A clinical study of resections in oral cavity carcinomas

Background and Aims: Oral carcinoma is one of most common cancers reported globally of which most arise in developing countries such as India. In our study, the presentation of disease in oral cavity, types of resection with closure and clinical with histopathological correlation has been described. Methods: Prospective study done in Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Pimpri, Pune, under General Surgery Department. Carcinomas of the oral cavity operated from July 2012 to September 2014 were included. Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy/fine-needle aspiration cytology. Patients were subjected to appropriate surgeries, which were performed by the same surgeon and the histopathological specimens had been evaluated by the same pathologist. Results: Of the 50 patients in our study, age of the patients varied from 32 years to 91 years with highest number of patients were found in the age group of 41–50 years, with 32 (64%) patients were male accounting for male preponderance. Composite resections for the primary were done in 72% and wide local excisions in 28%. A total of 5 radical neck dissection, 40 MRND 10 Supraomohyoid neck dissection were performed according to the stage of the neck and their reconstruction. Conclusion: Oral cavity carcinomas are one of the most commonly occurring malignancies in India and most of them are detected in the low socioeconomic strata of the society. Although the distribution of primary site was varied, it was possible to achieve some uniformity in the treatment of these patients on the background of diversity in clinical presentation

Nuclear receptor liver receptor homologue 1 (LRH-1) regulates pancreatic cancer cell growth and proliferation

An essential regulator of gene transcription, nuclear receptor liver receptor homologue 1 (LRH-1) controls cell differentiation in the developing pancreas and maintains cholesterol homeostasis in adults. Recent genome-wide association studies linked mutations in the LRH-1 gene and its up-stream regulatory regions to development of pancreatic cancer. In this work, we show that LRH-1 transcription is activated up to 30-fold in human pancreatic cancer cells compared to normal pancreatic ductal epithelium. This activation correlates with markedly increased LRH-1 protein expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in vivo. Selective blocking of LRH-1 by receptor specific siRNA significantly inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro. The inhibition is tracked in part to the attenuation of the receptor’s transcriptional targets controlling cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Previously, LRH-1 was shown to contribute to formation of intestinal tumors. This study demonstrates the critical involvement of LRH-1 in development and progression of pancreatic cancer, suggesting the LRH-1 receptor as a plausible therapeutic target for treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas