La corrispondenza di Giovanni Della Casa: stato dell'arte, progetti (e dieci inediti)

The paper takes stock of the bibliographic scholarship on the correspondence of Giovanni Della Casa. It reviews Della Casa's published and unpublished letters and looks at the current state of ongoing research. The paper also lays out the results of the scholarship conducted by the author for the preparation of the section in the Autografi dei letterati italiani and the appendix includes the text of and a commentary on ten hitherto unpublished letters

Análisis del sector manufactura en México

This article shows an exploratory and descriptive analysis of the manufacturing sector in Mexico. A Model of Structural Equations (SEM) is presented by the method of partial least squares (PLS) with statistical data of the country’s manufacturing industry and through software Smart PLS analyzes sixteen indicators grouped into six variables that contain statistical information on the manufacturing sector from 2011 to 2019. With the construction of variables, the relationships between the indicators that allow companies in the manufacturing sector to move from the current state of simple manufacturing to advanced manufacturing are identified. The object of study are companies in the manufacturing sector nationwide.En este articulo se muestra un analisis exploratorio y descriptivo del sector manufactura en Mexico, se presenta un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) por el metodo de minimos cuadrados parciales (PLS) con datos estadisticos de la industria manufacturera del pais y mediante el software Smart PLS se realiza el analisis de dieciseis indicadores agrupados en seis variables que contienen informacion estadistica del sector manufactura del periodo 2011 a 2019. Con la construccion de variables se identifican las relaciones entre los indicadores que permiten a las empresas del sector manufactura transitar del estado actual de manufactura simple a manufactura avanzada. El objeto de estudio son las empresas del sector manufactura a nivel nacional

Food intake and the significance of feeding in Qom children of northern Argentina

Background: As part of the ubiquitous nutritional transition indigenous are experiencing, the typical diet of most indigenous communities is being substituted by one with high-fat and high-energy-density foods. Domestic feeding transmits cultural factors through meaning and symbolism influential in food, preparation, and meal experiences, which in turn influence children's eating habits differently among social groups. Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the food consumption patterns of Qom preschoolers and to describe cultural domains about the significance of feeding in this indigenous population in northern Argentina. Methods: This cross-sectional and mixed-methods study was conducted in 2016-2017 and focused on 160 preschoolers and their mothers in the village of Namqom. It used a closed questionnaire, three 24-h recalls, and free listing techniques. Results: Qom preschoolers had a high prevalence of excess weight (25%) and stunting (16%). Mothers reported only 38 food items consumed by preschoolers. Almost all of the children (96%) consumed white bread, whereas 89% consumed milk, 87.5% sweet cookies, 84.7% some sort of stew, 72% fried dough, and 63.1% soup. In addition, it was found that preschoolers consumed neither fresh and varied vegetables, nor available fruits. They did not consume fresh fish and other meats, either. Caregivers related the term "feeding"with "having to eat,"which might be associated with the context of poverty in which they live. Caregivers also mentioned "eating right"to get healthy or grow up strong. Conclusions: The present study revealed a relatively elevated consumption of high-energy but nutritionally poor food, and malnutrition, which reflects the impacts of poverty. We found that the cultural domain of food is linked to survival and depletion ideas.Fil: Olmedo, Sofia Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Roman, María Dolores. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Salud Pública; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición; ArgentinaFil: Berra, Silvina del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Salud Pública; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Valeggia, Claudia R.. University of Yale; Estados Unido

La perspectiva de las madres qom sobre el consumo alimentario, la significación de la alimentación y el cuerpo de preescolares de Namqom de Formosa, Argentina

