154 research outputs found
El currículum y la enseñanza, ¿qué se enseña y cómo al alumnado en situación de riesgo de exclusión?
En el presente artículo se analiza el currículo y la enseñanza de dos programas o medidas que se desarrollan en la Región de Murcia y en la Comunidad de Andalucía –Programa de Diversificación Curricular y Programa de Iniciación Profesional y/o Programa de Garantía Social- ambos destinados al alumnado con serias dificultades para continuar la enseñanza en las aulas regulares. Tras presentar diversos datos recogidos a través de cuestionarios y entrevistas con diferentes sujetos implicados, se analizan y valoran los resultados de la investigación realizada, procurando responder a la cuestión de en que grado el currículo diseñado en tales programas y la formación y aprendizajes logrados han contribuido a responder a las necesidades de este alumnado
Curriculum and teaching: what and how student at risk are thought?
En el presente artículo se analiza el currículo y la enseñanza de dos programas o medidas que se
desarrollan en la Región de Murcia y en la Comunidad de Andalucía –Programa de Diversificación
Curricular y Programa de Iniciación Profesional y/o Programa de Garantía Social- ambos
destinados al alumnado con serias dificultades para continuar la enseñanza en las aulas
regulares. Tras presentar diversos datos recogidos a través de cuestionarios y entrevistas con
diferentes sujetos implicados, se analizan y valoran los resultados de la investigación realizada,
procurando responder a la cuestión de en que grado el currículo diseñado en tales programas y la
formación y aprendizajes logrados han contribuido a responder a las necesidades de este
alumnado.The article analyses curriculum and teaching of two programs in the Region of Murcia and in the
Community of Andalusia - Program of Diversification Curricular and Program of Professional
Initiation and / or Program of Social Guarantee – designed and implemented with students at
risks, in serious difficulties to progress their learning in regular classrooms and teaching. After
presenting different data gathered throw questionnaires and interviews carried out with
different teachers, the outcomes are analyzed and valued in order to answer the question
related to the degree in which de curriculum designed and its implementation in such programs
respond properly to students needs and contributed to theirs expected learning.Grupo de Investigación FORCE (Formación Centrada en la Escuela) Universidad de Granad
ANÁLISIS DE TIPOS DE GESTORES DE COLAS EN NS-2
En redes de conmutación de paquetes es necesario tener un orden en el procesamiento de solicitudes que llegan a un nodo con el fin de que la red sea eficaz y eficiente, es decir, que la pérdida de paquetes debida a cambios de ancho de banda y a las capacidades de buffer de los enrutadores encargados de la comunicación, sea la menor posible. Para esto existen diferentes tipos de gestores de colas los cuales definen las características de entrada y salida de paquetes en un determinado nodo. En este documento se estudiarán las diferencias entre estos tipos de gestores mediante la implementación de una topología de red de datos en el software NS2, con el fin de determinar cuál sería el protocolo adecuado para evitar la pérdida masiva de mensajes en dicha configuración.
