Recording Speech Acts

Indexicality is at the core of many major philosophical problems.1 In the last years, recorded messages and written notes have become a significant test and an intriguing puzzle for the semantics of indexical expressions.2 In this paper, I argue that a parallel may be drawn between the determination of the reference of the indexical expressions in recorded messages or written texts, and the determination of the illocutionary force of recorded or written utterances. To this aim, I will endorse the intention-based approach proposed by Stefano Predelli - and in particular his distinction between context of utterance and context of interpretation

Parole come pietre: atti linguistici e subordinazione

Derogatory epithets are terms such as “nigger” and “faggot” targeting individuals and groups of individuals on the basis of race, nationality, religion, gender or sexual orientation. There is no consensus on the best treatment of derogatory epithets. The aim of my paper is to evaluate a proposal recently put forward by Rae Langton, the speech acts account (SAA). Assessing SAA is far from an easy task, since the proposal is little more than an outline, deeply intertwined with Langton’s general view on hate speech and pornography. My goal is first of all to disentangle a coherent account from Langton’s observations; second, I will raise and partially address some key objections against it. I will argue that, although SAA gives us significant insights into a number of phenomena, it is in need of a clearer formulation and further investigation

Low-F concentration dentifrice : anticaries effect and mechanisms involved.

Orientador: Livia Maria Andalo TenutaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: A eficiência anticárie dos dentifrícios fluoretados contendo 1000-1500 µg F/g está bem estabelecida, porém eles têm sido considerados fator de risco para fluorose dental. Para reduzir esse risco, dentifrícios contendo baixa concentração de fluoreto (F) (500-550 µg F/g) têm sido recomendados, mas sua eficiência anticárie ainda não foi demonstrada. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi: 1. comparar a disponibilidade de F na saliva após utilização de dentifrício de baixa concentração de F (BC, 500 µg F/g, NaF), ou dentifrício de concentração convencional (CC, 1100 µg F/g, NaF), seguida ou não de enxágüe; e 2: avaliar in situ o potencial anticariogênico desses dentifrícios, estudando o efeito do F disponível no biofilme dental após a escovação, associado ou não aos produtos formados no esmalte pelo tratamento com os dentifrícios. Em ambos os estudos, foi empregado um delineamento cruzado e duplo cego. No estudo 1, amostras de saliva não estimulada de 5 voluntários foram coletadas antes e imediatamente após a escovação e nos tempos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 e 60 min após a escovação com BC ou CC, seguida ou não de enxágüe. A área sob a curva da concentração de F na saliva versus tempo foi calculada para determinar a biodisponibilidade de F salivar. Esta foi reduzida em 2,5 x pelo enxágüe pósescovação (p0,05). No estudo 2, doze voluntários realizaram escovação com dentifrícios contendo concentrações de F distintas (placebo (P) ¿ controle negativo, CC ou BC) e utilizaram um dispositivo palatino contendo blocos de esmalte bovino, previamente tratados ou não com suspensão do respectivo dentifrício. Os blocos foram cobertos com uma placa teste de S. mutans IB 1600 e após 30 min in situ, a placa foi coletada e a concentração de F no fluido foi determinada através de técnica microanalítica com eletrodo íon específico. Um bochecho com sacarose foi realizado como desafio cariogênico e após 45 min os blocos remanescentes e a placa teste foram coletados para avaliação, respectivamente, da perda mineral (simulando o efeito de diferentes espessuras de placa) e da concentração de F no fluido. O pré-tratamento dos blocos de esmalte com os dentifrícios fluoretados isoladamente não impediu a perda mineral em relação ao controle (p>0,05), mas causou aumento na concentração de F no fluido da placa (p0.05). In study 2, twelve volunteers brushed with dentifrices containing distinct F concentrations (placebo (P) ¿ negative control, LC or CC) and used a palatal appliance containing bovine enamel blocks previously treated or not with a slurry of assigned dentifrice. The blocks were covered with a test plaque from S. mutans IB 1600 and after 30 min in situ, F concentration in the fluid of plaque was assessed. A sucrose rinse was performed as a cariogenic challenge and after 45 min the remaining blocks and plaque test were removed to evaluate, respectively, mineral loss (as a function of plaque thickness) and F concentration in plaque fluid. The isolated effect of the pretreatment of enamel blocks with F dentifrices did not reduced mineral loss when compared to the control (p>0.05), but resulted in higher F concentration in the plaque fluid (p<0.05). Brushing with F dentifrices increased F concentration in the plaque fluid, which was significantly different between LC and CC (p<0.05), and resulted in lower mineral loss when compared to the control (p<0.05). Additionally, although LC and CC did not differ when mineral loss was evaluated on a plaque thickness simulation of up to 0.5 mm, CC was more efficient than LC at thicker plaque (1 to 1.5 mm) (p<0.05). The results suggest that conventional F concentration dentifrice is more efficient than the low-F one in the inhibition of mineral loss. Additionally, post-brushing rinse should be recommended after the use of conventional F concentration dentifrices by young childrenMestradoCariologiaMestre em Odontologi

