DCMF: DC & Microformats, a good marriage

This report introduces the Dublin Core Microformats (DCMF) project, a new way to use the DC element set within X/HTML. The DC microformats encode explicit semantic expressions in an X/HTML webpage, by using a specific list of terms for values of the attributes “rev” and “rel” for and elements, and “class” and “id” of other elements. Microformats can be easily processed by user agents and software, enabling a high level of interoperability. These characteristics are crucial for the growing number of social applications allowing users to participate in the Web 2.0 environment as information creators and consumers. This report reviews the origins of microformats; illustrates the coding of DC microformats using the Dublin Core Metadata Gen tool, and a Firefox extension for extraction and visualization; and discusses the benefits of creating Web services utilizing DC microformats

Difference-frequency generation with quantum-limited efficiency in triply-resonant nonlinear cavities

We present a comprehensive study of second-order nonlinear difference frequency generation in triply resonant cavities using a theoretical framework based on coupled-mode theory. We show that optimal quantum-limited conversion efficiency can be achieved at any pump power when the powers at the pump and idler frequencies satisfy a critical relationship. We demonstrate the existence of a broad parameter range in which all triply-resonant DFG processes exhibit monostable conversion. We also demonstrate the existence of a geometry-dependent bistable region.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Maritime Spatial Planning INSPIRE data model

Poster para CongresoThe Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) INSPIRE data model concept has been developing from 2014, applying Infrastructure for spatial information in Europe Directive 2007/2/EC (INSPIRE) data management concepts for marine planning, through the Marine Pilot project (EC Joint Research Centre 2014-2016) and continuing with the PLASMAR project (INTERREG–V 2017-2020). The results and findings delivered have been published in the paper “Maritime spatial planning supported by infrastructure for spatial information in Europe (INSPIRE)” (Abramic et al., 2018). Currently, there are difficulties in harmonising products, visions, maps and frameworks of maritime spatial plans delivered by countries sharing the same marine (sub)region. This is mainly due to the fact that maritime plans do not use a common symbology and data structure to describe maritime activities. A solution for this issue is to apply on a marine spatial plans, INSPIRE standards for data sets, layers and portrayals. The MarSP project was a perfect opportunity to finalise conceptual data model development and, what is more important, to test results applying it on the real use cases, developed in the Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira, Canaries) MSP process. Initially, the INSPIRE data model for terrestrial planning (Planned Land Use, Figure 1) was tested to see if it could be applied for MSP. Tests pointed out that the terrestrial data model is robust, and can map MSP’s, but it tends to lose detail and specific information on marine uses. To be applied for MSP, the Planned Land Use data model needs to be adapted for planning of the maritime activities in the marine space. Conceptual model was analyzed, adapted, applying data modeling techniques, adjusting for MSP requirements: 1. Developed conceptual MSP data model, extending Planned Land use, using Unified Model Language (Figure 2); 2. Extending spatial scope of the data model - from two-dimensional land planning to the three dimensions planning. Extended structure includes maritime activities within the sea surface, water column, seabed and subsoil, when land model consists mainly of land surface planning; 3. Developed specific maritime uses classification (including register), extending Hierarchical INSPIRE Land Use classification (HILUCS); 4. Developed MSP data model templates, using simplified and feature complex spatial data architectures. Different type of codification templates, for advanced, standard and rookie GIS users (gml, GeoPackage, Shapfile, available at Canaries MSP platform); 5. Styled Layer Descriptor (color & simbology layout) for MSP, based on International Hydrographic Organization standards. 6. Data specification document v1.0 for Maritime Spatial Planning INSPIRE data model MarSP 2nd capacity building workshop was a great opportunity to test MSP data model results. Participants were trained on how to apply MSP data model on selected use case (Madeira MSP draft), during the “hands on” session, discussing potential issues and technical solutions.MarS

Efficient Terahertz Generation in Triply Resonant Nonlinear Photonic Crystal Microcavities

We propose a scheme for efficient cavity-enhanced nonlinear THz generation via difference-frequency generation (DFG) processes using a triply resonant system based on photonic crystal cavities. We show that high nonlinear overlap can be achieved by coupling a THz cavity to a doubly-resonant, dual-polarization near-infrared (e.g. telecom band) photonic-crystal nanobeam cavity, allowing the mixing of three mutually orthogonal fundamental cavity modes through a chi(2) nonlinearity. We demonstrate through coupled-mode theory that complete depletion of the pump frequency - i.e., quantum-limited conversion - is possible in an experimentally feasible geometry, with the operating output power at the point of optimal total conversion efficiency adjustable by varying the mode quality (Q) factors.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Doble activación de cementos BYF (belita-ye’elemita-ferrita) y su efecto en pastas y morteros

