Ionic liquids as phase transfer catalysts: enhancing the biphasic extractive epoxidation reaction for the selective synthesis of β-O-glycosides

Ionic liquids promoted the direct epoxidation of glycals acting as PTC. 1,2-anhydrosugars were prepared by the oxidation of glycals under biphasic conditions with dimethydioxirane generated in situ from oxone/acetone and amphiphilic IL’s as catalysts. β-O-glycosides were synthesized in good yields by the nucleophilic ring opening of epoxy carbohydrate derivatives. Also, 3,4,6-benzyl protected carbohydrates and β-N-glycosides could be prepare by this method.Laboratorio de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánico

Refractory Thrombocytopenia Responds to Octreotide Treatment in a Case of Evans Syndrome with Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor

A 37-year-old woman with history of Evans Syndrome with poor response to high-dose corticoid treatment presented to the emergency department with gastrointestinal and vaginal bleeding. The patient was later diagnosed with severe thrombocytopenia and a stage G1, well-differentiated gastric neuroendocrine tumor, confirmed by a biopsy. A total gastrectomy was performed to eradicate the tumor. After being treated with a total splenectomy for her Evans Syndrome with no clinical or laboratory improvement, she began regular treatment with octreotide on the basis of a possible hepatic metastasis. Days after the initiation of the octreotide, an increase in the platelet count was evidenced by laboratory findings, from 2,000 platelets/mm3 to 109,000 platelets/mm3 . Weeks later, the hepatic metastasis is discarded by a negative octreotide-body scan, and the octreotide treatment was interrupted. Immediately after the drug interruption, a progressive and evident descent in the platelet count was evidenced (4000 platelets/mm3 ). The present case report highlights the possible association between octreotide treatment and a severe thrombocytopenia resistant to conventional treatment.Revisión por pare

Early Risk Factors for Obesity in the First 1000 Days-Relationship with Body Fat and BMI at 2 Years

Background: Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat. Several early developmental factors have been identified which are associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity and increased adiposity in childhood. The primary objective of the present study is to analyse the effect of various early risk factors on Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage at 2 years of age. (2) Methods: A prospective cohort study design was used, with the sample consisting of 109 mother-child pairs from whom data were collected between early pregnancy and 2 years old. Adiposity was determined based on skinfold measurements using the Brooks and Siri formulae. Mean comparison tests (Student's t-test and ANOVAs) and multiple linear regression models were used to analyse the relationship between early programming factors and dependent variables. (3) Results: Maternal excess weight during early pregnancy (beta = 0.203, p = 0.026), gestational smoking (beta = 0.192, p = 0.036), and accelerated weight gain in the first 2 years (beta = - 0.269, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with high body fat percentage. Pre-pregnancy BMI and accelerated weight gain in the first 2 years were associated with high BMI z-score (beta = 0.174, p = 0.047 and beta = 0.417, p = 0.000 respectively). The cumulative effect of these variables resulted in high values compared to the baseline zero-factor group, with significant differences in BMI z-score (F = 8.640, p = 0.000) and body fat percentage (F = 5.402, p = 0.002) when three factors were present. (4) Conclusions: The presence of several early risk factors related to obesity in infancy was significantly associated with higher BMI z-score and body fat percentage at 2 years of age. The presence of more than one of these variables was also associated with higher adiposity at 2 years of age. Early prevention strategies should address as many of these factors as possible.This study was supported by public funds, the ITI call (integrated territorial investment), developed by the Health Department of the Andalusian Government. The project has been 80% co-financed by funds from the FEDER operational program of Andalusia 2014-2020. Documen

Interventions in the first 1000 days to prevent childhood obesity: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis

Background: Childhood obesity poses a global health challenge. In recent years, there has been an increase in interventions that begin in pregnancy, putting the concept of early programming and early risk factors into practice. The present study aims to update the findings regarding interventions in the first 1000 days of life. Methods: A systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines was carried out in PubMed, WoS, Scopus and CINAHL to obtain the articles to be analysed. We included those studies published between 2016 and 2021. Human interventions that started within the first 1000 days of life and acted on at least one programming factor were included. Once selected, coding and quantitative content analysis was carried out to obtain a profile of the interventions during the first 1000 days. Results: From all screened articles, 51 unique interventions, which met the selection criteria, were included. The majority of interventions (81%) took place in high-income areas. Almost all (86%) were targeted at the general population. The majority (54%) started in the second trimester of pregnancy. A clear majority (61%) ended at the time of birth. 44% of the interventions included all pregnant women. Only 48% of these interventions were focused on improving the nutritional status of the offspring in the short term. Most interventions collected the baby's weight at birth (68%). Conclusions: It can be concluded that current interventions are not covering as many aspects as they should. Future research should be conducted more frequently in developing countries and target disadvantaged groups. These interventions should include all pregnant women, regardless of their nutritional status, aiming to cover as many programming factors as possible and extending through the first 1000 days of life, with body mass index or skinfolds as measures of effectiveness during this period.11 página