La ingesta dietética y los hábitos alimentarios en las comunidades indígenas están en franco proceso de transición ya que se ha pasado de consumir alimentos regionales obtenidos y preparados dentro de la comunidad a alimentos procesados con aditivos, típicos de una dieta occidental industrializada (Molano-Tobar & Molano-Tobar, 2017). Los factores que contribuyen a la composición de la dieta son múltiples y su interacción es compleja. El género, por ejemplo, puede ser un elemento clave en la dinámica alimentaria, pero ha sido escasamente incorporado como una categoría de análisis en las investigaciones de nutrición y alimentación (Gil-romo et al., 2007). Los roles de género están relacionados con las formas de actuar de acuerdo con la apropiación de la identidad, ya sea masculina o femenina (Presno Labrador & Castañeda Abascal, 2003). Entender las desigualdades alimentarias entre sexos en una población implica construir y analizar el rol del género desde la infancia temprana.Teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociocultural dentro del cual se desarrolla el proceso alimentario de niños y niñas, el objetivo de este trabajo es describir el consumo alimentario junto con sus significaciones de alimentación y cuerpo saludable en preescolares de la etnia Qom desde una perspectiva que incorpore el rol del género. El lugar de estudio es el barrio Namqom, una comunidad mayoritariamente Qom ubicada a 11 km de la ciudad de Formosa. Los Qom representan uno de los tres grupos étnicos principales originarios de la región del Chaco de América del Sur (UNICEF, 2011). Este estudio responde a un diseño de tipo transversal y de métodos mixtos que se realizó con niños y niñas Qom de 2 a 5 años entre enero y diciembre de 2016. Los datos sobre los alimentos consumidos por los participantes de edad preescolar fueron recolectados utilizando tres recordatorios de 24 horas realizados a madres y abuelas en sus hogares. Para determinar el dominio cultural de la alimentación y del cuerpo saludable de preescolares utilizamos una técnica de listado libre con la palabra "alimentación" y "cuerpo sano". En el análisis se tuvo en cuenta los roles de género que describen las actitudes que adoptan las persona en función de su identidad, y permite la configuración de diferentes roles: a) rol reproductivo, asumido y naturalizado por las mujeres; incluye las actividades para garantizar el bienestar, crianza y supervivencia de todos los miembros de la familia; b) rol productivo: actividades que producen ingresos personales y para el hogar; considerado el rol principal del hombre; c) rol de gestión comunitaria: actividades que aportan el desarrollo o a la organización política de la comunidad (Presno Labrador & Castañeda Abascal, 2003). La muestra estuvo conformada por 160 preescolares, homogénea en proporción de niños (51%) y niñas (49%). El 28% de los niños y el 22% de las niñas tuvieron exceso de peso. Se observó diferencia por sexo en la talla/edad, donde el 22% de los niños tuvo baja talla respecto al 9% de las niñas. En un contexto de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, se evidencia que los alimentos más frecuentemente consumidos por los preescolares Qom son los procesados de alto contenido calórico y graso. Entre ellos encontramos la leche, las galletitas dulces, guisos, pan, torta frita, sopa, jugos y bebidas carbonatadas. Además, se observó que la leche se reemplaza por "aloja" (agua con azúcar) o "sustancia" (agua, almidón de maíz y azúcar) y se prepara "moloq" (carne, verduras y harina de trigo), un alimento tradicional de Namqom. Las tácticas de obtención de alimentos formales que se llevan a cabo en Namqom son: comprar en el supermercado en la ciudad y comprar en el kiosco del barrio; en cambio, las informales incluyen ir al basurero municipal, pedir comida casa por casa en el centro de la ciudad y la comensalidad extendida. De las entrevistas surge que hay una diferencia en el consenso cultural respecto a la función de la alimentación según el sexo del niño o niña; para las madres de niñas la alimentación es "para crecer" y para las madres de los niños es para "que tengan fuerza". Estas desigualdades en la significación de la alimentación revelan la construcción del rol productivo con énfasis en el género masculino, basándose en la creencia de que los hombres son la fuerza de trabajo que da sustento a la familia. Estudio evidencia que se considera al trabajo de los hombres como productivo, por ende, se tiende a alimentar en primera instancia a los hombres para que sigan proveyendo el sustento (Presno Labrador & Castañeda Abascal, 2003). Respecto a la percepción de cuerpo infantil sano, para las mujeres Qom, es aquel que permite jugar, comer y se caracteriza por tener exceso de peso. La alimentación contribuye al moldeado y la forma del cuerpo, en este trabajo los relatos de las madres dan cuenta que un cuerpo sano de un preescolar es el "gordito", y el alimento que más consumen los preescolares es el arroz y los alimentos que consumen con mayor frecuencia son los de alta densidad calórica. Estos resultados coinciden con un estudio previo realizado en Namqom, donde la sopa de arroz, el pan y la torta frita fueron los primeros alimentos sucedáneos de la leche materna (Olmedo & Valeggia, 2014). Es importante destacar que independientemente de las diferencias en la alimentación y los significados de la alimentación de los preescolares, se interpretan los datos por sexo en función de los roles de género etnográficamente observados en la comunidad, acercándose a las razones de esas diferencias: el hombre debe tener un rol productivo por lo que la asociación con la fortaleza del cuerpo toma sentido, por consiguiente se supone el rol reproductivo de la niña Qom, por su naturalización casi exclusivamente a la mujer.Fil: Olmedo, Sofia Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Berra, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Valeggia, Claudia Rita. University of Yale; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina3° Congresso Internacional Povos Indígenas da America Latina: trajetórias, narrativas e epistemologias plurais, desafios comunsBrasiliaBrasilUniversidad de Brasili