Plant catalases as NO and H2S targets
Catalase is a powerful antioxidant metalloenzyme located in peroxisomes which also plays a central role in signaling processes under physiological and adverse situations. Whereas animals contain a single catalase gene, in plants this enzyme is encoded by a multigene family providing multiple isoenzymes whose number varies depending on the species, and their expression is regulated according to their tissue/organ distribution and the environmental conditions. This enzyme can be modulated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) as well as by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Catalase is the major protein undergoing Tyr-nitration [post-translational modification (PTM) promoted by RNS] during fruit ripening, but the enzyme from diverse sources is also susceptible to undergo other activity-modifying PTMs. Data on S-nitrosation and persulfidation of catalase from different plant origins are given and compared here with results from obese children where S-nitrosation of catalase occurs. The cysteine residues prone to be S-nitrosated in catalase from plants and from bovine liver have been identified. These evidences assign to peroxisomes a crucial statement in the signaling crossroads among relevant molecules (NO and H2S), since catalase is allocated in these organelles. This review depicts a scenario where the regulation of catalase through PTMs, especially S-nitrosation and persulfidation, is highlighted
COVID-19 in Older Patients: Assessment of Post-COVID-19 Sarcopenia
(1) Background: Acute COVID-19 infections produce alterations in the skeletal muscle, leading to acute sarcopenia, but the medium- and long-term consequences are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate: (1) body composition; (2) muscle strength and the prevalence of sarcopenia; and (3) the relationship between muscle strength with symptomatic and functional evolution in older patients affected by/recovered from COVID-19; (2) Methods: A prospective, longitudinal study of patients aged ≥65 years who had suffered from COVID-19 infection between 1 March and 31 May 2020, as confirmed by PCR or subsequent seroconversion. Persistent symptoms, as well as anthropometric, clinical, and analytical characteristics, were analyzed at 3 and 12 months after infection. The degree of sarcopenia was determined by dynamometry and with SARC-F; (3) Results: 106 participants, aged 76.8 ± 7 years, were included. At 3 months postinfection, a high percentage of sarcopenic patients was found, especially among women and in those with hospitalization. At 12 months postinfection, this percentage had decreased, coinciding with a functional and symptomatic recovery, and the normalization of inflammatory parameters, especially interleukin-6 (4.7 ± 11.6 pg/mL vs. 1.5 ± 2.4 pg/mL, p < 0.05). The improvement in muscle strength was accompanied by significant weight gain (71.9 ± 12.1 kg vs. 74.7 ± 12.7 kg, p < 0.001), but not by an increase in lean mass (49.6 ± 10 vs. 49.9 ± 10, p 0.29); (4) Conclusions: Older COVID-19 survivors presented a functional, clinical, and muscular recovery 12 months postinfection. Even so, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive follow-ups and assessments that include aspects of nutrition and physical activity.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag
New archaeological data for Cádiz in the 18th and 19th centuries from the site of Valcárcel (Cádiz)
Con motivo de la rehabilitación y reacondicionamiento del antiguo Hospicio Provincial, actual
edificio Valcárcel, se llevaron a cabo entre agosto y
octubre de 2018 las actividades arqueológicas preceptivas para la diagnosis del subsuelo de la edificación. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de dicha actividad arqueológica, así como
las nuevas técnicas empleadas para la obtención de
datos históricos. Se da a conocer de este modo una
secuencia estratigráfica completa de época moderna estudiada desde la Arqueología, que ha permitido determinar dos fases: la más antigua asociada a
la construcción; y una más reciente, de finales del
siglo XVIII. Interesantísimos han sido los resultados obtenidos de los sondeos geoarqueológicos, que
han permitido documentar un fondeadero de época
fenicia y romana a más de 25 m de profundidad,
pudiéndose reconsiderar las interpretaciones en relación a la colmatación del canal Bahía-CaletaOn the occasion of the restoration and renovation of the Valcárcel building a rescue archaeology
was conducted between August and October 2018.
Archaeological trenches were excavated and geotechnical cores were drilled.
This paper presents the results of the archaeological work, as well as the new geoarchaeological
cores drilled to obtain palaeoenvironmental data.
A full stratigraphic sequence of the modern period was revealed by archaeological excavations. It
shows different phases of evolution: the oldest was
associated with the construction and the first uses;
and the more recent phase is dated to the end of the
18th century. The results obtained from the geoarchaeological cores were also very interesting. They
record the sedimentation in a harbour from the
Phoenician and the Roman periods at more than 25
m deep below the current level. Additionally, they
suggest new interpretations regarding the silty-up
of the Ba
Biomarkers and the quadriceps femoris muscle architecture assessed by ultrasound in older adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a cross-sectional study
Background: Sarcopenia is an important comorbidity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The ultrasound (US) assessment has all the advantages of being used in primary care to assess muscle quantity and quality. Some biomarkers could be indicative of muscle mass loss.