Los eco-cementos tipo BYF se postulan como una alternativa a los PC (Cementos Portland) por su menor demanda de caliza. Estos están principalmente constituidos por tres fases: Belita (-C2S o -Ca2SiO4), Ye’elemita (C4A3S o Ca4Al6O12(SO4)) y Ferrita (C4AF o Ca2AlFeO5), de ahí sus siglas. Sin embargo, el problema principal de estos cementos son las bajas resistencias mecánicas a edades tempranas, debido a la baja reactividad de la belita a esas edades. Una manera de abordar esta problemática, consiste en activar la belita para tener fases más reactivas, como las formas alfa. Otra manera de activar estos materiales, es mediante el uso de aditivos (aceleradores) cuya finalidad es aumentar la velocidad de algunas reacciones de hidratación de estos cementos optimizando el ensamblaje de fases. Concretamente, en este trabajo se han estudiado dos familias de cementos BYF sintetizados en el laboratorio: estándar (con -C2S) y activado (con α’H-C2S o α’H-Ca2SiO4), denominados st-BYF y B-BYF, respectivamente. En la segunda familia, la fase α’H-C2S se estabilizó por la adición del B2O3 (en forma de bórax) en el proceso de clinkerización. Ambos cementos se prepararon mediante la adición de 10 %p de anhidrita al clínker molturado. Posteriormente, se abordó el estudio del efecto de la relación agua/cemento y de varios aditivos comerciales, como son: B2O3, CaCl2, TIPA (triisopropanolamina) y Master X-Seed (nano C-S-H), sobre la hidratación de las pastas y las prestaciones a edades tempranas. Las pastas se han caracterizado a través de su comportamiento reológico, difracción de rayos-X (laboratorio y sincrotrón), calorimetría y análisis térmico. Estos resultados se discutirán y relacionarán con las resistencias mecánicas de los morteros correspondientes.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

A white dwarf cooling age of 8 Gyr for NGC 6791 from physical separation processes

NGC 6791 is a well studied open cluster1 that it is so close to us that can be imaged down to very faint luminosities. The main sequence turn-off age (~8 Gyr) and the age derived from the termination of the white dwarf cooling sequence (~6 Gyr) are significantly different. One possible explanation is that as white dwarfs cool, one of the ashes of helium burning, 22Ne, sinks in the deep interior of these stars. At lower temperatures, white dwarfs are expected to crystallise and phase separation of the main constituents of the core of a typical white dwarf, 12C and 16O, is expected to occur. This sequence of events is expected to introduce significant delays in the cooling times, but has not hitherto been proven. Here we report that, as theoretically anticipated, physical separation processes occur in the cores of white dwarfs, solving the age discrepancy for NGC 6791.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, published in Natur

Arquitecturas que hablan. Las resonancias del contexto en los espacios arquitectónicos

México enfrenta una severa crisis en materia de derechos humanos, caracterizada por numerosos casos de ejecuciones extrajudiciales y por la práctica sistemática y generalizada de la desaparición forzada y la tortura, entre otros tipos de violaciones que ocurren en un marco de prácticamente absoluta impunidad. La ausencia de responsabilidad individual penal y del castigo correspondiente para los perpetradores establece y fortalece un contexto institucional en el que el delito y las violaciones a los derechos humanos se reproducen sin ningún tipo de contrapeso, incentivando su repetición sistemática. Mediante el análisis detallado de una serie de casos, este informe ofrece evidencia que muestra que la impunidad en materia de violación a los derechos humanos suele ser resultado de una serie de acciones realizadas con el fin explícito de garantizar que no haya castigo o sanción para los responsables, lo que en este trabajo de investigación orientada a la incidencia se presenta como “impunidad activa”. Asimismo, identifica distintos mecanismos concretos mediante los cuales esta impunidad se produce. La constatación de la impunidad no accidental o instrumental–estratégica lleva a los autores de este informe a argumentar a favor del establecimiento en México de algún esquema de supervisión internacional de la justicia, que contribuya a romper el ciclo de la impunidad en el país. Para ello, se revisa con detalle un conjunto de experiencias de este tipo, puestas en práctica recientemente tanto en México como en otros países de América Latina, retomando de ellas lecciones y buenas prácticas. Para concluir, se hace un recuento de sus principales argumentos y plantea recomendaciones concretas, encaminadas a la instrumentación en el país de un mecanismo internacional de supervisión de la justicia.ITESO, A.C

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO