Relationship between education level and holding a full-time or part-time employment (Portugal 2006-2016)

The 2008 economic crisis produced significant setbacks in economic growth in developed countries, and countries like Portugal, in particular, were seriously harmed. Human capital is a factor of production which provides benefits to both individuals and society and, as such, it is crucial when analysing countries’ economic revivals. This article’s goal is to carry out a study of the likelihood of being employed in Portugal between 2006 and 2016, differentiating between full-time and part-time work, according to the maximum level of study attained. The results show that individuals with higher education have a high probability of having full-time work.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Un Análisis de la Formación Terciaria entre los Trabajadores Dependientes e Independientes: El Caso de Portugal (2006-2016)

[Resumen]: La inserción laboral de la población es un proceso complejo, que requiere la consideración de un buen número de variables y la aproximación desde múltiples niveles. Por una parte, es importante analizar este procedimiento atendiendo a las condiciones del mercado de trabajo y a las características de los individuos que configuran el capital humano existente en cada país. Portugal ha experimentado en el periodo de 2006 a 2016 un proceso de crisis económica (2008), que provoca en 2011 la intervención de la Unión Europea. A pesar de todo, en este contexto donde la situación socio-económica se ve perjudicada la recuperación se hace latente y se ha conseguido mantener la senda de crecimiento, que ha repercutido en los niveles educativos y en la inserción laboral. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar los niveles de educación terciaria alcanzados por la población ocupada en el periodo 2006 a 2016, diferenciando entre trabajadores contratados por cuenta ajena (dependientes) o por cuenta propia (independientes).[Abstract]: The labor insertion of the population is a complex process, which requires the consideration of a good number of variables and the approach from multiple levels. On the one hand, it is important to analyze this procedure according to the conditions of the labor market and the characteristics of the individuals that make up the existing human capital in each country. Portugal has experienced in the period from 2006 to 2016 a process of economic crisis (2008), which provoked in 2011 the intervention of the European Union. In spite of everything, in this context where the socio-economic situation is impaired, the recovery becomes latent and the growth path has been maintained, which has had an impact on educational levels and labor insertion. The main objective of this research is to analyze the levels of tertiary education reached by the employed population in the period 2006 to 2016, differentiating between workers hired by third parties (dependents) or self-employed (independent).[Sumário]: A inserção laboral da população é um processo complexo, que requer a consideração de um bom número de variáveis e a abordagem de múltiplos níveis. Por um lado, é importante analisar esse procedimento de acordo com as condições do mercado de trabalho e as características dos indivíduos que compõem o capital humano existente em cada país. Portugal experimentou no período de 2006 a 2016 um processo de crise económica (2008), que provocou em 2011 a intervenção da União Europeia. Apesar de tudo, neste contexto em que a situação socioeconômica é prejudicada, a recuperação torna-se latente e a trajetória de crescimento se mantém, o que impactou os níveis educacionais e a inserção do trabalho. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os níveis de ensino superior atingidos pela população ocupada no período de 2006 a 2016, diferenciando entre trabalhadores contratados por terceiros (dependentes) ou autônomos (independentes)

Motivation and academic desertion in Peruvian medical students

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Virtual reality for safe testing and development in collaborative robotics: challenges and perspectives

Collaborative robots (cobots) could help humans in tasks that are mundane, dangerous or where direct human contact carries risk. Yet, the collaboration between humans and robots is severely limited by the aspects of the safety and comfort of human operators. In this paper, we outline the use of extended reality (XR) as a way to test and develop collaboration with robots. We focus on virtual reality (VR) in simulating collaboration scenarios and the use of cobot digital twins. This is specifically useful in situations that are difficult or even impossible to safely test in real life, such as dangerous scenarios. We describe using XR simulations as a means to evaluate collaboration with robots without putting humans at harm. We show how an XR setting enables combining human behavioral data, subjective self-reports, and biosignals signifying human comfort, stress and cognitive load during collaboration. Several works demonstrate XR can be used to train human operators and provide them with augmented reality (AR) interfaces to enhance their performance with robots. We also provide a first attempt at what could become the basis for a human–robot collaboration testing framework, specifically for designing and testing factors affecting human–robot collaboration. The use of XR has the potential to change the way we design and test cobots, and train cobot operators, in a range of applications: from industry, through healthcare, to space operations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEW BUILDING CODES 2018 AND EDUCATION TO IMPROVE RESILIENCE OF COASTAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN PUERTO RICO

