Retrospective and Prospective Study of the Evolution of APC Costs and Electronic Subscriptions for French Institutions

French Résultats principaux Coûts 2020 Dépenses d\u27abonnement aux périodiques électroniques en 2020: 87,5 M€ Coûts des APC en 2020: 30,1 M€ Coûts prédits sous l\u27hypothèse d\u27une évolution à l\u27identique des tendances observées: Dépenses d\u27abonnement aux périodiques électroniques en 2030: 97,5 M€ Coûts des APC en 2030: 50,6 M€ Coûts prédits dans un scenario d\u27accélération vers le gold OA: Coûts des APC en 2030: 68,7 M€ Coûts prédits dans un scenario de hausse du libre accès green et transition du libre accès hybride vers gold: Coûts des APC en 2030: 38,5 M€ Coûts prédits pour 90% d\u27articles d\u27auteurs correspondants affiliés en France dans des revues gold (plafond théorique): Coûts des APC en 2030: 168,7 M€ English Main Results Figures for 2020 Total expenditure on journal subscriptions in 2020 is 87,5 M€ Total cost of APCs in 2020 is 30,1 M€ Predictions in case of continuing trends: Total expenditure on journal subscriptions in 2030 is 97,5 M€ Total cost of APCs in 2030 is 50,6 M€ Prediction in case of an acceleration towards Gold OA: Total cost of APCs is 68,7 M€ Prediction in case of an increase of Green OA and a transition from Hybrid OA towards Gold: Total cost of APCs in 2030 is 38,5 M€ Prediction in hypothetical case where 90% of the articles with a France-based corresponding author are APC-paid (theoretical cost ceiling): Total cost of APCs in 2030 is 168,7 M

Coherent internal state transfer by three-photon STIRAP-like scheme for many-atom samples

A STIRAP-like scheme is proposed to exploit a three-photon resonance taking place in alkaline-earth-metal ions. This scheme is designed for state transfer between the two fine structure components of the metastable D-state which are two excited states that can serve as optical or THz qu-bit. The advantage of a coherent three-photon process compared to two-photon STIRAP lies in the possibility of exact cancellation of the first order Doppler shift which opens the way for an application to a sample composed of many ions. The transfer efficiency and its dependence with experimental parameters are analyzed by numerical simulations. This efficiency is shown to reach a fidelity as high as $(1-8.10^{-5})$ with realistic parameters. The scheme is also extended to the synthesis of a linear combination of three stable or metastable states.Comment: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (2013) a paraitr

Response analysis of a laminar premixed M-flame to flow perturbations using a linearized compressible Navier-Stokes solver

International audienceThe response of a laminar premixed methane-air flame subjected to flow perturbations around a steady state is examined experimentally and using a linearized compressible Navier-Stokes solver with a one-step chemistry mechanism to describe combustion. The unperturbed flame takes an M-shape stabilized both by a central bluff body and by the external rim of a cylindrical nozzle. This base flow is computed by a nonlinear direct simulation of the steady reacting flow, and the flame topology is shown to qualitatively correspond to experiments conducted under comparable conditions. The flame is then subjected to acoustic disturbances produced at different locations in the numerical domain, and its response is examined using the linearized solver. This linear numerical model then allows the componentwise investigation of the effects of flow disturbances on unsteady combustion and the feedback from the flame on the unsteady flow field. It is shown that a wrinkled reaction layer produces hydrodynamic disturbances in the fresh reactant flow field that superimpose on the acoustic field. This phenomenon, observed in several experiments, is fully interpreted here. The additional perturbations convected by the mean flow stem from the feedback of the perturbed flame sheet dynamics onto the flow field by a mechanism similar to that of a perturbed vortex sheet. The different regimes where this mechanism prevails are investigated by examining the phase and group velocities of flow disturbances along an axis oriented along the main direction of the flow in the fresh reactant flow field. It is shown that this mechanism dominates the low-frequency response of the wrinkled shape taken by the flame and, in particular, that it fully determines the dynamics of the flame tip from where the bulk of noise is radiated

Anisotropic Enhancement of Superconductivity in Heavy-Ion Irradiated KBa BiO3

International audienceWe have measured the specific heat, resistivity, and ac susceptibility of K; Ba BiO3 single crystals before and after introduction of either point or columnar defects by electron (EI) or heavy-ion irradiation (HII).While the magnetic field dependence of these properties remains mainly unaffected by EI, the irreversibility line and the location of the specific heat anomaly are both shifted up in temperature after HII. The shift is apparent only if the magnetic field is applied parallel to the ion tracks. For perpendicularly applied fields, both lines lie at the same field as in the pristine sample. These experiments call the nature of the vortex liquid state into question

Direct Transition from Bose Glass to Normal State in the (K,Ba)BiO3 Superconductor

International audienceThe introduction of columnar defects in K; Ba BiO3 single crystals shifts both the irreversibility and thermodynamic transition lines, respectively, deduced from ac susceptibility (and/or transport) and specific heat measurements, upwards. This shift can be attributed to the defect-induced decrease of the difference ( F) between the free energies in the superconducting and the normal states, assuming that the position of the superconducting transition is given by the condition j Fj kBT= 3. This criterion also perfectly reproduces the influence of the angle between the tracks and the external field. This result suggests that no vortex liquid phase exists in this system

Retrospective and prospective study of the evolution of APC costs and electronic subscriptions for French institutions

Le ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche publie une étude qui chiffre les coûts générés par les frais de publication (APC) pour les institutions de recherche françaises depuis 2013 et prédit l’évolution de ces coûts à l’horizon 2030. L’étude Retrospective and prospective study of the evolution of APC costs and electronic subscriptions for French institutions permet de chiffrer les coûts générés par le modèle de publication en accès ouvert reposant sur le paiement par les auteurs de frais de publication ou APC (article processing charges). (…

Poster Past and future article processing charges (APC) for French institutions

Le ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche publie une étude qui chiffre les coûts générés par les frais de publication (APC) pour les institutions de recherche françaises depuis 2013 et prédit l’évolution de ces coûts à l’horizon 2030

Facial width-to-height ratio relates to dominance style in the genus Macaca

Background. Physical, visual, chemical, and auditory cues signalling fighting ability have independently evolved in many animal taxa as a means to resolve conflicts without escalating to physical aggression. Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR, i.e., the relative width to height of the face) has been associated with dominance-related phenotypes both in humans and in other primates. In humans, faces with a larger fWHR are perceived as more aggressive. Methods. We examined fWHR variation among 11 species of the genus Macaca. Macaques have been grouped into four distinct categories, from despotic to tolerant, based on their female dominance style. Female dominance style is related to intra and inter-sexual competition in both males and females and the result of different evolutionary pressure across species. We used female dominance style as a proxy of intra-/inter-sexual competition to test the occurrence of correlated evolution between competitive regimes and dominance-related phenotypes. fWHR was calculated from 145 2D-photographs of male and female adult macaques. Results. We found no phylogenetic signal on the differences in fWHR across species in the two sexes. However, fWHR was greater, in females and males, in species characterised by despotic female dominance style than in tolerant species. Discussion. Our results suggest that dominance-related phenotypes are related to differences in competitive regimes and intensity of inter- and intra-sexual selection across species

Incidence and main factors associated with early unplanned hospital readmission among French medical inpatients aged 75 and over admitted through emergency units

Background: among elderly patients, readmission in the month following hospital discharge is a frequent occurrence which involves a risk of functional decline, particularly among frail subjects. While previous studies have identified risk factors of early readmission, geriatric syndromes, as markers of frailty have not been assessed as potential predictors. Objective: to evaluate the risk of early unplanned readmission, and to identify predictors in inpatients aged 75 and over, admitted to medical wards through emergency departments. Design: prospective multi-centre study. Setting: nine French hospitals. Subjects: one thousand three hundred and six medical inpatients, aged 75 and older admitted through emergency departments (SAFES cohort). Methods: using logistic regressions, factors associated with early unplanned re-hospitalisation (defined as first unplanned readmission in the thirty days after discharge) were identified using data from the first week of hospital index stay obtained by comprehensive geriatric assessment. Results: data from a thousand out of 1,306 inpatients were analysed. Early unplanned readmission occurred in 14.2% of inpatients and was not related with sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity burden or cognitive impairment. Pressure sores (OR=2.05, 95% CI = 1.0-3.9), poor overall condition (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.3-3.0), recent loss of ability for self-feeding (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.2-2.9), prior hospitalisation during the last 3 months (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5) were found to be risk factors, while sight disorders appeared as negatively associated (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3--0.8). Conclusions: markers of frailty (poor overall condition, pressure sores, prior hospitalisation) or severe disability (for self-feeding) were the most important predictors of early readmission among elderly medical inpatients. Early identification could facilitate preventive strategies in risk grou