Efecto del procesamiento sobre las propiedades antioxidantes de dos tipos comerciales de cacahuete cultivados en México

The effect of roasting, frying, microwave heating, and germination on the antioxidant properties, total phenolics and flavonoids content of two types of peanuts (Valencia and Virginia) grown in Mexico was investigated. The thermal treatments affected the phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity of the two varieties of peanuts differently (by ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and iron chelating activity methods). Germination was the best method to increase the antioxidant activity (up to 157% increase in the Virginia variety) and the contents of compounds with nutraceutical potential in the peanuts (up to 59% increase in total phenolics in the Valencia variety and 700% increase in total flavonoids in the Virginia variety). Germinated peanuts could be used as raw material for the production of functional foods.Se investigó el efecto del tostado, fritura, tostado en microondas y la germinación, sobre las propiedades antioxidantes, el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales y flavonoides de dos tipos de cacahuete cultivados en México. Los tratamientos térmicos afectaron de forma diferente al contenido de fenólicos y la capacidad antioxidante de las dos variedades de cacahuete (por los métodos de ABTS, DPPH, FRAP y actividad quelante de hierro). La germinación fue el mejor método para aumentar la actividad antioxidante (hasta en 157% en la variedad Virginia) y el contenido de compuestos con potencial nutracéutico de los cacahuates (hasta en 59% de aumento en los fenólicos totales de la variedad Valencia y 700% de aumento en los flavonoides totales de la variedad Virginia). Los cacahuetes germinados podrían usarse como materia prima para la producción de alimentos funcionales

Gestión clínica de la consulta: previsibilidad y contenido clínico (estudio SyN-PC)

ObjetivoDescribir la actividad asistencial en función de la naturaleza de la consulta (previsibilidad) y las necesidades de los pacientes (contenido clínico). Analizar la relación con las características de la consulta, del paciente y del centroDiseñoEstudio observacional descriptivo multicéntricoEmplazamientoAtención primaria. Área 17 de la Conselleria de Sanidad de la Comunidad Valenciana. Población de 197.316 habitantes. Trece centros de saludParticipantesRecogida de información en tiempo real por un observador externo. Muestreo aleatorio estratificado de 2.051 pacientes que ocasionaron 3.008 motivos de consulta médicaMediciones principalesConsulta previsible (Pr): se puede prever su contenido (revisiones, recogida de resultados). Consulta imprevisible (Ip): no podemos prever su contenido (problemas agudos) y surgen inesperadamente. Engloba la consulta urgente. Consulta administrativa (Ad): tareas burocráticas (recetas, partes de confirmación, certificados). Consulta asistencial (As): prevenir, diagnosticar y tratar la enfermedad, o realizar seguimiento de ésta. Variables del paciente, el centro y la consultaResultadosEl 60% (n=1.809; IC del 95%, 58,69–61,59%) de los motivos fueron previsibles y el 40% (n=1.199; IC del 95%, 36,6–43,12%), imprevisibles. El 50% (n=1.509; IC del 95%, 47,26–53,06%) fueron consultas asistenciales y el 50% (n=1.499; IC del 95%, 46,34–53,39%), administrativas. El 40% (n=1.189; IC del 95%, 37,78–41,28%) fueron previsibles-administrativas y tan sólo un 21% (n=620; IC del 95%, 19,16– 22,06%) resultaron de carácter previsible-asistencial. El 30% (n=889; IC del 95%, 27,92–31,18%) fueron de carácter imprevisible–asistencial y el 10% (n=310; IC del 95%, 9,22– 11,4%), imprevisibles-administrativas. En los pacientes con un único motivo, el 48% (n=577; IC del 95%, 44,25–52,05%) fueron consultas previsibles-administrativas. Los centros docentes o informatizados tienen menos carga de consultas previsibles-administrativas. Éstas aumentan con la edad del paciente y con la presión asistencialConclusionesCasi un 40% de los motivos de consulta son previsibles-administrativos, lo que implica una gestión clínica inadecuada. Sería necesaria una intervención que permitiera liberar tiempo médico consumido en asuntos burocráticos para dedicarlo a la tarea asistencial propiamente dichaObjectivesTo describe care activity as a function of the nature of the consultation (predictability) and the needs of the patients (clinical content). To analyse the relationship of these with the characteristics of the consultation, of the patient and of the centreDesignMulti-centre, descriptive, observational study.SettingPrimary care. Area 17 of the Health Department of the Community of Valencia, with 197 316 inhabitants and 12 health centresParticipantsInformation gathering in real time by outside observer. Stratified randomised sampling of 2051 patients who gave rise to 3008 reasons for medical consultationMain measurementsPredictable consultations (Pr): their content can be foreseen (check-ups, picking up results). Unpredictable consultations (Unp): we cannot predict their content (acute problems may arise unexpectedly). These include urgent consultations. Administrative consultations (Ad): bureaucratic tasks (prescriptions, repeat sick-notes, sick certificates). Care consultations (Car): prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the illness, or monitoring of it. Variables here are the patient, the doctor and the consultationResults60% (1809) (95% CI, 58.69%–61.59%) of the reasons were Pr and 40% (1199) (95% CI, 36.6%–43.12%) were Unp. 50% (1509) (95% CI, 47.26%–53.06%) were Car, and 50% Ad (1499) (95% CI, 46.34%–53.39%). 40% (1189) (95% CI, 37.78%–41.28%) were Pr-Ad and only 21% (620) (95% CI, 19.16%–22.06%) were Pr-Car. 30% (889) (95% CI, 27.92%–31.18%) were Unp–Car, and 10% (310) (95% CI, 9.22%– 11.4%) Unp-Ad. 48% of patients with a single reason for attendance were Pr-Ad (577) (95% CI, 44.25%–52.05). Teaching centres and computerised ones had less Pr-Ad load. Pr-Ad consultations increased with patient´s age and with case-load.ConclusionsAlmost 40% of the reasons for consultation are Pr-Ad, which implies inadequate clinical management. An intervention is needed to free up medical time consumed by bureaucratic questions, so that this time can be devoted fully to health-care task

GWAS for Systemic Sclerosis Identifies Multiple Risk Loci and Highlights Fibrotic and Vasculopathy Pathways

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease that shows one of the highest mortality rates among rheumatic diseases. We perform a large genome-wide association study (GWAS), and meta-analysis with previous GWASs, in 26,679 individuals and identify 27 independent genome-wide associated signals, including 13 new risk loci. The novel associations nearly double the number of genome-wide hits reported for SSc thus far. We define 95% credible sets of less than 5 likely causal variants in 12 loci. Additionally, we identify specific SSc subtype-associated signals. Functional analysis of high-priority variants shows the potential function of SSc signals, with the identification of 43 robust target genes through HiChIP. Our results point towards molecular pathways potentially involved in vasculopathy and fibrosis, two main hallmarks in SSc, and highlight the spectrum of critical cell types for the disease. This work supports a better understanding of the genetic basis of SSc and provides directions for future functional experiments.Funding: This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant ref. SAF2015-66761-P), Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Tecnologia, Junta de Andalucía (P12-BIO-1395), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte through the program FPU, Juan de la Cierva fellowship (FJCI-2015-24028), Red de Investigación en Inflamación y Enfermadades Reumaticas (RIER) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RD16/0012/0013), and Scleroderma Research Foundation and NIH P50-HG007735 (to H.Y.C.). H.Y.C. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. PopGen 2.0 is supported by a grant from the German Ministry for Education and Research (01EY1103). M.D.M and S.A. are supported by grant DoD W81XWH-18-1-0423 and DoD W81XWH-16-1-0296, respectively

Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals