestinais em pacientes vivendo com HIV/AIDS atendidos no ambulatório de um hospital de doenças infecciosas / Nutritional status and gastrointestinal changes in patients living with HIV/AIDS attended at the outlet of an infectious disease hospital

A infecção pelo vírus HIV afeta primeiramente o trato gastrointestinal seu principal local de replicação, causando alterações na mucosa podendo levar ao definhamento do estado nutricional. A importância do estado nutricional e da integridade do trato gastrointestinal, possui impactos positivos na qualidade de vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o estado nutricional e alterações gastrointestinais em pacientes vivendo com HIV atendidos no ambulatório de nutrição de um hospital de referência de doenças infecciosas de Fortaleza, Ceará. Estudo transversal e quantitativo, que avaliou o estado nutricional e sintomas gastrointestinais de 93 pacientes vivendo com HIV em tratamento, de ambos os sexos com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, através dos dados antropométricos IMC, dobra cutânea tricipital, circunferência do braço e circunferência muscular do braço; e alterações gastrointestinais (náuseas, vômitos, diarreia, distensão abdominal, gases e dor abdominal). Prevalência de homens (83,9%); a maioria se apresentaram eutróficos (50,5%) segundo IMC, porém a desnutrição é perceptível pelos dados antropométricos: circunferência do braço (48,4% apresentando desnutrição), dobra cutânea tricipital (61,3% com perda massa magra) e circunferência muscular do braço (44,1% com perda de tecido muscular); em relação aos sintomas gastrointestinais: distensão abdominal (38,7%), presença de gases (34,4%) e dores abdominais (30,1%) são frequentes. Conclui-se que no ambiente ambulatorial os pacientes com HIV, apresentam-se em sua maioria eutróficos pelo IMC, porém é percebido depleção de gordura subcutânea, perda de massa magra e presença de sintomas gastrointestinais consideráveis

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost