Irrigation district sustainability

Presented at Irrigation district sustainability - strategies to meet the challenges: USCID irrigation district specialty conference held on June 3-6, 2009 in Reno, Nevada.Fresno Irrigation District (FID) serves irrigation water to approximately 245,000 acres including the Cities of Fresno and Clovis, in California's Central San Joaquin Valley. As Clovis has developed they have looked for ways to diversify their water supply portfolio. Until recently, this mainly consisted of groundwater wells with some surface water supplies coming from FID. Clovis, in an effort to increase their dry year supplies, partnered with FID to develop the Waldron Banking Facilities. Through the agreement developed between Clovis and FID, Clovis provided half of the capital to develop the project in return for half of the project yield. Clovis also has the first right of refusal, on an annual basis, for any yield developed from the project. The Waldron Banking Facilities are comprised of three groundwater banking facilities located in the western portion of the District. In exchange for the banked supplies, FID then provides an equivalent amount of surface water to Clovis (in the eastern portion of FID). To develop a new water supply for the City and FID, during wet years and other times when surplus surface water supplies are available these supplies are routed to the groundwater recharge basins. In dry years, these banked supplies are then recovered from the aquifer, and delivered to FID growers. Two of the recharge basin sites were existing regulation basins, which were significantly expanded to add recharge capabilities. One of the sites is new, and placed at the bifurcation of one of FID's laterals. The recharge basin sites were strategically selected in order to provide an added benefit as regulation and storage basins that could be utilized during the irrigation season. The project was built over the course of three years, in phases. Now complete, the project includes approximately 250 acres of recharge basins, new measurement and control sites, seven recovery wells, and a network of monitoring wells. This paper will discuss the financial aspects of the project, project planning issues, design considerations, and how the twelve construction contracts were developed, managed and executed

Irrigation district sustainability

Presented at Irrigation district sustainability - strategies to meet the challenges: USCID irrigation district specialty conference held on June 3-6, 2009 in Reno, Nevada.Includes bibliographical references.The evolving circumstances under which irrigation districts operate include growing demands for more accurate knowledge and accountability of flow throughout the conveyance network, along with increased needs for timely awareness when unexpected flow conditions are present. For open channel conveyance systems, critical-flow structures (flumes or weirs) offer the simplicity of a direct correlation between upstream water level and a corresponding discharge. Unfortunately at many locations where flow measurement is desired there may be insufficient head available for operation of a critical-flow measurement structure under all flow conditions that may occur. In recent years following development of computer-based design and calibration software, long-throated flumes have gained increasing popularity as the class of critical-flow structures which offer the greatest submergence tolerance. Numerous long-throated flumes have been installed at sites where head availability is marginal. In some cases after a flume has been installed it becomes apparent that the head is not sufficient under all operating conditions for critical-flow measurement. Reclamation's Hydraulic Investigations and Laboratory Services Group and Yuma Area Office Water Conservation Field Services Program are field testing a system for measuring flow with long-throated flumes under submerged or unsubmerged conditions. The initial scope this field study targeted specifically selected for continuously submerged conditions. The project scope has been expanded to include occasionally submerged sites in recognition that numerous long throated flumes have been installed at sites where submergence conditions that exceed the flume's modular limit exist under some operating conditions

Prospectus. December 13, 1971

NELSON PREPARES PAPER FOR AMERICAN SOCIETY OF FARM MANAGERS AND RURAL APPRAISERS; Residence Policy Modified At Parkland; Gunji Named Campus Coordinator; Parkland Students Named to Post; Former P.C. Students Announces Candidacy; O Community Hast Thou Forsaken Me?; Watch Out Now; Merry Christmas; Parkland Students Second Class Citizens; Paul\u27s Page: I Bid Adieu to Ol\u27 P.C. , Mother Goosey; What\u27s going on: Susie Speaks, Registration Schedule, Registration Requirements, Banking Courses at Parkland, Conservation Course, T.A. Program Evaluated, LRC Notes, The Devils, Music Music Music, Loans, Chess Players Wanted; Orpheus Reborn: Duo-Enigmatic Quinaries, Magodev; Meet Your Counselor; New Guidelines For Formal Lounge; Parkland Holds Rebound Contest; Cobras Win Number Two; Hart Beat; The Seven Main Stayshttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1971/1000/thumbnail.jp

