Psicología y Psicología Clínica : sobre árboles y ramas

En su evolución conceptual y profesional la psicología clínica es deudora, sin duda, de la psicología. Pero, al mismo tiempo, su propio objeto de estudio (los trastornos mentales y del comportamiento) no siempre ha sido bien visto ni aceptado por la psicología científica, lo que ha propiciado que los psicólogos clínicos buscaran respuestas a sus preguntas, no solo en la psicología “madre”, sino también en otros campos científicos diferentes. En este artículo se ofrece una visión subjetiva y por tanto, personal, de los encuentros y desencuentros entre la psicología clínica y la no-clínica (y entre los profesionales de uno y otro ámbito). Se examinan también las posibles razones que explican el éxito actual de la psicología clínica en el ámbito de los trastornos mentales y del comportamiento, las contribuciones de la psicología en general a ese éxito, y los riesgos que conlleva confiar en exceso en lo logrado hasta ahora como garantía de éxitos y logros futuros._________________________________Clinical Psychology has undoubtedly their roots in the psychological science. However, it must be recognized also that the study of mental disorders, the main goal for clinical psychologists, has not been always well admitted by the nonclinical psychologists. As a result, clinical psychologists have been searching for solutions to their problems in other nonpsychological scientific settings. In this paper, a subjective view about the agreements and misunderstandings between clinical and non-clinical psychology is offered. Some reasons explaining the current successes of clinical psychology are also discussed, together with the contribution of psychology to these successes and the risks involved in considering the achievements as a guarantee of future success

Franz Xaver Kroetz: apuntes sobre un dramaturgo alemán de actualidad

La temática de las primeras obras de Franz Xaver Kroetz resulta bastante monótona. Esta situación cambia totalmente más tarde. Debe valorarse muy positivamente la decisión con que presenta a la discusión pública temas muy comprometidos. En su obra traslucen las convicciones políticas personales, pero no por ello deja de exponer con honestidad argumentos contrarios, lo cual prueba su progresiva madurez como escritor.Franz Xaver Kroetz's thematic work is, at first time, monotonous and repetitive. The situation changes completely after. It should be valued highly the decision of present to public discussion very committed themes. The works show his political convictions, but no longer honestly, he also exposes the arguments of the opposition, which is further evidence of his increasing maturity as a writer

El concepto y el ciclo de la violencia de género en las relaciones de pareja de menores offline y online

[Resumen] Este artículo analiza la posibilidad de aplicar el concepto de violencia de género en las relaciones de pareja de menores offline y online. Se tiene en cuenta las características propias de su edad que afectan a sus relaciones de pareja. Una vez analizado el concepto de violencia de género en menores y comprobar su legalidad se estudian las distintas fases del ciclo de la violencia de género aplicadas a dichas relaciones. A continuación, se estudian los tipos de ciberacosos que ocasionan violencia de género en internet como son: ciberacoso psicológico, ciberstalking, sexting y/o sextorsión. Este estudio se centra en las “relaciones de pareja de menores” españoles, es decir, no concurre ningún tipo de cultura o tradición ajena a la española ni presentan ningún tipo de discapacidad. Solamente han adoptado los roles de género y estereotipos propios de la cultura patriarcal. La metodología utilizada combina las técnicas exploratoria, descriptiva e inductiva. Las dos primeras acuden a fuentes primarias y secundarias para plantear el problema y la tercera realiza un análisis crítico[Abstract] This article analyzes the possibility of applying the concept of gender violence in offline and online child's relationships. It takes into account the characteristics of their age that affect their relationships. After analyzing the concept of gender violence in minors and checking its legality, the different phases of the cycle of gender violence applied to these relationships are studied. Next, the types of cyberbullying that cause gender violence on the Internet are studied, such as: cyberbullying, cyberstalking, sexting and / or sextorsion. This study focuses on the "relationships of the couple of minors" Spaniards, that is to say, there is no type of culture or tradition foreign to the Spanish nor present any type of disability. They have only adopted the gender roles and stereotypes of the patriarchal culture. The methodology used combines exploratory, descriptive and inductive techniques. The first two go to primary and secondary sources to raise the problem and the third one makes a critical analysis

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MULTICHANNEL AUDIO BY GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNITS

