Impact de l'introduction des solutions hydro-alcooliques sur l'incidence des septicémies et pneumopathies nosocomiales dans une unité de soins intensifs et de réanimation néonatale

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Evaluation de la prise en charge thérapeutique pré-hospitalière des enfants hospitalisés pour une crise d'asthme

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

SImuler les MoBilités Pour une Agglomération Durable. Rapport final du projet Simbad

Le Laboratoire d’Economie des Transports, en lien avec l’Agence d’Urbanisme de Lyon, a développé un axe de recherche consacré au développement du modèle prospectif SIMBAD (Simuler les MoBilités pour une Agglomération Durable). Conçu à l’échelle du bassin de vie d’une agglomération (les enjeux de la croissance urbaine dépassent largement le cadre des centres-villes), son application a été développée sur le territoire de l’aire urbaine de Lyon (Carte 1). Il veut rendre compte des dimensions environnementales, économiques et sociales des trafics qui s’y réalisent. Ainsi différentes politiques de transport et d’urbanisme peuvent être simulées de manière à envisager leurs conséquences sur ces 3 axes du développement durable et à mieux prendre en compte les liens qui existent entre ces derniers. Par ailleurs, l’idée est de développer un outil d’aide à la réflexion plus qu’un outil d’évaluation des projets. L’approche est donc de type stratégique, permettant de rendre compte des impacts de politiques contrastées à l’échelle de l’agglomération plus que de projets particuliers à une échelle fine

Homozygous Deletion in the Coding Sequence of the c-mer Gene in RCS Rats Unravels General Mechanisms of Physiological Cell Adhesion and Apoptosis

International audienceThe RCS rat presents an autosomal recessive retinal pigment epithelium dystrophy characterized by the outer segments of photoreceptors being phagocytosis-deficient. A systematic genetic study allowed us to restrict the interval containing the rdy locus to that between the markers D3Mit13 and D3Rat256. We report the chromosomal localization of the rat c-mer gene in the cytogenetic bands 3q35-36, based on genetic analysis and radiation hybrid mapping. Using a systematic biocomputing analysis, we identified two strong related candidate genes encoding protein tyrosine kinase receptors of the AXL subfamily. The comparison of their expression patterns in human and mice tissues suggested that the c-mer gene was the best gene to screen for mutations. RCS rdy؊ and RCS rdy؉ cDNAs were sequenced. The RCS rdy؊ cDNAs carried a significant deletion in the 5 part of the coding sequence of the c-mer gene resulting in a shortened aberrant transcript encoding a 20 amino acid peptide. The c-mer gene contains characteristic motifs of neural cell adhesion. A ligand of the c-mer receptor, Gas6, exhibits antiapoptotic properties

High-resolution analysis of submarine lobes deposits: Seismic-scale outcrops of the Lauzanier area (SE Alps, France)

International audienceThe Lauzanier area represents the northernmost extension of the Annot Sandstone series and contains deposits between 650 and 900 m-thick. This basin was active from upper Bartonian or lower Priabonian to early Rupelian. It is composed of two superposed units separated by a major unconformity. The sediment supply is due to channelled flows coming from the south. Flow processes include mass flow to turbidity currents. The size of the particles and the absence of fine-grained sediment suggest a transport over a short distance. The Lower Unit is made of coarse-grained tabular beds interpreted as non-channelled lobe deposits. The Upper Unit is made of massive conglomerates interpreted as the channelled part of lobes. These lobe deposits settle in a tectonically confined basin according to topographic compensation that occurs from bed scale to unit scale. The abrupt progradation between the lower and the upper unit seems related to a major tectonic uplift in the area. This uplift is also suggested by a change in the petrographic nature of the source and an abrupt coarsening of the transported clasts. This field example allows providing high resolution analysis for depositional sedimentary sequences of terminal lobe deposits in a coarse-grained turbidite system. The outcrop analysis shows the lateral evolution of deposits and the system progradation allows a longitudinal analysis of facies evolution by superposing on the same outcrops the channelled lobe system and the non-channelled lobe system. These results of high-resolution outcrop analysis can be extrapolated to results obtained on sedimentary lobes in recent deep-sea turbidite system that are either restricted to cores, or with a lesser resolution (seismic)

Metabolic and cardiovascular adaptations to an 8-wk lifestyle weight loss intervention in younger and older obese men

International audienceThe number of older obese adults is increasing worldwide. Whether obese adults show similar health benefits in response to lifestyle interventions at different ages is unknown. The study enrolled 25 obese men (body mass index: 31-39 kg/m2) in two arms according to age (30-40 and 60-70 yr old). Participants underwent an 8-wk intervention with moderate calorie restriction (∼20% below individual energy requirements) and supervised endurance training resulting in ∼5% weight loss. Body composition was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity was assessed during a hypersinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Cardiometabolic profile was derived from blood parameters. Subcutaneous fat and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were used for ex vivo analyses. Two-way repeated-measure ANOVA and linear mixed models were used to evaluate the response to lifestyle intervention and comparison between the two groups. Fat mass was decreased and bone mass was preserved in the two groups after intervention. Muscle mass decreased significantly in older obese men. Cardiovascular risk (Framingham risk score, plasma triglyceride, and cholesterol) and insulin sensitivity were greatly improved to a similar extent in the two age groups after intervention. Changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle transcriptomes were marginal. Analysis of the differential response to the lifestyle intervention showed tenuous differences between age groups. These data suggest that lifestyle intervention combining calorie restriction and exercise shows similar beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk and insulin sensitivity in younger and older obese men. However, attention must be paid to potential loss of muscle mass in response to weight loss in older obese men.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Rise in obesity and aging worldwide are major trends of critical importance in public health. This study addresses a current challenge in obesity management. Do older obese adults respond differently to a lifestyle intervention composed of moderate calorie restriction and supervised physical activity than younger ones? The main conclusion of the study is that older and younger obese men similarly benefit from the intervention in terms of cardiometabolic risk

Factors Associated with Asthma Severity in Children: Data from the French COBRAPed Cohort

International audienc

Impact of the first wave of COVID-19 epidemy on the surgical management of sigmoid diverticular disease in France: National French retrospective study

International audienceObjective: To analyze the surgical management of sigmoid diverticular disease (SDD) before, during, and after the first containment rules (CR) for the first wave of COVID-19.Methods: From the French Surgical Association multicenter series, this study included all patients operated on between January 2018 and September 2021. Three groups were compared: A (before CR period: 01/01/18-03/16/20), B (CR period: 03/17/20-05/03/20), and C (post CR period: 05/04/20-09/30/21).Results: A total of 1965 patients (A n = 1517, B n = 52, C n = 396) were included. The A group had significantly more previous SDD compared to the two other groups (p = 0.007), especially complicated (p = 0.0004). The rate of peritonitis was significantly higher in the B (46.1%) and C (38.4%) groups compared to the A group (31.7%) (p = 0.034 and p = 0.014). As regards surgical treatment, Hartmann's procedure was more often performed in the B group (44.2%, vs A 25.5% and C 26.8%, p = 0.01). Mortality at 90 days was significantly higher in the B group (9.6%, vs A 4% and C 6.3%, p = 0.034). This difference was also significant between the A and B groups (p = 0.048), as well as between the A and C groups (p = 0.05). There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of postoperative morbidity.Conclusion: This study shows that the management of SDD was impacted by COVID-19 at CR, but also after and until September 2021, both on the initial clinical presentation and on postoperative mortality