Gestión investigativo laboral para estudiantes de la carrera de medicina en el consultorio. Estudio preliminar / Working investigative management for medical students at the medical office: a preliminary study

Con el objetivo de identificar las tendencias existentes acerca de cómo se dirige el PDE de los estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina de todos los años, a nivel del Consultorio Médico en su componente investigativo laboral, se realizó el presente trabajo utilizando métodos teóricos y empíricos de la investigación, donde empleando el análisis de 2 preguntas en un grupo focal organizado, al respecto, se muestran un número de limitaciones que hacen que la gestión de este proceso sea insuficiente a este nivel, no lográndose la necesaria planificación, organización, regulación y control del proceso, lo cual repercute en la adquisición de las habilidades necesarias por los educandos. Palabras clave: recursos humanos en salud, educación médica, consultorios médicos, investigación. ABSTRACT The present work is aimed at identifying the present trends about how to manage the PDE in medical students at medical office using theoretical and empirical methods for the research using the analysis of 2 questions in a group designed for this purpose . Some limitations as planning, organizations and the control of the process are shown which obstruct the management of this process with some grade of repercussion on the necessary skills for the students.Key words: health manpower, medical education, physicians' offices, research

Accesibilidad de un módulo educativo en línea sobre salud sexual para adolescentes latinos/as

Project Cuídalos aimed to test the efficacy of a web-based intervention aiming to increase communication on sexual health topics between parents and adolescents in the Puerto Rican population. To achieve this goal, we implemented a longitudinal experimental design which examined whether the intervention would impact communication about sexuality between the participants (N=1,320). Parents completed a web-based interactive module in recruitment centers throughout Puerto Rico. Afterwards, parents could revisit the web-based workshop on their own. The process of accessing the workshop proved to be challenging. To explore why, we expanded our design and incorporated a qualitative component that included semistructured telephone interviews to 23 randomly selected participants. After transcribing the interviews, we conducted a content analysis from which six thematic categories emerged: 1) perceived impact of the module in the parent-adolescent relationship, 2) communication between research team and parents, 3) platform to access the module, 4) assistance to complete the module, 5) remote access to the module, and 6) changes to the module for future implementations. Our findings will allow us to refine our intervention and offer recommendations to similar efforts using the Internet to increase their impactEl Proyecto Cuídalos tuvo como objetivo examinar la eficacia de un módulo en línea para aumentar la comunicación sobre salud sexual entre padres/madres y adolescentes puertorriqueños/as. Para lograr este objetivo implantamos un diseño experimental longitudinal que examinó si la intervención desarrollada impactaría la comunicación sobre sexualidad entre los/as participantes (N=1,320). Los/as padres/madres participantes accedieron al módulo al visitar los centros de reclutamiento. A pesar de ser un módulo accesible por internet, el proceso de implementación no estuvo libre de retos. Para explorar estos desafíos, ampliamos nuestro diseño e incorporamos un componente cualitativo que incluyó entrevistas semiestructuradas por teléfono a 23 participantes escogidos aleatoriamente. Durante las entrevistas, indagamos en las razones por las cuales tuvieron dificultades para acceder remotamente al módulo. Del análisis de contenido emanaron seis categorías temáticas: 1) percepción de impacto del módulo en relación padre/madre y adolescente, 2) comunicación entre el equipo de investigación y los/as padres/madres, 3) plataforma para acceso al módulo, 4) asistencia para completar el módulo, 5) acceso al módulo a distancia, y 6) cambios al módulo para futuras implementaciones. Los hallazgos nos permitirán refinar la intervención y ofrecer recomendaciones a esfuerzos similares que usen internet para aumentar su impacto

Gestión investigativo laboral para estudiantes de la carrera de medicina en el consultorio. Estudio preliminar / Working investigative management for medical students at the medical office: a preliminary study