Multichannel acoustic signal processing has undergone major development in recent years due to the increased complexity of current audio processing applications. People want to collaborate through communication with the feeling of being together and sharing the same environment, what is considered as Immersive Audio Schemes. In this phenomenon, several acoustic e ects are involved: 3D spatial sound, room compensation, crosstalk cancelation, sound source localization, among others. However, high computing capacity is required to achieve any of these e ects in a real large-scale system, what represents a considerable limitation for real-time applications. The increase of the computational capacity has been historically linked to the number of transistors in a chip. However, nowadays the improvements in the computational capacity are mainly given by increasing the number of processing units, i.e expanding parallelism in computing. This is the case of the Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), that own now thousands of computing cores. GPUs were traditionally related to graphic or image applications, but new releases in the GPU programming environments, CUDA or OpenCL, allowed that most applications were computationally accelerated in elds beyond graphics. This thesis aims to demonstrate that GPUs are totally valid tools to carry out audio applications that require high computational resources. To this end, di erent applications in the eld of audio processing are studied and performed using GPUs. This manuscript also analyzes and solves possible limitations in each GPU-based implementation both from the acoustic point of view as from the computational point of view. In this document, we have addressed the following problems: Most of audio applications are based on massive ltering. Thus, the rst implementation to undertake is a fundamental operation in the audio processing: the convolution. It has been rst developed as a computational kernel and afterwards used for an application that combines multiples convolutions concurrently: generalized crosstalk cancellation and equalization. The proposed implementation can successfully manage two di erent and common situations: size of bu ers that are much larger than the size of the lters and size of bu ers that are much smaller than the size of the lters. Two spatial audio applications that use the GPU as a co-processor have been developed from the massive multichannel ltering. First application deals with binaural audio. Its main feature is that this application is able to synthesize sound sources in spatial positions that are not included in the database of HRTF and to generate smoothly movements of sound sources. Both features were designed after di erent tests (objective and subjective). The performance regarding number of sound source that could be rendered in real time was assessed on GPUs with di erent GPU architectures. A similar performance is measured in a Wave Field Synthesis system (second spatial audio application) that is composed of 96 loudspeakers. The proposed GPU-based implementation is able to reduce the room e ects during the sound source rendering. A well-known approach for sound source localization in noisy and reverberant environments is also addressed on a multi-GPU system. This is the case of the Steered Response Power with Phase Transform (SRPPHAT) algorithm. Since localization accuracy can be improved by using high-resolution spatial grids and a high number of microphones, accurate acoustic localization systems require high computational power. The solutions implemented in this thesis are evaluated both from localization and from computational performance points of view, taking into account different acoustic environments, and always from a real-time implementation perspective. Finally, This manuscript addresses also massive multichannel ltering when the lters present an In nite Impulse Response (IIR). Two cases are analyzed in this manuscript: 1) IIR lters composed of multiple secondorder sections, and 2) IIR lters that presents an allpass response. Both cases are used to develop and accelerate two di erent applications: 1) to execute multiple Equalizations in a WFS system, and 2) to reduce the dynamic range in an audio signal.Belloch Rodríguez, JA. (2014). PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MULTICHANNEL AUDIO BY GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNITS [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/40651TESISPremios Extraordinarios de tesis doctorale

Efficient target-response interpolation for a graphic equalizer

Proceedings of the 41st IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP, held in Shanghai (China) during 20-25 March 2016.A graphic equalizer is an adjustable filter in which the command gain of each frequency band is practically independent of the gains of other bands. Designing a graphic equalizer with a high precision requires evaluating a target response that interpolates the magnitude response at several frequency points between the command gains. Good accuracy has been previously achieved by using polynomial interpolation methods such as cubic Hermite or spline interpolation. However, these methods require large computational resources, which is a limitation in real-time applications. This paper proposes an efficient way of computing the target response without sacrificing the approximation accuracy. This new approach called Linear Interpolation with Constant Segments (LICS) reduces the computing time of the target response by 55% and has an intrinsic parallel structure. Performance of the LICS method is assessed on an ARM Cortex-A7 core, which is commonly used in embedded systems.This work was conducted in spring 2015 when the first author was a visiting postdoctoral researcher at Aalto University. This research has been partly funded by the TIN2014-53495-R and TIN2011-23283 projects of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER

Yeast species and genetic heterogeneity within Debaryomyces hansenii along the ripening process of traditional ewes' and goats' cheeses

The yeasts present during the ripening process of ewes' and goats' cheeses produced in a small traditional dairy in Mediterranean Spain were isolated and identified. Five hundred and thirty strains pertaining to eleven yeast species representing eight genera were identified using molecular methods. Debaryomyces hansenii was the yeast species most frequently isolated in all cheeses. Other yeast species commonly found in dairy products were present at the first maturing weeks. Two yeast species Trichosporon coremiiforme and Trichosporon domesticum have been reported in cheeses for the first time, and Meyerozyma guilliermondii has been newly isolated from goats' cheeses. Yeast species composition changed greatly along the process; although, D. hansenii dominated at the end of ripening in all cheeses. Most yeast isolates were able to hydrolyze casein and fatty acid esters. One hundred and eighty seven D. hansenii isolates were genotyped by PCR amplification of M13 satellites and an UPGMA dendrogram was constructed. The majority of isolates were grouped in 5 clusters while 7 profiles were represented by 1–3 isolates. These results demonstrate the genetic heterogeneity present in D. hansenii strains isolated from raw milk cheeses.Authors thank grants Consolider Ingenio Fun-C-Food, CSD2007-00063 and INIA RM2007-00010 for financial support. BP thanks CSIC for a JAE Predoc contract. Authors are grateful to Cheese Company “Los Corrales” for kindly supplying the cheese samples.Peer reviewe

Exercicis per a l’entrenament de la musculatura flexora del tronc en el medi aquàtic

