6 research outputs found
Real-Time Monitoring of Cellular Cultures with Electrolyte-Gated Carbon Nanotube Transistors
Cell-based biosensors constitute a fundamental tool in biotechnology, and
their relevance has greatly increased in recent years as a result of a surging
demand for reduced animal testing and for high-throughput and cost-effective in
vitro screening platforms dedicated to environmental and biomedical
diagnostics, drug development and toxicology. In this context,
electrochemical/electronic cell-based biosensors represent a promising class of
devices that enable long-term and real-time monitoring of cell physiology in a
non-invasive and label-free fashion, with a remarkable potential for process
automation and parallelization. Common limitations of this class of devices at
large include the need for substrate surface modification strategies to ensure
cell adhesion and immobilization, limited compatibility with complementary
optical cell-probing techniques, and need for frequency-dependent measurements,
which rely on elaborated equivalent electrical circuit models for data analysis
and interpretation. We hereby demonstrate the monitoring of cell adhesion and
detachment through the time-dependent variations in the quasi-static
characteristic current curves of a highly stable electrolyte-gated transistor,
based on an optically transparent network of printable polymer-wrapped
semiconducting carbon-nanotubes
Do biomedical engineers dream of graphene sheets?
During the past few years, graphene has outstandingly emerged as a key nanomaterial for boosting the performance of commercial, industrial and scientific related technologies. The popularity of this novel nanomaterial in biomedical engineering is due to its excellent biological, electronic, optical and thermal properties that, as a whole, surpasses the features of commonly used biomaterials and consequently open a wide range of applications so far within the reach of science fiction. In this minireview, the potential of graphene and its based materials in the expanding biomedical field is highlighted with focus on groundbreaking diagnostic, monitoring and therapeutic strategies. Some of the major challenges related to the synthesis and safety of graphene-based materials are also briefly discussed because of their critical importance in bringing this class of carbon materials closer to the clinic.publishe
Towards a Chipless and Wireless Passive System for Real‐Time Encoding of the Bladder Volume
Neurogenic bladder and other lower urinary tract dysfunctions represent a significant health hazard and life‐quality impairment in individuals suffering from neurological disorders. A few implantable and wearable technologies have been proposed to partially recover bladder functionality, mostly based on resistive and capacitive strain gauges designed to be surgically placed inside the pelvic cavity. In this work, an alternative proof‐of‐concept device for monitoring the volumetric changes of the bladder is presented, where the sensing element is based on a capacitive linear encoder integrated with a passive wireless radio‐frequency resonator, which can be remotely interrogated. The sliding mechanism at the core of the proposed system allows a wide sensing range without stringent requirements on materials properties and overall device stability
Tattoo-Paper Transfer as a Versatile Platform for All-Printed Organic Edible Electronics
The use of natural or bioinspired materials to develop edible electronic devices is a potentially disruptive technology that can boost point-of-care testing. The technology exploits devices that can be safely ingested, along with pills or even food, and operated from within the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestible electronics can potentially target a significant number of biomedical applications, both as therapeutic and diagnostic tool, and this technology may also impact the food industry, by providing ingestible or food-compatible electronic tags that can "smart" track goods and monitor their quality along the distribution chain. Temporary tattoo-paper is hereby proposed as a simple and versatile platform for the integration of electronics onto food and pharmaceutical capsules. In particular, the fabrication of all-printed organic field-effect transistors on untreated commercial tattoo-paper, and their subsequent transfer and operation on edible substrates with a complex nonplanar geometry is demonstrated
Water-Gated n‑Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors for Complementary Integrated Circuits Operating in an Aqueous Environment
The
first demonstration of an n-type water-gated organic field-effect
transistor (WGOFET) is here reported, along with simple water-gated
complementary integrated circuits, in the form of inverting logic
gates. For the n-type WGOFET active layer, high-electron-affinity
organic semiconductors, including naphthalene diimide co-polymers
and a soluble fullerene derivative, have been compared, with the latter
enabling a high electric double layer capacitance in the range of
1 μF cm<sup>–2</sup> in full accumulation and a mobility–capacitance
product of 7 × 10<sup>–3</sup> μF/V s. Short-term
stability measurements indicate promising cycling robustness, despite
operating the device in an environment typically considered harsh,
especially for electron-transporting organic molecules. This work
paves the way toward advanced circuitry design for signal conditioning
and actuation in an aqueous environment and opens new perspectives
in the implementation of active bio-organic interfaces for biosensing
and neuromodulation