The archipelago of Puerto Rico is prone to multiple hazards due to its very particular location in the Caribbean and its frequent exposure to extreme natural events. Since 2017, the Island has faced hurricanes, tropical storms, a sequence of earthquakes, drought, and various flood events caused by extreme cyclonic rainfall that have caused damage to coastal infrastructure. To support Puerto Rico's recovery after Hurricane María, numerous projects were developed and implemented. Many of these projects were funded through FEMA and acted as key catalysts for response, recovery, and public policy. FEMA's Mitigation Assessment Team, also known as MAT, developed recommendations to rebuild a more resistant infrastructure. Among the key recommendations is the adoption of the Puerto Rico Building Code of 2018. To facilitate the transfer of knowledge to the community in general (students, teachers, professionals, first responders and the workforce), the Center for Coastal Resilience (CRC) established two educational programs: the first is a continuing education program open to the general public; and the second is a formal program for university students that includes courses leading to degrees, projects, research, and internships. Adoption of the latest building codes and FEMA recommendations provide the tools for a resilient coastal infrastructure. The continuing education program has impacted 2,311 community members to date, increasing their knowledge and understanding of the different stages of prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and risk mitigation of coastal infrastructure

Análisis bibliométrico de la educación como bien común. Un enfoque en la transformación digital

Los sistemas educativos tradicionales se han enfocado en solucionar las problemáticas sociales a través del desempeño económico del país, pero han frecuentemente han descuidado otros objetivos que propician la creación de grupos privilegiados. Esto, porque se ha brindado una educación comercial y técnica con poco impacto en la sostenibilidad, el bien social y la justicia social. La educación como bien común pretende resolver el problema al brindar una educación fundamentada en una visión humanista, enfocada en la dignidad humana y el bienestar de los integrantes del mundo. El constructo teórico educación como bien común, como cualquier otro, se encuentra en constante evolución. Incluso, se han identificado limitantes y vacíos teóricos cuando el concepto se atribuye a la educación. En ese sentido, resulta importante actualizar y reinterpretar su concepto desde la óptica de las tendencias y los desafíos globales. Por lo cual, el objetivo de este artículo fue caracterizar la educación como bien común haciendo énfasis en la dinámica presentada a partir de la crisis del coronavirus y la transformación digital. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura bibliométrica permitió sistematizar y clasificar longitudinalmente diferentes perspectivas teóricas. Se identificaron términos clave que caracterizaron el concepto de educación como bien público del 2000 al 2022. Asimismo, se identificaron vetas de investigación poco exploradas. Se contribuye así a la frontera del conocimiento de una forma descriptiva

Advanced Glycation End Products: New Clinical and Molecular Perspectives

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered one of the most massive epidemics of the twenty-first century due to its high mortality rates caused mainly due to its complications; therefore, the early identification of such complications becomes a race against time to establish a prompt diagnosis. The research of complications of DM over the years has allowed the development of numerous alternatives for diagnosis. Among these emerge the quantification of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) given their increased levels due to chronic hyperglycemia, while also being related to the induction of different stress-associated cellular responses and proinflammatory mechanisms involved in the progression of chronic complications of DM. Additionally, the investigation for more valuable and safe techniques has led to developing a newer, noninvasive, and effective tool, termed skin fluorescence (SAF). Hence, this study aimed to establish an update about the molecular mechanisms induced by AGEs during the evolution of chronic complications of DM and describe the newer measurement techniques available, highlighting SAF as a possible tool to measure the risk of developing DM chronic complications

Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an inflammatory clinical entity with different mechanisms involved in its physiopathology. Among these, the dysfunction of the gut microbiota stands out. Currently, it is understood that lipid products derived from the gut microbiota are capable of interacting with cells from the immune system and have an immunomodulatory effect. In the presence of dysbiosis, the concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases, favoring damage to the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory environment prevails, and a state of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is present. Conversely, during eubiosis, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is fundamental for the maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as well as for immunogenic tolerance and appetite/satiety perception, leading to a protective effect. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that alterations or dysregulation of the gut microbiota can be reversed by modifying the eating habits of the patients or with the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics. Similarly, different studies have demonstrated that drugs like Metformin are capable of modifying the composition of the gut microbiota, promoting changes in the biosynthesis of LPS, and the metabolism of SCFA

Fatty liver disease, an emerging etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Argentina

AIM To investigate any changing trends in the etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Argentina during the last years. METHODS A longitudinal cohort study was conducted by 14 regional hospitals starting in 2009 through 2016. All adult patients with newly diagnosed HCC either with pathology or imaging criteria were included. Patients were classified as presenting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) either by histology or clinically, provided that all other etiologies of liver disease were ruled out, fatty liver was present on abdominal ultrasound and alcohol consumption was excluded. Complete follow-up was assessed in all included subjects since the date of HCC diagnosis until death or last medical visit. RESULTS A total of 708 consecutive adults with HCC were included. Six out of 14 hospitals were liver transplant centers (n = 484). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 27.7%. Overall, HCV was the main cause of liver disease related with HCC (37%) including cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, followed by alcoholic liver disease 20.8%, NAFLD 11.4%, cryptogenic 9.6%, HBV 5.4% infection, cholestatic disease and autoimmune hepatitis 2.2%, and other causes 9.9%. A 6-fold increase in the percentage corresponding to NAFLDHCC was detected when the starting year, i.e., 2009 was compared to the last one, i.e., 2015 (4.3% vs 25.6%; P < 0.0001). Accordingly, a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus was present in NAFLD-HCC group 61.7% when compared to other than NAFLD-HCC 23.3% (P < 0.0001). Lower median AFP values at HCC diagnosis were observed between NAFLD-HCC and non-NAFLD groups (6.6 ng/mL vs 26 ng/mL; P = 0.02). Neither NAFLD nor other HCC etiologies were associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSION The growing incidence of NAFLD-HCC documented in the United States and Europe is also observed in Argentina, a confirmation with important Public Health implications.Fil: Piñero, Federico. Hospital Universitario Austral; Argentina. Sanatorio de la Trinidad San Isidro; ArgentinaFil: Pages, Josefina. Hospital Universitario Austral; ArgentinaFil: Marciano, Sebastián. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Nora. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Jorge. Provincia de San Juan. Hospital Rawson; ArgentinaFil: Anders, Margarita. Hospital Alemán; ArgentinaFil: Zerega, Alina. Sanatorio Allende; ArgentinaFil: Ridruejo, Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Ameigeiras, Beatriz. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: D'amico, Claudia. Centro Especialidades Médicas Ambulatorias Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gaite, Luis. Clínica de Nefrología de Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Bermúdez, Carla. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Cobos, Manuel. Hospital Alemán; ArgentinaFil: Rosales, Carlos. Provincia de San Juan. Hospital Rawson; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Gustavo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos B. Udaondo"; ArgentinaFil: McCormack, Lucas. Hospital Alemán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Reggiardo, Virginia. Gobierno de Santa Fe. Hospital Provincial del Centenario; ArgentinaFil: Colombato, Luis. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Gadano, Adrián Carlos. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Marcelo. Hospital Universitario Austral; Argentin