Determinants of tracheostomy decannulation: an international survey

Ye

Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in human conjunctival epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEP)

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers in human conjunctival epithelial cells (IOBA-NHC) exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEP). METHODS. Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species production; hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels; protein oxidation; antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione S-transferase [GST], and glutathione reductase [GR]); total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP); reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were evaluated. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to evaluate DEP uptake. RESULTS. Diesel exhaust particles were entrapped by membrane protrusions developed by IOBA-NHC. Cells exposed to DEP 50 and 100 μg/mL showed a significant increase in ROS, RNS, H2O2 levels, SOD, GPx, and GST compared with the control group. A significant decay in GR was observed in both groups, meanwhile CAT levels remained unchanged. The group exposed to DEP 100 μg/mL displayed a significant increase in protein oxidation. In both groups, TRAP was significantly reduced as well as the GSH/GSSG ratio. CONCLUSIONS. The decrease in nonenzymatic antioxidants and the compensatory increase of SOD, GPX, and GST activities are consequence of the increase in ROS and RNS production due to DEP exposure and its accumulation inside the cells. The decay in GR activity leads to the decrease in GSH/GSSG recycling. These results suggest that oxidative stress could play an important role in the development of DEP effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells.Fil: Lasagni Vitar, Romina Mayra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Tau, Julia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Patología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Reides, Claudia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Berra, Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Patología; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Sandra María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Llesuy, Susana Francisca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; Argentin

Clinical accuracy of instrument-based SARS-CoV-2 antigen diagnostic tests:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, antigen diagnostic tests were frequently used for screening, triage, and diagnosis. Novel instrument-based antigen tests (iAg tests) hold the promise of outperforming their instrument-free, visually-read counterparts. Here, we provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 iAg tests’ clinical accuracy. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, medRxiv, and bioRxiv for articles published before November 7th, 2022, evaluating the accuracy of iAg tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to estimate sensitivity and specificity and used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess study quality and risk of bias. Sub-group analysis was conducted based on Ct value range, IFU-conformity, age, symptom presence and duration, and the variant of concern. Results: We screened the titles and abstracts of 20,431 articles and included 114 publications that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Additionally, we incorporated three articles sourced from the FIND website, totaling 117 studies encompassing 95,181 individuals, which evaluated the clinical accuracy of 24 commercial COVID-19 iAg tests. The studies varied in risk of bias but showed high applicability. Of 24 iAg tests from 99 studies assessed in the meta-analysis, the pooled sensitivity and specificity compared to molecular testing of a paired NP swab sample were 76.7% (95% CI 73.5 to 79.7) and 98.4% (95% CI 98.0 to 98.7), respectively. Higher sensitivity was noted in individuals with high viral load (99.6% [95% CI 96.8 to 100] at Ct-level ≤ 20) and within the first week of symptom onset (84.6% [95% CI 78.2 to 89.3]), but did not differ between tests conducted as per manufacturer’s instructions and those conducted differently, or between point-of-care and lab-based testing. Conclusion: Overall, iAg tests have a high pooled specificity but a moderate pooled sensitivity, according to our analysis. The pooled sensitivity increases with lower Ct-values (a proxy for viral load), or within the first week of symptom onset, enabling reliable identification of most COVID-19 cases and highlighting the importance of context in test selection. The study underscores the need for careful evaluation considering performance variations and operational features of iAg tests.</p

A yeast two-hybrid system reconstituting substrate recognition of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein

The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) is inactivated in the hereditary cancer syndrome von Hippel-Lindau disease and in the majority of sporadic renal carcinomas. pVHL is the substrate-binding subunit of the CBCVHL ubiquitin ligase complex that negatively regulates cell growth by promoting the degradation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor subunits (HIF1/2α). Proteomics-based identification of novel pVHL substrates is hampered by their short half-life and low abundancy in mammalian cells. The usefulness of yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) approaches, on the other hand, has been limited by the failure of pVHL to adopt its native structure and by the absence of prolylhydroxylase activity critical for pVHL substrate recognition. Therefore, we modified the Y2H system to faithfully reconstitute the physical interaction between pVHL and its substrates. Our approach relies on the coexpression of pVHL with the cofactors Elongin B and Elongin C and with HIF1/2α prolylhydroxylases. In a proof-of-principle Y2H screen, we identified the known substrates HIF1/2α and new candidate substrates including diacylglycerol kinase iota, demonstrating that our strategy allows detection of stable interactions between pVHL and otherwise elusive cellular targets. Additional future applications may include structure/function analyses of pVHL-HIF1/2α binding and screens for therapeutically relevant compounds that either stabilize or disrupt this interaction

Psychological treatments and psychotherapies in the neurorehabilitation of pain. Evidences and recommendations from the italian consensus conference on pain in neurorehabilitation

BACKGROUND: It is increasingly recognized that treating pain is crucial for effective care within neurological rehabilitation in the setting of the neurological rehabilitation. The Italian Consensus Conference on Pain in Neurorehabilitation was constituted with the purpose identifying best practices for us in this context. Along with drug therapies and physical interventions, psychological treatments have been proven to be some of the most valuable tools that can be used within a multidisciplinary approach for fostering a reduction in pain intensity. However, there is a need to elucidate what forms of psychotherapy could be effectively matched with the specific pathologies that are typically addressed by neurorehabilitation teams. OBJECTIVES: To extensively assess the available evidence which supports the use of psychological therapies for pain reduction in neurological diseases. METHODS: A systematic review of the studies evaluating the effect of psychotherapies on pain intensity in neurological disorders was performed through an electronic search using PUBMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Based on the level of evidence of the included studies, recommendations were outlined separately for the different conditions. RESULTS: The literature search yielded 2352 results and the final database included 400 articles. The overall strength of the recommendations was medium/low. The different forms of psychological interventions, including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, cognitive or behavioral techniques, Mindfulness, hypnosis, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Brief Interpersonal Therapy, virtual reality interventions, various forms of biofeedback and mirror therapy were found to be effective for pain reduction in pathologies such as musculoskeletal pain, fibromyalgia, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Central Post-Stroke pain, Phantom Limb Pain, pain secondary to Spinal Cord Injury, multiple sclerosis and other debilitating syndromes, diabetic neuropathy, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, migraine and headache. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological interventions and psychotherapies are safe and effective treatments that can be used within an integrated approach for patients undergoing neurological rehabilitation for pain. The different interventions can be specifically selected depending on the disease being treated. A table of evidence and recommendations from the Italian Consensus Conference on Pain in Neurorehabilitation is also provided in the final part of the pape

Foscolo critico

Il volume, primo della collana open access dei "Quaderni di Gargnano", ospita i contributi presentati al XV Convegno internazionale di Letteratura italiana "Gennaro Barbarisi", tenutosi a Gargnano del Garda dal 24 al 26 settembre 2012. Il "Quaderno", dedicato al Foscolo critico, accoglie contributi di Giovanni Biancardi, Arnaldo Bruni, Andrea Campana, Massimo Castellozzi, Gustavo Costa, Alfredo Cottignoli, Christian Del Vento, Sandro Gentili, Franco Longoni, Ilaria Mangiavacchi, Donatella Martinelli, Giuseppe Natale, Enzo Neppi, Matteo Palumbo, Elena Parrini Cantini, Chiara Piola Caselli. \uc8 aperto da una Prefazione di Claudia Berra, Paolo Borsa e Giulia Ravera.This volume on "Foscolo critico" is the first volume of the "Quaderni di Gargnano", an open access book series which publishes the Proceedings of the "Gennaro Barbarisi" International Conferences on Italian Literature, held in Gargnano del Garda. It contains contributions by Giovanni Biancardi, Arnaldo Bruni, Andrea Campana, Massimo Castellozzi, Gustavo Costa, Alfredo Cottignoli, Christian Del Vento, Sandro Gentili, Franco Longoni, Ilaria Mangiavacchi, Donatella Martinelli, Giuseppe Natale, Enzo Neppi, Matteo Palumbo, Elena Parrini Cantini, Chiara Piola Caselli, preceded by a Preface by the Editor: Claudia Berra, Paolo Borsa, Giulia Ravera