Mineralisation of surfactants using ultrasound and the Advanced Fenton Process

The destruction of the surfactants, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS) and dodecyl pyridinium chloride (DPC), using an advanced oxidation process is described. The use of zero valent iron (ZVI) and hydrogen peroxide at pH = 2.5 (the advanced Fenton process), with and without, the application of 20 kHz ultrasound leads to extensive mineralisation of both materials as determined by total organic carbon (TOC)measurements. For DBS, merely stirring with ZVI and H2O2 at 20°C leads to a 51% decrease in TOC, but using 20 kHz ultrasound at 40°C, maintaining the pH at 2.5 throughout and adding extra amounts of ZVI and H2O2 during the degradation, then the extent of mineralisation of DBS is substantially increased to 93%. A similar result is seen for DPC where virtually no degradation occurs at 20°C, but if extra amounts of both ZVI and hydrogen peroxide are introduced during the reaction at 40°C and the pH is maintained at 2.5, then an 87% mineralisation of DPC is obtained. The slow latent remediation of both surfactants and the mechanism of degradation are also discussed

Influence of insulating materials on green building rating system results

This paper analyzes the impact of a change in the thermal insulating material on both the energy and environmental performance of a building, evaluated through two different green building assessment methods: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and Istituto per l'innovazione e Trasparenza degli Appalti e la Compatibilità Ambientale (ITACA). LEED is one of the most qualified rating systems at an international level; it assesses building sustainability thanks to a point-based system where credits are divided into six different categories. One of these is fully related to building materials. The ITACA procedure derives from the international evaluation system Sustainable Building Tool (SBTool), modified according to the Italian context. In the region of Umbria, ITACA certification is composed of 20 technical sheets, which are classified into five macro-areas. The analysis was developed on a residential building located in the central Italy. It was built taking into account the principles of sustainability as far as both structural and technical solutions are concerned. In order to evaluate the influence of thermal insulating material, different configurations of the envelope were considered, replacing the original material (glass wool) with a synthetic one (expanded polystyrene, EPS) and two natural materials (wood fiber and kenaf). The study aims to highlight how the materials characteristics can affect building energy and environmental performance and to point out the different approaches of the analyzed protocols

Medicalización global, TDAH y niñeces. un estudio en medios de comunicación de 7 países

The aim is to analyze research results in seven countries in Asia, America,Europe and Oceania, to know which social actors are represented in the media on ADHD, inwhat ways and with what effects. We support the argument in three axes: ADHD as aparadigmatic example of the medicalization of children's mental health; ADHD in childhood asa global diagnosis; and the media as a relevant non-medical actor in the globalization of ADHDdiagnosis. A corpus of 28 pieces of specific bibliography (books, book chapters and scientificarticles) was formed. We consider the contributions of the medicalization of society as atheoretical-conceptual reference. The multiplicity of media discourses about ADHD inchildren, and the articulation of non-medical social actors in the processes of globalmedicalization of ADHD are discuss.O objetivo é analisar os resultados da pesquisa em sete países da Ásia, América, Europa e Oceania, para saber quais atores sociais estão representados na mídia sobre TDAH, de que forma e com quais efeitos. Apoiamos o argumento em três eixos: TDAH como exemplo paradigmático da medicalização da saúde mental das crianças; TDAH na infância como diagnóstico global; e a mídia como um ator não médico relevante na globalização do diagnóstico de TDAH. Foi formado um corpus de 28 peças de bibliografia específica (livros, capítulos de livros e artigos científicos). Tomamos como referência teórico-conceitual as contribuições da corrente da medicalização da sociedade. Discute a multiplicidade de discursos midiáticas sobre TDAH em crianças, e sobre a articulação de atores sociais não médicos nos processos de medicalização global do TDAH.El objetivo es analizar resultados de investigaciones en siete países de Asia, América, Europa y Oceanía, para conocer qué actores sociales aparecen representados en los medios de comunicación sobre el TDAH, de qué maneras y con qué efectos. Sustentamos la argumentación en tres ejes: el TDAH como ejemplo paradigmático de la medicalización de la salud mental infantil; el TDAH en la infancia como diagnóstico global; y los medios de comunicación como actor no médico relevante en la globalización del diagnóstico de TDAH. Se conformó un corpus de 28 piezas de bibliografía específica (libros, capítulos de libros y artículos científicos). Tomamos como referencia teórico-conceptual los aportes de la corriente de la medicalización de la sociedad. Se discute acerca de la multiplicidad de discursos mediáticos acerca del TDAH en las niñeces, y sobre la articulación de actores sociales no médicos en los procesos de medicalización global del TDAH.Fil: Bianchi, Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; ArgentinaFil: Oberti, Milagros. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; ArgentinaFil: Faraone, Silvia Adriana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; ArgentinaFil: Torricelli, Flavia Claudia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; Argentin

