A letter from Malevich to Semevsky about Kovalevskaya

acceptedVersio

Per Ardua Ad Astra : Personer og omstendigheter på Sofya Kovalevskayas vei til berømmelse

Master's thesis in Mathematics education (MA500)Dette er rapporten fra et historisk-biografisk prosjekt om Sofya Kovalevskaya, der noen russiske og polske arkivkilder om henne som er lite kjent fra før, er hentet frem, oversatt og drøftet. Disse nye kildene kaster nytt lys på flere sider ved hennes person og virksomhet. Oppgaven er stilt som den avsluttende delen av mastergradsstudiet i matematikkdidaktikk ved Universitetet i Agder. Jeg innleder med et kort beskrivelse av Londa Schiebingers fire tilnærminger til feministisk historiografi, som jeg har brukt som struktureringsredskaper for prosjektgjennomføringen. Deretter gir jeg en oversikt over Kovalevskayas levnetsløp, og beskriver kort de kildene jeg har benyttet. De påfølgende kapitlene er ordnet kronologisk, og mine nye kilderanalyserer jeg i forbindelse med den relevante perioden i Kovalevskayas liv. Jeg har kartlagt store deler av Kovalevskayas slektstre både på mors-og farssiden, uten å finne belegg for legendene om avstamning fra konger og sigøynere, men jeg har funnet norske aner som ikke er omtalt noe annet sted

The sine anecdote in Kovalevskaya’s memoirs

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Ethnic differences in maternal dietary patterns are largely explained by socioeconomic score and integration score: a population-based study

Background: The impact of socio-economic position and integration level on the observed ethnic differences in dietary habits has received little attention. Objectives: To identify and describe dietary patterns in a multi-ethnic population of pregnant women, to explore ethnic differences in odds ratio (OR) for belonging to a dietary pattern, when adjusted for socioeconomic status and integration level and to examine whether the dietary patterns were reflected in levels of biomarkers related to obesity and hyperglycaemia. Design: This cross-sectional study was a part of the STORK Groruddalen study. In total, 757 pregnant women, of whom 59% were of a non-Western origin, completed a food frequency questionnaire in gestational week 28 ± 2. Dietary patterns were extracted through cluster analysis using Ward’s method. Results: Four robust clusters were identified where cluster 4 was considered the healthier dietary pattern and cluster 1 the least healthy. All non-European women as compared to Europeans had higher OR for belonging to the unhealthier dietary patterns 1-3 vs. cluster 4. Women from the Middle East and Africa had the highest OR, 21.5 (95% CI 10.6-43.7), of falling into cluster 1 vs. 4 as compared to Europeans. The ORs decreased substantially after adjusting for socio-economic score and integration score. A non-European ethnic origin, low socio-economic and integration scores, conduced higher OR for belonging to clusters 1, 2, and 3 as compared to cluster 4. Significant differences in fasting and 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and total cholesterol were observed across the dietary patterns. After adjusting for ethnicity, differences in fasting insulin (p=0.015) and HOMA-IR (p=0.040) across clusters remained significant, despite low power. Conclusion: The results indicate that socio-economic and integration level may explain a large proportion of the ethnic differences in dietary patterns.Norges forskningsråd SPH 19454

Per Ardua Ad Astra : Personer og omstendigheter på Sofya Kovalevskayas vei til berømmelse

Dette er rapporten fra et historisk-biografisk prosjekt om Sofya Kovalevskaya, der noen russiske og polske arkivkilder om henne som er lite kjent fra før, er hentet frem, oversatt og drøftet. Disse nye kildene kaster nytt lys på flere sider ved hennes person og virksomhet. Oppgaven er stilt som den avsluttende delen av mastergradsstudiet i matematikkdidaktikk ved Universitetet i Agder. Jeg innleder med et kort beskrivelse av Londa Schiebingers fire tilnærminger til feministisk historiografi, som jeg har brukt som struktureringsredskaper for prosjektgjennomføringen. Deretter gir jeg en oversikt over Kovalevskayas levnetsløp, og beskriver kort de kildene jeg har benyttet. De påfølgende kapitlene er ordnet kronologisk, og mine nye kilderanalyserer jeg i forbindelse med den relevante perioden i Kovalevskayas liv. Jeg har kartlagt store deler av Kovalevskayas slektstre både på mors-og farssiden, uten å finne belegg for legendene om avstamning fra konger og sigøynere, men jeg har funnet norske aner som ikke er omtalt noe annet sted