Aims: To describe the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the quadriceps femoris assessed by US in older adults with HFpEF and to assess the relationship of the blood and urinary biomarkers, the polypharmacy and comorbidities with US outcomes in older adults with HFpEF.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. 76 older adults with HFpEF were included. The quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (MT, cm), the subcutaneous fat tissue thickness (FT, cm), the muscle echo intensity (MEI) and the subcutaneous fat tissue echo intensity (FEI) were assessed by US in a non-contraction (non-con) and contraction (con) situations. Polypharmacy, comorbidities, blood and urine biomarkers were also collected.
Results: The carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125), the folic acid and the urine creatinine shared the 86.6% variance in the non-con MT, adjusted by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). The folic acid shared the 38.5% of the variance in the con MT, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The glycosylated haemoglobin explained the 39.6% variance in the non-con MEI, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The chlorine (Cl−) explained the 40.2% of the variance in the non-con FT, adjusted by age, sex and BMI. The polypharmacy and the folic acid explained the 37.9% of variance in the non-con FEI, while the polypharmacy and the thyrotropin (TSH) shared the 44.4% of variance in the con FEI, both adjusted by age, sex and BMI. No comorbidities, polypharmacy, or blood and urinary biomarkers could explain the con MEI and the con FT variance.
Conclusions: (...)Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA. This work was supported by the Spanish Foundation of Internal Medicine, through the call “PROF. DR. MIGUEL VILARDELL 2019 research project”. Grant number: FEMI-PB-PI-MV-2019
Kinematic Parameters That Can Discriminate in Levels of Functionality in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Patients with Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
It is a challenge to manage and assess heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is used in this clinical population as a functional test. The objective of the study was to assess gait and kinematic parameters in HFpEF patients during the 6MWT with an inertial sensor and to discriminate patients according to their performance in the 6MWT: (1) walk more or less than 300 m, (2) finish or stop the test, (3) women or men and (4) fallen or did not fall in the last year. A cross-sectional study was performed in patients with HFpEF older than 70 years. 6MWT was carried out in a closed corridor larger than 30 m. Two Shimmer3 inertial sensors were used in the chest and lumbar region. Pure kinematic parameters analysed were angular velocity and linear acceleration in the three axes. Using these data, an algorithm calculated gait kinematic parameters: total distance, lap time, gait speed and step and stride variables. Two analyses were done according to the performance. Student’s t-test measured differences between groups and receiver operating characteristic assessed discriminant ability. Seventy patients performed the 6MWT. Step time, step symmetry, stride time and stride symmetry in both analyses showed high AUC values (>0.75). More significant differences in velocity and acceleration in the maximum Y axis or vertical movements. Three pure kinematic parameters obtained good discriminant capacity (AUC > 0.75). The new methodology proved differences in gait and pure kinematic parameters that can distinguish two groups according to the performance in the 6MWT and they had discriminant capacity.This work was supported by the Spanish Foundation of Internal Medicine, through the call “Prof. Dr. Miguel Vilardell 2019 research project”, grant number: FEMI-PB-PI-MV-2019. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga
MYH10 activation rescues contractile defects in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM).