Cation, anion and ion-pair complexes with a G-3 poly(ethylene imine) dendrimer in aqueous solution

The G-3 poly(ethylene imine) ligand L2 shows a multifaceted coordination ability, being able to bind metal cations, anions and ion-pairs. The equilibrium constants for the formation of metal (Cu2+, Zn2+), anion (SO42−) and ion-pair (Cu2+/SO42−) complexes were determined in 0.1 M Me4NCl aqueous solution at 298.1 ± 0.1 K by means of potentiometric titrations. Thanks to its dendrimeric nature, L2 can form highly nucleated metal complexes, such as Cu5L210+ and Zn4L28+, in successive and well-defined complexation steps. Protonated forms of L2 give rise to relatively weak anion complexes with SO42−, but the addition of Cu2+ significantly enhances the binding ability of the ligand toward this anion below pH 9. In more alkaline solutions, an opposite trend is observed. The coordination properties of L2 are discussed with the support of modelling calculations. According to results, L2 is a promising molecule for the preparation of solid supported materials for the recovery of cations and anions from aqueous media and/or for applications in heterogeneous catalysis

Talleres de pictogramas para potenciar la producción de cuentos en niños de cuarto grado de primaria

Todos tenemos algo que decir, y una historia que contar. Sin embargo, muchos estudiantes consideran que redactar es algo que se encuentra fuera de sus posibilidades. Es en este contexto, que se planteó la siguiente investigación, con el fin de diseñar talleres de pictogramas para potenciar la producción de cuentos en estudiantes del cuarto grado de primaria en una I.E. de Mórrope. Esto se trabajó con un método no–experimental y diseño básico propositivo; contando con una población de 21 estudiantes elegidos de forma no probabilística, intencionada y por conveniencia. Como resultado, se logró identificar el nivel en que se encuentran los alumnos con respecto a la producción de textos, y se plantearon una serie de talleres de pictogramas que respondieron a las necesidades de los estudiantes. Finalmente, se concluyó que los talleres de pictogramas fueron diseñados con metodología innovadora y didáctica, que busca potenciar la producción de cuentos y la creatividad

Resarch based links: knowledge diversity to solve productive problems

La investigación universitaria se caracteriza por su orientación universal que abarca todas las áreas del conocimiento. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo la diversidad en la investigación puede operar como una fortaleza para la vinculación con actores productivos. El análisis se realiza mediante el estudio documental de los proyectos aprobados por el Programa de Vinculación con el Sector Productivo, de la Universidad de la República de Uruguay, para el período 1999-2010. Los resultados muestran que ese programa resultó una herramienta adecuada y original para la vinculación universidad-sector productivo, mediante actividades de investigación que implican la creación y la aplicación de conocimiento.A characteristic of research at the university level is its universal approach which involves all areas of knowledge. The aim of this paper is to analyze how such diversity in research can be seen as a strength for linking academic work with the industry. The analysis is based on a documentary study of the projects supported by the Linking with the Productive Sector program of Universidad de la República of Uruguay during 1999-2010. Results show that this program was an appropriate and original tool to promote university work and productive sector links through research activities that include the creation and application of knowledge

Método CLIL para el aprendizaje significativo del área de science en estudiantes del tercer grado de primaria 2023

Para triunfar en un mundo globalizado, no basta hablar un solo idioma. Con el deseo de lograr una educación bilingüe de calidad, diversas escuelas de Perú modificaron su currículo, empezando a dictar las asignaturas básicas en inglés. Es en ese marco que nace la presente investigación, la cual se enfocó en un grupo de 33 estudiantes del tercer grado de primaria, quienes presentaban dificultades en el área de Science. Con el objetivo de diseñar un programa académico con la metodología CLIL para potenciar el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes en esta área, se partió de conocer el nivel real en que se encontraban los alumnos con respecto a esta asignatura. Los resultados arrojaron que el 80% del alumnado presenta problemas al momento de trabajar el curso bilingüe de Science. Finalmente, se logró proponer un programa académico que respondiera a las necesidades del alumnado, y permitiera una mejor comprensión de las áreas curriculares que son dictadas en una lengua extranjera