The Tribological Behaviour of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) through their Glass Transitions.

yesAdvanced engineering polymers of the Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family with carbon fibre reinforcement are finding application in engineering systems as tribological bearing surfaces under severe operating conditions that cyclically move the polymer into and beyond the glass transition temperature region. To support such an application, the friction in high speed and low load PAEK-steel sliding contacts was investigated both unlubricated and lubricated with a trinonyl trimellitate ester, a base fluid for high temperature industrial lubricants. Four polymers in the PAEK family, PEEK, PEK, PEKEKK and PEKK, with 30%wt of carbon fibre whiskers were tested against an AISI 4140 steel disc. When unlubricated, low friction depended upon the formation of a PAEK transfer film on the steel disc and when this became unstable in the glass transition region the friction increased to much higher levels with associated polymer surface damage. Frictional heating due to the high sliding speed dominated the differences in glass transition behaviour between the four PAEKs. When lubricated, the lubricant film controlled friction and there was no significant effect of the glass transition of any of the PAEKs. The irreversible nature of the glass transition in PAEKs in such tribological applications, due to high surface damage at high temperature, means that it is essential to ensure effective lubrication in both fluid film and boundary lubrication.Innovate UK, Knowledge Transfer Partnershi

Crop biology under agrivoltaics systems’ skewed spectrum light

Agrivoltaics refers to the concurrent production of crops with solar-derived electrical generation. It offers a means of generating ‘green’ energy while producing exploitable biomass and enhancing profit by reducing production costs. Semi-transparent, colour-tinted panels, in addition, permit light transmission, produce power for the farm/growth house, and provide tailored lighting wavelengths for different growth processes and sector need. The aim of this project is to evaluate contrasting crop types and the positive and negative effects of growth under tinted systems. Root, leafy and soft fruit crops were compared under the skewed spectrum resulting from orange tinted panels, to understand their growth and biochemistry in such red-enhanced light conditions. Plant growth, morphology and nutrient content were observed to differ in all crop types. Rocket and tomato biomass under tinted conditions showed a smaller reduction, when compared with neutral density shaded plants, than that of radish varieties. An increased protein content previously reported was consistently observed. Further aspects of biochemistry and fruit characteristics suggest other high value features may compensate for deleterious biomass effects

Portfolio Vol. II N 1

Browne, Phil. The Approach to Fraternity Row . Picture. 2. Simmons, Fate. The Sand House . Prose. 3. The College Catbird, Groucho. Ode to my Fellow Students . Poem. 6. Varney, Chester. The Tramp . Prose. 7. Browne, Phil. Shell Shock . Prose. 9. West, Bill C. Mr. Freud... . Poem. 10. West, Bill C. Bacchanal . Poem. 10. De Chavannes, Pierre Puvis de. Summer . Poem. 10. Pierce, Ames. A Student Looks at Europe . Prose. 11. Timrud, David. Though you Knew it Not . Poem. 13. Timrud, David. Le Joi De Vivre . Poem. 13. Timrud, David. The Ghostly Loom . Poem. 13. Dohanos, Stephen. West Quoddy Light, Maine . Picture. 13. Millet, Jean Francois. Peasants Going to Work . Picture. 14. Kent, Rockwell. Maine Coast . Picture. 14. Beier, Dean. Review of New Recordings . Prose. 15. Beier, Dean. Advice on Band Booking . Prose. 15. Millay, Edna St. Vincent. From \u27Conversation at Midnight\u27 . Prose. 16. Black, James. Playing Around . Prose. 17. Saunders, Paul. Review of New Books .Prose. 17. Salietti, Alberto. A country Woman . Picture. 18. Eschman, Barbara. Color Scheme . Poem. 18. Whitehead, Richard. A Tribute . Picture. 19. Beckham, Adela. Gethsemane . Poem. 20. Beckham, Adela. Blues Singer . Poem. 20. Flory, Doris. Revelation . Poem. 20. Flory, Doris. Fervor . Poem. 20. Hanna, Stanley. Men of Fortune . Poem. 20. Sweitzer, Harry J. Denison and Education . Prose. 21. Hopkins, Kate. Twillight . Prose. 23. Hopkins, Kate. Afterward . Prose. 23