The most prevalent genetic form of inherited arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is caused by mutations in desmosomal plakophilin-2 (PKP2). By studying pathogenic deletion mutations in the desmosomal protein PKP2, here we identify a general mechanism by which PKP2 delocalization restricts actomyosin network organization and cardiac sarcomeric contraction in this untreatable disease. Computational modeling of PKP2 variants reveals that the carboxy-terminal (CT) domain is required for N-terminal domain stabilization, which determines PKP2 cortical localization and function. In mutant PKP2 cells the expression of the interacting protein MYH10 rescues actomyosin disorganization. Conversely, dominant-negative MYH10 mutant expression mimics the pathogenic CT-deletion PKP2 mutant causing actin network abnormalities and right ventricle systolic dysfunction. A chemical activator of non-muscle myosins, 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), also restores normal contractility. Our findings demonstrate that activation of MYH10 corrects the deleterious effect of PKP2 mutant over systolic cardiac contraction, with potential implications for ACM therapy.This study was supported by MCIU grant BFU2016-75144-R and PID2020-
116935RB-I00, and by a “la Caixa” Banking Foundation grant under the
project code HR18-00304” to J.A.B.; The study was also supported by
the “Ayudas a la Investigación Cátedra Real Madrid-Universidad Europea” (2017/RM01). C.M.-L. and S.S. hold MCIU predoctoral contracts
BES-2017-079715, and BES-2017-079707 respectively. R.G. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under grant ERCAG-340177 (3DNanoMech) and from the MCIU under grant MAT2016-
76507-R. The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III
(ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC
Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence, grant
CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. The
microscopy experiments were carried out at the Dynamic Microscopy
and Image Unit, CNIC, ICTS-ReDib, co-financed by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/
501100011033 and FEDER “A way of making Europe” (#ICTS-2018-04-
CNIC-16). Imaris full analysis were carried out at the Microscopy &
Dynamic Imaging, CNIC, ICTS-ReDib, co-funded by MCIN/AEI
/10.13039/501100011033. Biomedical Imaging has been conducted at
the Advanced Imaging Unit of the CNIC (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III), Madrid, Spain. This project used the
ReDIB ICTS infrastructure TRIMA@CNIC, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN).S
De-Intensification of Antidiabetic Treatment Using Canagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes: Cana-Switch-HF Study
Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor that reduces glycemia as well as the risk of cardiovascular events. Our main objective was to analyze antidiabetic treatment de-intensification and the glycemic efficacy of replacing antidiabetic agents (excluding metformin) with canagliflozin in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control. In this observational, retrospective, real-world study, we selected patients treated with metformin in combination with ≥2 non-insulin antidiabetic agents or metformin in combination with basal insulin plus ≥1 non-insulin antidiabetic agent. Non-insulin antidiabetic agents were replaced with canagliflozin. Patients were followed-up on at three, six, and 12 months after the switch and a wide range of clinical variables were recorded. A total of 121 patients were included. From baseline to 12 months, the number of antidiabetic agents (3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 2.1 ± 0.8, p < 0.05), basal insulin dose (20.1 ± 9.8 vs. 10.1 ± 6.5 units, p < 0.01), and percentage of patients who used basal insulin (47.9% vs. 31.3%, p < 0.01) decreased. The proportion of patients who used diuretics also declined significantly. In addition, we observed improvement in glycemic control, with an increase in the proportion of patients with glycated hemoglobin <7% from 16.8% at three months to 63.5% at 12 (p < 0.001). Canagliflozin use was also beneficial in terms of body weight, blood pressure, heart failure status, functional class, and cardiovascular-renal risk. There were also reductions in the number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations for heart failure. Moreover, canagliflozin was well-tolerated, with a low rate of drug-related discontinuation. Mounting evidence from randomized controlled trials and real-world studies point to the beneficial profile of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors such as canagliflozin in patients with heart failure.This work was supported by PI15/00256 from the Institute of Health “Carlos III” (ISCIII), co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER. Maria Isabel Queipo-Ortuño was supported by the “Miguel Servet Type II” program (CPI18/00003, ISCIII, Spain, co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER) and by the “Nicolas Monardes” research program of the Consejería de Salud (C-0030-2018, Junta de Andalucía, Spain. Bruno Ramos Molina was supported by the “Miguel Servet Type I” program (CP19/00098, ISCIII, Spain, co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER). Lidia Sanchez-Alcoholado was the recipient of a predoctoral grant (PE-0106-2019) from the Consejería de Salud y Familia (co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER, Andalucia, Spain). Aurora Laborda-Illanes was the recipient of a predoctoral grant, PFIS-ISCIII (FI19-00112), co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER, Madrid, Spain.Ye
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