A letter from Malevich to Semevsky about Kovalevskaya

acceptedVersio

Ethnic differences in maternal dietary patterns are largely explained by socioeconomic score and integration score: a population-based study

Background: The impact of socio-economic position and integration level on the observed ethnic differences in dietary habits has received little attention. Objectives: To identify and describe dietary patterns in a multi-ethnic population of pregnant women, to explore ethnic differences in odds ratio (OR) for belonging to a dietary pattern, when adjusted for socioeconomic status and integration level and to examine whether the dietary patterns were reflected in levels of biomarkers related to obesity and hyperglycaemia. Design: This cross-sectional study was a part of the STORK Groruddalen study. In total, 757 pregnant women, of whom 59% were of a non-Western origin, completed a food frequency questionnaire in gestational week 28 ± 2. Dietary patterns were extracted through cluster analysis using Ward’s method. Results: Four robust clusters were identified where cluster 4 was considered the healthier dietary pattern and cluster 1 the least healthy. All non-European women as compared to Europeans had higher OR for belonging to the unhealthier dietary patterns 1-3 vs. cluster 4. Women from the Middle East and Africa had the highest OR, 21.5 (95% CI 10.6-43.7), of falling into cluster 1 vs. 4 as compared to Europeans. The ORs decreased substantially after adjusting for socio-economic score and integration score. A non-European ethnic origin, low socio-economic and integration scores, conduced higher OR for belonging to clusters 1, 2, and 3 as compared to cluster 4. Significant differences in fasting and 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and total cholesterol were observed across the dietary patterns. After adjusting for ethnicity, differences in fasting insulin (p=0.015) and HOMA-IR (p=0.040) across clusters remained significant, despite low power. Conclusion: The results indicate that socio-economic and integration level may explain a large proportion of the ethnic differences in dietary patterns

Structural basis for enzymatic excision of N(1)-methyladenine and N(3)-methylcytosine from DNA

N(1)-methyladenine (m(1)A) and N(3)-methylcytosine (m(3)C) are major toxic and mutagenic lesions induced by alkylation in single-stranded DNA. In bacteria and mammals, m(1)A and m(3)C were recently shown to be repaired by AlkB-mediated oxidative demethylation, a direct DNA damage reversal mechanism. No AlkB gene homologues have been identified in Archaea. We report that m(1)A and m(3)C are repaired by the AfAlkA base excision repair glycosylase of Archaeoglobus fulgidus, suggesting a different repair mechanism for these lesions in the third domain of life. In addition, AfAlkA was found to effect a robust excision of 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine. We present a high-resolution crystal structure of AfAlkA, which, together with the characterization of several site-directed mutants, forms a molecular rationalization for the newly discovered base excision activity

The genomic basis of the plant island syndrome in Darwin’s giant daisies

The repeated, rapid and often pronounced patterns of evolutionary divergence observed in insular plants, or the ‘plant island syndrome’, include changes in leaf phenotypes, growth, as well as the acquisition of a perennial lifestyle. Here, we sequence and describe the genome of the critically endangered, Galápagos-endemic species Scalesia atractyloides Arnot., obtaining a chromosome-resolved, 3.2-Gbp assembly containing 43,093 candidate gene models. Using a combination of fossil transposable elements, k-mer spectra analyses and orthologue assignment, we identify the two ancestral genomes, and date their divergence and the polyploidization event, concluding that the ancestor of all extant Scalesia species was an allotetraploid. There are a comparable number of genes and transposable elements across the two subgenomes, and while their synteny has been mostly conserved, we find multiple inversions that may have facilitated adaptation. We identify clear signatures of selection across genes associated with vascular development, growth, adaptation to salinity and flowering time, thus finding compelling evidence for a genomic basis of the island syndrome in one of Darwin’s giant daisies