Pushdown automata in statistical machine translation

This article describes the use of pushdown automata (PDA) in the context of statistical machine translation and alignment under a synchronous context-free grammar. We use PDAs to compactly represent the space of candidate translations generated by the grammar when applied to an input sentence. General-purpose PDA algorithms for replacement, composition, shortest path, and expansion are presented. We describe HiPDT, a hierarchical phrase-based decoder using the PDA representation and these algorithms. We contrast the complexity of this decoder with a decoder based on a finite state automata representation, showing that PDAs provide a more suitable framework to achieve exact decoding for larger synchronous context-free grammars and smaller language models. We assess this experimentally on a large-scale Chinese-to-English alignment and translation task. In translation, we propose a two-pass decoding strategy involving a weaker language model in the first-pass to address the results of PDA complexity analysis. We study in depth the experimental conditions and tradeoffs in which HiPDT can achieve state-of-the-art performance for large-scale SMT. </jats:p

Reliability and normative values for the foot mobility magnitude: a composite measure of vertical and medial-lateral mobility of the midfoot

Background: A study was conducted to determine the reliability and minimal detectable change for a new composite measure of the vertical and medial-lateral mobility of the midfoot called the foot mobility magnitude

Benchmarking spike-based visual recognition: a dataset and evaluation

Today, increasing attention is being paid to research into spike-based neural computation both to gain a better understanding of the brain and to explore biologically-inspired computation. Within this field, the primate visual pathway and its hierarchical organisation have been extensively studied. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), inspired by the understanding of observed biological structure and function, have been successfully applied to visual recognition and classification tasks. In addition, implementations on neuromorphic hardware have enabled large-scale networks to run in (or even faster than) real time, making spike-based neural vision processing accessible on mobile robots. Neuromorphic sensors such as silicon retinas are able to feed such mobile systems with real-time visual stimuli. A new set of vision benchmarks for spike-based neural processing are now needed to measure progress quantitatively within this rapidly advancing field. We propose that a large dataset of spike-based visual stimuli is needed to provide meaningful comparisons between different systems, and a corresponding evaluation methodology is also required to measure the performance of SNN models and their hardware implementations. In this paper we first propose an initial NE (Neuromorphic Engineering) dataset based on standard computer vision benchmarks and that uses digits from the MNIST database. This dataset is compatible with the state of current research on spike-based image recognition. The corresponding spike trains are produced using a range of techniques: rate-based Poisson spike generation, rank order encoding, and recorded output from a silicon retina with both flashing and oscillating input stimuli. In addition, a complementary evaluation methodology is presented to assess both model-level and hardware-level performance. Finally, we demonstrate the use of the dataset and the evaluation methodology using two SNN models to validate the performance of the models and their hardware implementations. With this dataset we hope to (1) promote meaningful comparison between algorithms in the field of neural computation, (2) allow comparison with conventional image recognition methods, (3) provide an assessment of the state of the art in spike-based visual recognition, and (4) help researchers identify future directions and advance the field

Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST): A Technology Roadmap for the Next Decade

The Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope (ATLAST) is a set of mission concepts for the next generation of UVOIR space observatory with a primary aperture diameter in the 8-m to 16-m range that will allow us to perform some of the most challenging observations to answer some of our most compelling questions, including "Is there life elsewhere in the Galaxy?" We have identified two different telescope architectures, but with similar optical designs, that span the range in viable technologies. The architectures are a telescope with a monolithic primary mirror and two variations of a telescope with a large segmented primary mirror. This approach provides us with several pathways to realizing the mission, which will be narrowed to one as our technology development progresses. The concepts invoke heritage from HST and JWST design, but also take significant departures from these designs to minimize complexity, mass, or both. Our report provides details on the mission concepts, shows the extraordinary scientific progress they would enable, and describes the most important technology development items. These are the mirrors, the detectors, and the high-contrast imaging technologies, whether internal to the observatory, or using an external occulter. Experience with JWST has shown that determined competitors, motivated by the development contracts and flight opportunities of the new observatory, are capable of achieving huge advances in technical and operational performance while keeping construction costs on the same scale as prior great observatories.Comment: 22 pages, RFI submitted to Astro2010 Decadal Committe