Pel que fa a l’exercitació abdominal en el medi terrestre s’han realitzat estudis múltiples que han avaluat diversos aspectes. Malgrat això, s’ha de ressaltar que fins avui son escasses les publicacions que s’han centrat en aprofundir de manera qualitativa i/o quantitativa en l’exercitació abdominal en el medi aquàtic. A partir d’un estudi bidimensional de fotogrametria i vídeo s’ha realitzat un anàlisi cinemàtica de 12 exercicis aquàtics de flexió de tronc que involucren la musculatura abdominal. L’estudi està en les seves fases preliminars, motiu per al qual es va dur a terme amb únic subjecte. El model antropomètric utilitzat per a l’anàlisi cinemàtica va consistir en un model alàmbric de tres segments: cuixa, pelvis i zona lumbar. Aquests tres segments determinen els dos angles d’interès: angle dels malucs i angle lumbar. Els resultats obtinguts han corroborat l’eficàcia i seguretat de la majoria dels moviments proposats. Amb les dades que aporta aquest estudi s’obren noves possibilitats d’actuació per als diversos àmbits de pràctica física saludable en el medi aquàtic, oferint a més a més, una alternativa teòrica i pràctica a la típica idea de “sortir-se de la piscina” per a realitzar aquests exercicis

Ejercicios para el entrenamiento de la musculatura flexora del tronco en el medio acuático

Al respecto de la ejercitación abdominal en el medio terrestre se han realizado múltiples estudios que han evaluado diversos aspectos. Sin embargo, se debe resaltar que hasta la fecha son escasas las publicaciones que se han centrado en ahondar de manera cualitativa y/o cuantitativa en la ejercitación abdominal en el medio acuático. A partir de un estudio bidimensional de fotogrametría y vídeo se ha realizado un análisis cinemático de 12 ejercicios acuáticos de flexión de tronco que involucran la musculatura abdominal. El estudio está en sus fases preliminares, por lo que se llevó a cabo con un único sujeto. El modelo antropométrico utilizado para el análisis cinemático consistió en un modelo alámbrico de 3 segmentos: muslo, pelvis y zona lumbar. Estos tres segmentos determinan los dos ángulos de interés: ángulo de cadera y ángulo lumbar. Los resultados obtenidos han corroborado la eficacia y seguridad de la mayoría de los movimientos propuestos. Con los datos que se aportan en este estudio se abren nuevas posibilidades de actuación para los diversos ámbitos de práctica física saludable en el medio acuático, ofreciendo, además, una alternativa teórica y práctica a la típica idea de “salirse de la piscina” para realizar dichos ejercicios

Accessible C-programming course from scratch using a MOOC platform without limitations

[EN] The C language has been used for ages in the application development in multidisciplinary environments. However, in the academia, this language is being replaced by other higher-level languages due to they are easier to understand, learn and apply. Moreover, the necessity of professionals with a good knowledge in those high-level languages is constantly increasing because of the boosting of mobile devices. This scenario generates a lack of low-level language programmers, required in other less trendy fields, but equal or more important, such as science, engineering or research.  In order to revive the interest in low-level languages and provide those minority fields with well-prepared staff, we present in this work a MOCC C-programming course that is addressed to any kind of people with or without IT background. A feature that differentiates this course from others programming online-based courses is that we mainly focus on the C language syntax providing, via a self-tuned virtual machine, an encapsulated environment that hides any interaction with the command-line of the underlying operating system. A secondary target of this work is to foster the computer science degree students to enrol the computer architecture specialization at the Universitat Jaume I (Spain). For this purpose, the High Performance Computing and Architectures research group of that University has decided to use this C course as a tool for fulfill the gap of the current syllabus. The results show that half of the participants that completed the first session of the course have satisfactorily finished the course, and the number of computer science degree students that chose the computer architecture specialization the following academic course was increment by 3x.This research has been partly funded by TIN2017-82972-R. Adrián Castelló was supported by the ValI+D 2015 FPI program of the Generalitat Valenciana.http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/HEAD/HEAD18Castelló, A.; Iserte, S.; Belloch, JA. (2018). Accessible C-programming course from scratch using a MOOC platform without limitations. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1197-1204. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD18.2018.8176OCS1197120

The effect of protein restriction during the growing period on carcass, meat and fat quality of heavy barrows and gilts

Nutritional strategies are being researched in pigs to increase fatness and then to improve quality of dry-cured products. A total of 160 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) pigs, 50% barrows and 50% gilts, were used in a trial. During the growing period (73-118. d of age), four feeds were formulated with decreasing levels of crude protein (CP; 21.6, 17.7, 14.7 and 13.5%) to achieve 1.10, 0.91, 0.78 and 0.52% of total Lysine, respectively. From 118. d until slaughter, at 123. kg (183, 181, 178 or 192. d of age, respectively), a common diet was provided (17.7% CP and 0.91% Lysine). Barrows had fatter carcasses than gilts but intramuscular fat (IMF) proportion was similar for both. Dietary CP restriction promoted wider backfat depth and pork with higher IMF percentage which was more monounsaturated and less polyunsaturated. We conclude that CP restriction during the grower period improves desirable carcass and meat traits in barrows and gilts intended for dry-cured products