Con el objetivo de identificar las tendencias existentes acerca de cómo se dirige el PDE de los estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina de todos los años, a nivel del Consultorio Médico en su componente investigativo laboral, se realizó el presente trabajo utilizando métodos teóricos y empíricos de la investigación, donde empleando el análisis de 2 preguntas en un grupo focal organizado, al respecto, se muestran un número de limitaciones que hacen que la gestión de este proceso sea insuficiente a este nivel, no lográndose la necesaria planificación, organización, regulación y control del proceso, lo cual repercute en la adquisición de las habilidades necesarias por los educandos. Palabras clave: recursos humanos en salud, educación médica, consultorios médicos, investigación. ABSTRACT The present work is aimed at identifying the present trends about how to manage the PDE in medical students at medical office using theoretical and empirical methods for the research using the analysis of 2 questions in a group designed for this purpose . Some limitations as planning, organizations and the control of the process are shown which obstruct the management of this process with some grade of repercussion on the necessary skills for the students.Key words: health manpower, medical education, physicians' offices, research

MEIS1, PREP1, and PBX4 Are Differentially Expressed in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Association of MEIS1 Expression with Higher Proliferation and Chemotherapy Resistance

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Three-amino acid-loop-extension (<it>TALE</it>) superfamily of homeodomain-containing transcription factors have been implicated in normal hematopoiesis and in leukemogenesis and are important survival, differentiation, and apoptosis pathway modulators. In this work, we determined the expression levels of <it>TALE </it>genes in leukemic-derived cell lines, in blood samples of patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in the blood samples of healthy donors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we show increased expression of <it>MEIS1, MEIS2, </it>and <it>PREP1 </it>genes in leukemia-derived cell lines compared with blood normal cells. High levels of <it>MEIS1 </it>and <it>PREP1</it>, and low levels of <it>PBX4 </it>expression were also founded in samples of patients with ALL. Importantly, silencing of <it>MEIS1 </it>decreases the proliferation of leukemia-derived cells but increases their survival after etoposide treatment. Etoposide-induced apoptosis induces down-regulation of MEIS1 expression or <it>PREP1 </it>up-regulation in chemotherapy-resistant cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results indicate that up-regulation of <it>MEIS1 </it>is important for sustaining proliferation of leukemic cells and that down-regulation of <it>MEIS1 </it>or up-regulation of <it>PREP1 </it>and <it>PBX </it>genes could be implicated in the modulation of the cellular response to chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis.</p

Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination in Health Care Workers of a Large Tertiary Hospital in Spain by Using a Rapid Test LFIC and sVNT-ELISA

The presence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 represent a surrogate marker of immunologic protection in populations at high risk of infection such as healthcare workers caring for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. As recommended by CDC and the European CDC, the use of rapid diagnostic tests during population-based evaluations offers an opportunity to identify individuals with serologic evidence of natural infection or who have undergone vaccination. We carried out a cross-sectional study to assess the presence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among medical providers at an intensive care unit of a large referral hospital in Alicante, Spain. In addition, we tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies compared to serum of uninfected individuals from a Biobank. We were also interested in evaluating the use of a rapid lateral flow immunochromatography (LFIC) test against a surrogate ELISA viral neutralization test (sVNT). This rapid test demonstrated a specificity of 1.000 95% CI (0.91–1.00) and the sensitivity of 0.987 95% CI (0.93–1.00). The negative predictive value was 95%. After six months, this rapid test demonstrated that those immunized with two doses of BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine, maintained optimal levels of neutralizing antibodies. We concluded that all Health Care Workers develop NAbs and the use of this rapid immunochromatographic test represents a potential tool to be used in population-based studies to detect serological antibody responses to vaccination. Vaccination policies could benefit from this tool to assess additional doses of vaccine or boosters among high-risk populations.This work was supported by an advisory contract from the University of Alicante with reference WENZHOU-OJABIO1-21T and no one reports personal fees received from the biotech company

Sub-barrier fusion of 6He with 206Pb

Cross-sections for the production of 210Po nuclei in 6He + 206Pb collisions over the incident energy range 14–18MeV were measured by means of the activation technique and a radiochemical analysis. The elastic scattering at 18.0MeV was also measured providing a precise value for the 210Po production cross-section at this energy. The results are at variance with the earlier experimental data and rather in accord with the predictions of a density-dependent barrier penetration model for the fusion process. A proper treatment of beam energy distribution for the evaluation of the activation data is discussed